2019版高考英语新人教版必修2一轮复习讲义：第一编教材回眸UNIT1CULTURALRELICS .doc

1、Unit 1 Cultural relics 【题目优选】假如你是李华，你所在的地区有一座古寺庙，寺庙内墙上绘有多幅反映当时人们生活的壁画，具有很高的艺术价值。但是，近年来，每天都有很多游人前来参观，空气污染对壁画正在造成破坏。请你就此写一封信，呼吁有关部门采取措施，保护这一文化遗迹。信中要包括以下信息：1.说明写信的目的；2.介绍壁画的情况；3.提出具体的建议。【经典范文】Dear Sir/Madam，Im writing to inform you of a newly discovered ancient temple in our city.It was built in the la

2、te Tang Dynasty. On the walls of the temple are many paintings, which show us how people at that time lived. The wall paintings are of great value. But I am worried about them because some of them aredamaged by air pollution, which comes from visitors who come in every day.I think some measures shou

3、ld be taken immediately. First, we should put glass walls in front of the paintings. Second, the number of visitors should be limited. And we should build a website where people can look at the pictures and paintings of the temple. Only in this way can we protect the temple properly.Looking forward

4、to hearing from you.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【名师点拨】文中使用了较为高级的词汇和句式，如inform sb. of sth., be of great value, take measures, look forward to等以及倒装句、定语从句、原因状语从句等。这些词汇和句式的使用体现了作者驾驭语言的能力，彰显了作者扎实的基本功。1核心单词(1)survive (v.) 幸免(于)；幸存；比活得长；生还survival (n.) 生存；幸存survivor (n.) 幸存者(2)select (vt.) 挑选；选择selection (n.) 选择

5、；选拔(3)design (n.) 设计；图案；构思 (vt.) 设计；计划；构思designer (n.)设计者；构思者(4)fancy (adj.) 奇特的；异样的 (vt.) 想象；设想；爱好(5)decorate (v.) 装饰；装修decoration (n.) 装饰品；装饰(6)remove (vt.) 移动；搬开removal (n.) 移动；除去(7)doubt (n.) 怀疑；疑惑 (vt.) 怀疑；不信doubtful (adj.) 怀疑的(8)worth (prep.) 值得的；相当于的价值 (n.) 价值；作用worthy (adj.) 值得或应得的；值得尊敬的(9)e

6、xplode (vi.) 爆炸explosion (n.) 爆炸(10)sink (vi.) 下沉；沉下sank/sunk (过去式)sunk/sunken (过去分词)2阅读单词(1)valuable (adj.) 贵重的；有价值的 (2)amazing (adj.) 令人吃惊的 (3)troop (n.) 群；组；军队 (4)reception (n.) 接待；招待会；接收 (5)former (adj.) 以前的；从前的 (6)local (adj.) 本地的；当地的 (7)evidence (n.) 根据；证据 (8)sailor (n.) 水手；海员；船员 (9)informal (

7、adj.) 非正式的 (10)debate (n. & vi.) 争论；辩论 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1Simon _ (select) to make a speech at the opening ceremony.答案：was selected2As we all know, time is the most _ (value) wealth that one can have.答案：valuable3Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as _ (decorate) on their cars.答案：deco

8、rations4The series of books _ (design) for the students in Grade Three.答案：are designed5.Many strange customs _ (survive) from earlier times.答案：have survived6I dont fancy _ (make) a journey to America.答案：making7The film The flowers of War is well worth _ (see)答案：seeing8Please _ (remove) your shoes be

9、fore entering the room when you are in Japan.答案：remove9The citys population _ (explode) in the last few years.答案：has exploded10All the _ (evident) we collected proved him to be guilty.答案：evidence联想积累1以“able”为后缀的高频形容词小结valuevaluable 宝贵的forgetforgettable 健忘的suitsuitable 合适的reasonreasonable 合理的admiread

10、mirable 令人钦佩的enjoyenjoyable 令人愉快的acceptacceptable 可接受的affordaffordable 负担得起的2“喜欢”家族速记fancy 喜欢；想要；想象；设想like 喜欢；喜爱love 喜爱；喜好；喜欢enjoy 喜欢；欣赏favor 喜欢；支持；赞成prefer 更喜欢admire 喜欢；赞赏；钦佩be fond of 喜欢；喜爱be keen on 喜欢；喜爱3以e结尾的动词eal变名词survivesurvival幸存removeremoval移除arrivearrival到达refuserefusal拒绝proposeproposal提议

