2020年高中英语 Unit 2 Understanding each other 词汇讲解习题 牛津译林版选择性必修第四册.doc

1、词汇讲解+练习Part 1 单词拓展1. react vi. 作出反应，回应拓展：react vi. 作出反应，回应reaction n. 反应，回应reactive adj. 反应的；起反应的【同】 respond v. 回答；作出反应response n. 反应；回答2.gentle adj. 温柔的，平和的拓展：gentle adj. 温柔的，平和的gently adv.温柔地；温和地petent adj. 能干的;胜任的拓展：competence n. 能力,胜任;技能,本领competent adj. 能干的;胜任的4. obtain v. 获得；赢得拓展：【同】obtain/acq

2、uire/gain vt. 获得,得到5. account for.的原因 account n. C描述,叙述;解释,说明;账户 vt. 认为 vi. 解释;占拓展： account for 说明原因；做出解释；占比例on account of 由于；因为on no account 绝不take account of/take.into account 考虑take.into consideration 考虑take no account of 对不加考虑自测默写【温馨贴士】on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的短语还包括：by no means,

3、 in no way, in no case, on no condition, under no circumstances, at no time等。【即时训练】I. 语法填空(1)(2018全国)According to the World Bank, China accounts _ about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.(2)The flight was postponed _ account of bad weather.II. 完成句子(3)(2019天津)这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机

4、。The professor warned the students that on no account _ mobile phones in his class.(4)Everything_ (考虑), the plan is quite practical.(5)The poor weather may have _ (是的原因) the small crowd.(6)She retired early _ (由于) her health.(7)The company_(考虑) environmental issues wherever possible.【参考答案】 (1)for (2

5、)on (3)should they use (4)taken into account (5)accounted for (6)on account of (7)takes account of 6. approve v. 赞成，同意approval n. 赞成,同意; 批准,通过拓展： 自测默写give ones approval to批准approve of (ones) doing.赞同,支持(某人)做approve (doing) sth.批准(做)某事【温馨贴士】approve作“批准”讲时,常用作及物动词;作“赞成”讲时,常用approve of。【即时训练】语境串词His fa

6、ther showed his to his way to solve the problem by smiling while his mother did not of his carrying out the plan.【参考答案】（1）approval（2）approve7. prefer vt. 更喜欢 preference n. 偏爱；倾向；优先权 preferable adj. 更好的， 更可取的；更合意的 拓展： 自测默写prefer to do/doing sth. 更喜欢做prefer sb. to do.喜欢/宁愿某人做prefer+that-clause 宁愿(从句用“

7、(should+)动词原形”)和相比更喜欢做宁愿做而不做preference n. 偏爱;喜爱have a preference to 优先考虑in preference to 优先于【即时训练】. 同义句转换She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(1) (用prefer doing.改写句子)(2) (用would rather do.改写句子)(3) (用would do.改写句子)【参考答案】 (1) She preferred going with us to staying behind.(2) She would r

8、ather go with us than stay behind.(3) She would go with us rather than stay behind. 语境串词My brother _(宁愿）to be home early, but I _（宁愿在外面玩）He_(宁愿）stay at home_（而不愿）_go out. I tell him that you_(偏爱)English but you shouldnt overlook other activities, which can help you gain experience.【参考答案】 (1) prefers

9、(2) prefer to play outside (3) prefers to; rather than(4) have a preference for /prefer to study English/prefer studying English8. embarrassed adj. 尴尬的,不好意思的,难为情的拓展：embarrassed adj. 尴尬的,不好意思的,难为情的embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的embarrassment n. 窘迫，尴尬9. intention n. U,C意图;目的;企图have no intention to do sth./of d

10、oing sth. 无意做某事with the intention of 抱有目的；打算without intention 无意中；不是故意地by intention 故意地intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事be intended for 专为设计had intended to do sth./intended to have done 本打算做某事自测默写【温馨贴士】intend，hope，expect，mean，plan，suppose，want等表示“打算”，“希望”，“预料”；“计划”，“想”的动词，它们的“过去完成时动词不定式” “一般过去时完成时不定式”，意