11、approveapproval批准；同意1in_search_of 寻找2belong_to 属于3in_return 作为报答；回报4at_war 处于交战状态5less_than 少于6take apart 拆开 7rather than 而不是 8serve as 充当；起作用 9think highly of 看重；器重 10develop an interest in . 培养对的兴趣 【即景活用】用所给的短语的适当形式填空take apart， in search of， belong to， in return， at war， serve as1Some tribes migr

12、ate with their cattle _ fresh grass.答案：in search of2Workers were busy _ televisions, cell phones and computersanything electronic.答案：taking apart3If you do help them, dont expect anything _ .答案：in return4A tiger is a large fierce animal _ the cat family.答案：belonging to5The country has been _ with it

13、s neighbour for two years.答案：at war6From this experience I have learnt that questioning can _ a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.答案：serve as联想积累1“atn.”常考短语归纳at war处于交战状态at school在上学at play在玩耍；起作用at sea在大海上；在航行at work在工作at peace处于和平状态2“inn.of”结构大集合in search of寻找in memory of为了纪念in favor of支持；赞同i

14、n honour of为了纪念；为向表示敬意in view of鉴于；由于in terms of谈及；就而言；在方面in case of要是；万一in place of代替；取代1After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.在那之后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。2In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审讯中，法官必须判断哪些证人可信，哪些证人不可信。【句式仿写】1After man

15、y years, _ a mystery.多年之后，是什么导致了这个女明星的死还是个谜。答案：what caused the death of the famous actress remains2Ive completed the application form and resume, but I have no idea _ the words and format mistakes.我已经写完了申请书和简历，但是我不知道怎样改正文字与格式错误。答案：how to correct联想积累疑问词动词不定式的用法what, which, how, when, where等疑问词后面加动词不定

16、式构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。单词点津survivevt. 比活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来vi.幸免；幸存；生还教材原句Is it enough to have survived for a long time?只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？(1)survive on 靠存活下来A survive(s) B by . A比B多活survive sth. 幸免于某事；从某事中活过来(2)survivor n. 幸存者(3)survival n. 幸存；残存【特别提醒】survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空

17、Many of the peasants managed to survive _ tiny plots of corn and bean when there was nothing else to eat.They searched for _ (survive) day and night after the earthquake.Several of those _ (survive) the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.答案：onsurvivorssurviving(2)单句改错The old wo

18、man died last week and survived her husband for forty years._答案：forbydesignn& vt. 设计；图案；构思；计划教材原句The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。(1)be designed for . 为而设计be designed to do 目的是做；被设计用于做(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地on purpose 有意地；故意地(3)designer n. 设计师【即景

19、活用】单句语法填空This project _ (design) to help landless people just didnt work out as planned.These 30 lectures _ (design) to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic.She arrived just as we were leaving, but Im not sure whether this was by accident or _ design.答案：designedare designedbyfancyadj

20、. 奇特的；异样的vt. 想象；设想；爱好n. 空想；幻想；爱好教材原句The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。(1)fancy . to be/as . 认为是fancy doing sth. 想要做某事(2)catch/take sb.s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空I cant fancy _ (disturb) by such text mess

21、ages all the day.答案：being disturbed(2)完成句子She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them _ .她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。I think Sam really _ you.我想萨姆真的爱上了你。答案：caught/took her fancytakes a fancy toremovevt. 移动；搬开教材原句 . the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects fro

22、m the Amber Room.俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。remove . from . 把从移开remove from . to . 从搬到remove sb. from school 勒令某人退学remove ones doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼【即景活用】完成句子Realizing her mom must be very tired after a days work, the girl helps (to) _ .意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定很累了，女孩帮助妈妈把大衣脱了。Three children _ for bad behavior

23、yesterday.昨天有三个孩子因为行为恶劣被学校开除了。What Mr Evans did _ .伊万先生的所作所为消除了邻居们的疑虑。答案：remove her coatwere removed from schoolremoved his neighbours doubtworthn. 价值；作用prep.值得的；相当于的价值教材原句Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?重建失去的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园，是否值得？(1)be (

24、well) worth doing . (非常)值得做be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花钱/努力/一试be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)(2)be worthy 值得做be worthyofn. (be worthn.) 值得(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空He persuaded me that the picture was not worth _ (buy)His brave deeds are worthy _ praise.I dont thi

25、nk it is worthwhile _ (devote) so much time to discussing the matter.答案：buyingofdevoting/to devote(2)单句改错As far as Im concerned, his suggestion is very worth considering._答案：verywell短语点拨in search of 寻找教材原句IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM寻找琥珀屋search sth./sb. 搜查某物/搜身search forlook for 寻找search . for . 为找到而

26、搜查【即景活用】(1)单句改错They stayed in the mountains for a week searching the rare plant._答案：searching后加for(2)完成句子Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to _ survivors in an earthquake.狗嗅觉灵敏，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。Every year, many welleducated young people go to Beijing _ .每年都有许多受过良好教育的年轻人去北京找工作。答案：

27、search forin search of jobs/to search for jobsbelong to属于；是的成员；应归入教材原句However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。【特别提醒】(1)belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词(2)belong to无被动语态，不用进行时【即景活用】单句语法填空If you love some

28、one, you will like all _ (belong) to him.Having sold most of his _ (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.In my opinion, youd better put the book _ it belongs.答案：belongingbelongingswherein return作为回报教材原句In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。in retu

29、rn for . 作为的交换；作为的报答in turn 轮流；依次；相应地by turns 轮流地；交替地【即景活用】完成句子I wish I could do something _ the kindness I have received from him.我希望我能做点儿什么事来报答他对我的好。The couple will host parties _ with their friends in the coming 7day holiday.这对夫妻会在即将到来的七天假期中和朋友轮流举行聚会。答案：in return forby turns句型与语法教材原句Frederick Wil

30、liam ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。(1)句中could have done sth. 表示对过去情况的推测。(2)“情态动词have done”的用法：could have done(过去)本能做某事却未做couldnt/cant have done对过去情况的否定推测，表示“不

31、可能做了某事”must have done对过去情况的肯定推测，表示“肯定做了某事”may/might have done对过去情况的推测，表示“可能做了某事”neednt have done(过去)本不需要做却做了should have done(过去)本应做却未做shouldnt have done(过去)本不应做却做了【即景活用】完成句子He _ well through all that noise.他不可能在那种闹哄哄的环境里睡好觉。You _ , but you didnt try your best.你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。I _ before I came to

32、the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you _ the British Museum during your stay, didnt you?去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？答案：couldnt have sleptcould have done betterneednt have worriedmust have visi

33、ted教材原句There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海岸边的一个城市。(1)本句式中，that引导的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句

34、；在否定和疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。(2)which引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Jack is n

35、o longer the person _ I met five years ago.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into mouth.There is still some doubt _ he is suitable for the job.答案：whom/that/whowhichwhether(2)完成句子_staying up is more likely to result in overanxiety.毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致人过分焦虑。_ youll succeed.我相信你肯定能成功。答案：There is

36、 no doubt thatI dont doubt that/I have no doubt thatThe Amber Room belonged to one of the _1_(wonder) of the world. Originally _2_(design) for the palace of Frederick ， it took the countrys best artists about ten years to finish it. Everyone thought _3_ (high) of its style and design. Several tons o

37、f amber as well as gold and jewels _4_(use) to make it, so no wonder it was worth a lot of money. But later, the next king decided to give it as a gift to the Russian Emperor, who gave Prussia a troop of their best soldiers _5_return. _6_ (fortunate), during the Second World War, the Nazi Germany wa

38、s also at war with Russia. In 1941, Germany invaded (入侵) Russia by surprise, and the Russians had no time _7_(remove) anything from the Amber Room except some small objects. When the Nazis saw the Amber Room, there was no doubt _8_they liked it so much that they took it apart and put it on a train t

39、o Germany. Since then, the whole world _9_(be) in search of the Amber Room. No one knows what happened to it and _10_it still survives now. Maybe it will remain a mystery forever.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案：1.wonders2.designed3.highly4.were used5in6.Unfortunately7.to remove8.that9.has

40、 been10.whether/if.单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.答案：that分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。2(2017天津高考)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.答案：whose分析句子结构可知

41、，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后名词存在所属关系，故应用whose。3Mr Reed _ (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them.答案：selected由句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。select与其所修饰的Mr Reed之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此填selected。4It was clearly _(evidence) that the company was in great difficulties.答案：evidentIt is/was ev

42、ident that . 是常用句型，意为“很明显”。5Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how _(survive) without friends in life.答案：to survive“疑问词动词不定式”在本句中作表语，how to survive “怎么生存”。6I dont really fancy _ (do) business with him.答案：doingfancy doing . “想要做”。7He was severely criticized and _ (remove) from his post.答案：remove

43、dremove sb. from his post “开除某人”，此处是被动语态，因此填removed。8It is said that the early European playing cards _ (design) for entertainment and education.答案：were designedbe designed for “为而设计”。9We _(face) the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?答案：could have faced由后一分句可知，前一分句谓语应用could have done结构，

44、表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”。10All the workers _(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.答案：belonging由句子结构可知，此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式，workers与belong to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词belonging to作后置定语。belong to无被动语态。.单句改错1The boys behavior was high thought of by all the people present._答案：highhighlythink highly of . “高度评价”。2Wh

45、at can we do for them in return all the help they have given us?_答案：return后加forin return for . “作为对的回报”。3It is very worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection._答案：verywellbe well worth doing . “非常值得做”。4The rescue workers removed the stones in search for any su

46、rvivor._答案：forofin search of . “寻找”。5There is no doubt what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other job in the society._答案：doubt后加thatThere is no doubt that . “毫无疑问”。.语法填空World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March. It _1_ (start) by the LitWorld.org website

47、 in 2010 and has now reached 65 countries. The aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book. The website asks everyone _2_(celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud. It is about taking action to show the world that the rig

48、ht to read and write _3_(belong) to all people.The website asks _4_(visit) to join in the movement to reduce _5_number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world. It is _6_ (absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The website says, “Its time to start by reading aloud to _7_might like it. Sh

49、are a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, listen patiently _8_someone elses story as they share with you.” The United Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge,

50、_9_to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a _10_ (different)1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对世界朗读日进行了详细的介绍。1was started考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“in 2010”可知，此处是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；且主语It与谓语动词start之间是被动关系。故填was started。2to celebrate考查非谓语动词。ask sb.

51、 to do sth.为固定用法，意为“要某人做某事”。故填to celebrate。3belongs考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主语是the right to read and write，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且本句在叙述一般性的事实。故填belongs。4visitors考查名词的复数。此处是指网站的访问者，且表示复数概念。故填visitors。5the考查冠词。the number of . “的数量”。此处指减少不识字的人数。故填the。6absolutely考查词性转换。此处用absolute的副词形式修饰形容词necessar

52、y。故填absolutely。7whoever考查宾语从句的连接词。此句中whoever引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作主语，意为“的那些人，的任何人”。故填whoever。8to考查介词。listen是不及物动词，后接宾语时，要加介词to，意为“听”。故填to。9and考查连词。不定式“to achieve their goals”“to develop their knowledge”和“to participate fully in society”是并列顺承关系。故用连词and。10difference考查词性转换。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”。故

53、填difference。.短文改错Dear Miss Li，Im one of your student in Class Six, Senior Three. Nowadays I meet a great many difficulties when studied English. To begin with, it is very difficult of me to memorize a large number of new words. In addition, grammar is too complex to understand, that has influenced m

54、y English writing seriously. And my performance in reading and correcting are not satisfying.Faced with such a dilemma, you hope that you can give me a hand. Would you provide me with some effectively approaches? Secondly, I believe that I will have good command of what you teach, if you will slow d

55、own your speed in class. There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.Thank you.Yours，Wang Min答案：Dear Miss Li，Im one of your in Class Six, Senior Three. Nowadays I meet a great many difficulties when English. To begin with, it is very difficult me

56、to memorize a large number of new words. In addition, grammar is too complex to understand, has influenced my English writing seriously. And my performance in reading and correcting not satisfying.Faced with such a dilemma, hope that you can give me a hand. Would you provide me with some approaches?

57、 Secondly, I believe that I will have good command of what you teach, if you slow down your speed in class. There is no doubt I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.Thank you.Yours，Wang Min难项分析：第二处：studiedstudying考查非谓语动词。此处是时间状语从句的省略。由于从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词含有be的某种形式，故省略

58、了从句中的主语和be动词。when studying相当于when I am studying。第四处：thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。逗号后的句子为which引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词为grammar, which在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。第十处：whetherthat考查固定句式。There is no doubt that . “毫无疑问，”。单元加餐练.阅读理解ATo us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains, but actual

59、ly the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun!Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese in the 11th century BC.We know that the umbrella was used i

60、n ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office.In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And

61、 the umbrella was commonly used in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.During the Middle Ages, the use of umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late 16th cent

62、ury. And again it was considered as a symbol of power. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later in England.By the 18th century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe.Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter i

63、n weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made, in a whole variety of colors.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伞最初产生时的用途以及其后来的演变。1According to this passage, the umbrella was probably first invented in ancient _ .AChina BEgypt CGreece DRome答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可判断伞最初或许是在中国产生的

64、。2Which of the following statements is NOT true about the umbrella?ANo one exactly knows who the inventor of the umbrella was.BThe umbrella was first invented to be used as protection against the sun.CThe umbrella changed much in style in the 18th century.DIn Europe, the Greeks were the first to use

65、 the umbrella as a sunshade.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第一段中的“Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time”可知，一直以来，伞在风格上没有什么大的变化。3A strange feature of the umbrellas use is that it was used as _ .Aprotection against rain Ba shade against the sunCa symbol of honor and powerDwomens decoration答案：C细

66、节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“And there was a strange thing . a symbol of honor.”和最后一句“. only by those in high office.”可判断出答案。BThe history of civil engineering (土木工程) is a very important story in the development of civilization (文明). Civil engineers began practising their profession four thousand years ago.What i

67、s left of their work is the proof that they were wise. These engineers of the ancient world built entire cities. They designed systems of pipes which supplied fresh water. They built water pipelines for farmlands as well as bridges of great length. The relics of their buildings tell us much about th

68、e work of early engineers.Consider the pyramids of Egypt. They are evidence that some of the earliest engineers had great scientific ability. There is also evidence that those engineers could make lasting work of art and design. Although they lived thousands of years ago，the Egyptian engineers used

69、very exact measurements. The base of the largest pyramidthe Great Pyramid near Gizacomes to within inches of being a perfect square. The pyramid is perfectly placed. Each corner points toward the exact directions of north, south, east and west. The inside of the pyramid is filled with complicated (复

70、杂的) passages and tunnels. These lead to different rooms inside the pyramid. Many of these passages are of great length and height.The engineers of Egypt did more than design the pyramids. They also set up methods of moving and shaping the building materials. These materials were very heavy. They had

71、 to be brought from miles away and sometimes lifted several hundred feet. During the work the engineers commanded thousands of workers. The pyramids remain as evidence of the abilities of the ancient Egyptian engineers.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。土木工程的发展历史在文明进程中居重要地位。文中以埃及金字塔的土木工程建筑为例，介绍了土木工程师在建设中的重要贡献。4Forty cen

72、turies ago _ .Athere appeared civil engineers by professionBpeople began practising engineering in order to become professional engineersCcivil engineers began putting their knowledge into practiceDcivil engineers got more involved in their profession答案：C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，4,000年前，土木工程师已经开始把他们的知识运用到实践

73、中了。5The civil engineers of ancient times were wise enough to build entire cities, including _ .Asystems of pipes, bridges and machineryBpipeline systems, bridges and farmlandsCwater supply systems, bridges and pipelinesDwater supply systems, bridges and stadiums答案：C细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句可知，古代土木工程师建起的城市包括水利

74、系统、桥梁和管道等。6From the passage we know that _ .Abuilding materials were broken into small piecesBthere were no requirements for the size and shape of building materialsCEgyptian engineers were not concerned with the size and shape of building materialsDbuilding materials were processed (加工) to meet cer

75、tain requirements答案：D推理判断题。由第三段第六句“The pyramid is perfectly placed.”和第四段第二句“They also set up methods of moving and shaping the building materials.”可推知，人们对建筑材料进行加工以满足某种需要。7The passage can be best titled “_ ”AEvidence of Human CivilizationBEarly Civil EngineersCAncient Architecture (建筑)DDevelopment of

76、 Civil Engineering答案：A标题判断题。整篇文章主要在讲述人类文明的证据。B项局限于早期的土木工程师，不够全面；C项局限于古代建筑；D项指土木工程的发展。.七选五(2017全国卷)Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. _1_ , there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now._2_ . Tell the person youre sorry

77、and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. _3_ . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions

78、.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office. _4_ , its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. _5_ . If someone knocks

79、and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.AIf youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noBWhen you want to avoid interruptions at workCSet boundaries for yourself as far as y

80、our time goesDIf youre in the other persons office or in a public areaEIts important that you let them know when youll be availableFIt might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youGLeave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何避免工作时受到打扰提出了

81、几点建议。1B空格后说“有几种方法来处理这些情况”，B项“当你想在工作中避免受到打扰时”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。2A设空处位于段首，根据后文提到的告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做以及另约时间可知，本段是讲述在自己很忙的时候不要不好意思拒绝，故选A项。3E空格前说“当人们试图打扰你时，你要确定好时间，让他们知道什么时候回来找你或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮你消除未来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。4D空格前的“in your own office”与D项中的“in the other persons office”相对

82、应。D项“如果你在别人的办公室或者公共区域”与空格后的内容衔接紧密，故为答案。5G根据空格前的“如果你的办公室有门，那么就好好利用它”可知，本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰。故选G项。.语法填空Cultural relics are a part of history, and represent peoples cultural treasures. Therefore, it is important for us to protect _1_ (they)_2_we know, most cultural relics are really valuable because

83、they have seen _3_history of our country, _4_allow us to have a better understanding of our countrys history and culture. We can also learn a lot from our ancestors (祖先) and feel proud of being a Chinese person while _5_(enjoy) these valuable treasures. In addition, we are able to develop tourism an

84、d promote the economy when the well _6_(protect) cultural relics are open to public.However, some cultural relics _7_(damage) by people now. For example, buildings carved (雕刻) _8_peoples names can be seen here and there. There is no doubt that more valuable historical relics will disappear if people

85、 keep destroying them.Therefore, it is high time that we should take measures to protect cultural relics. To begin with, we can make speeches and put up posters _9_(educate) people how important it is to protect cultural relics. Besides, money can be collected to have some buildings repaired.In a wo

86、rd, _10_is our duty to spare no effort to protect cultural relics.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过阐释文化遗产的重要性，号召人们采取措施积极保护文化遗产。1them考查代词。设空处作protect的宾语，故用宾格。2As考查定语从句的引导词。as we know “正如我们所知”，此处as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代主句内容。3the考查冠词。the history of our country “我们国家的历史”，the在此表特指。4whic

87、h考查定语从句的引导词。which此处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明cultural relics，且在从句中作主语。5enjoying考查非谓语动词。此处为时间状语从句的省略。由于从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be的某种形式，故将从句中的主语和be动词省略。while enjoying相当于while we are enjoying。6protected考查词性转换。protected “受保护的”，为形容词，修饰后面的cultural relics。7are being damaged考查动词的时态和语态。由句中时间状语now可知，用现在进行时，由cultural relics与d

88、amage之间为被动关系可知，用被动语态，故此处用现在进行时的被动语态。8with考查介词。be carved with . “被雕刻有”。9to educate考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式表目的。10it考查代词。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to spare no effort to protect cultural relics。.书面表达假如你叫李华，你的美国朋友Teddy即将到中国来旅游，他对中国的古文化遗址很感兴趣，尤其是对长城向往已久，请你给Teddy写一封100词左右的email，向他简要介绍一下有关长城的情况：1.长城位于中国北部，全长约6,700公里，1987

89、年被列入世界遗产名录；2.长城从秦朝开始修建，修建长城的最初目的是抵御外来敌人进攻；3.长城是古代劳动人民创造的奇迹，是人类历史上最伟大的工程之一。参考词汇：世界遗产名录the World Heritage List；奇迹wonderDear Teddy，_Wish you all the best. Hope to see you soon!Yours，Li Hua标准范文Dear_Teddy，I am glad to hear that you will come to China. Youve told me that you are very interested in ancient

90、 Chinese cultural relics, especially the Great Wall. Now, I will tell you something about the Great Wall. The Great Wall lies in the northern part of China, which is about 6,700 kilometers long. In 1987, it was added to the World Heritage List. The Great Wall was built in the Qin Dynasty to prevent the enemies invading the inner part. The Great wall is a wonder that was built by the ancient Chinese working people and it is also one of the greatest wonders in the history of human beings.Wish_you_all_the_best._Hope_to_see_you_soon!Yours，Li_Hua