11、为“原本打算/ 希望/想”。【即时训练】. 语境串词(1)I never _ things to turn out the way they did and I had left with the _ of finding a better job for her.(intend). 语法填空(2)Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasnt intended him.(3)I intended (join) in a Dragon Boat Training Camp.(4)The law (intend)to protect youn

12、g and impressionable viewers.(5)Peter _(intend)to take a job in business, but gave up.(同义句转换)(6)Peter intended a job in business, but gave up.【参考答案】 (1)intended intenyion (2)for(3)to join/joining(4)is intended (5)had intended (6)to have taken10. correspond vi. 通信;相一致,符合;相当于拓展： 自测默写correspond to/with

13、和相符,与一致correspond with与通信correspond to与相当/相称correspondence n. 通信,通信联系;关系,联系correspondent n. 记者,通讯员corresponding adj. 相应的,由此引起的;相似的;相符合的;对应的correspondingly adv. 相应地【即时训练】.语境串词1.在他们初次见面之前，他已经和她通信联系好几年了。 但在她母亲去世后，她停止了和他的通信。He had been in with her for several years before they firstly met. But she stopp

14、ed with him after the death of her mother.【参考答案】 (1) correspondence(2) corresponding2.With the disposable chopsticks and the fall in tree, the environment has been damaged.(correspond)【参考答案】 (1) corresponding(2) correspondingly. 完成句子（1）（新概念三第57课时）他所看到的与他所期望看到的完全不相符。Nothing he saw what he had expecte

15、d to see.（2）（新概念三第45课时）如果你的预测与真实的足球比分相符，你就能赢很多钱。If your predictions real football scores, you can win lots of money.【参考答案】(1) corresponded to(2)correspond to11. behave vi. & vt. 表现拓展：behave oneself 守规矩；举止有礼behave well/badly (towards sb.) 举止良好/糟糕(对某人)well-behaved adj. 表现好的badly-behaved adj. 表现差的behav

16、iour n. U行为；举止；态度自测默写【即时训练】语境串词We were surprised to find that the most naughty boy whose _ was always bad in our class was _ himself on the special occasion and acted as a wellbehaved gentleman.(behaviour)【参考答案】 behaviour behaving 12. tolerate vt. 容忍;允许拓展： 自测默写tolerate doing sth. 忍受做某事tolerant adj.

17、忍受的;忍让的be tolerant towards/to sth./sb. 对容忍/宽容; be tolerant of sb./sth. 对容忍/宽容tolerance n. 容忍, 忍受, 宽恕toleration n. 容忍, 忍受, 宽容【即时训练】语境串词一些专家认为 我们应该用包容一些无心之过，但是决不能包容犯罪者，因为如果我们包容了他们的非法交易，这个世界就会一片混乱。换句话说，我们对于违法行为决不能容忍。In some experts opinion, we should be _ of some unintentional offense, but hold zero_ t

18、o criminals, because if we _ their doing illegal business, the world will be in a mess. In other words, we should never be _ deeds that violate the law.【参考答案】 tolerant of; tolerance; tolerate; tolerant towards13.oppose vt. 反对,抵制,阻挠;与竞争拓展： 自测默写oppose A against/to B 使A与B相对抗oppose doing sth.反对做某事be opp

19、osed to反对(=object to)as opposed to与相对照【温馨贴士】短语be opposed to中的to是介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。【即时训练】.语境串词许多人赞成这个计划。 然而，其他人强烈反对执行这项计划。 现在，反对该计划的人被要求提出更好的计划。Many people are in favor of the plan. However, others are strongly to carrying out this plan. Now, those the plan are requested to put forward better ones.【参

20、考答案】 (1) opposed(2) opposing. 完成句子（外研版新教材必修第三册）“白画”在唐代的文字中用来描述用水墨作底纹的单色画，与全彩画相对照。Baihua is used in Tang texts to describe monochrome painting with ink shading, full colour painting.【参考答案】as opposed to Part 2 单词练习1. I _(作出反应) to that thing to express my attitudes.2. Your _(反馈)is of great significance

21、.3. This clothes doesnt _(适合)me.4. It is hard to _(达成协议)with the boss.5. _(坦诚的)as the promise is, it is difficult to make it come true. 6. _(摩擦)is hard to avoid. 7. The boy is charming due to his _(共情).8. Your _(同情。赞同)doesnt matter.9. I feel extremely_(尴尬的)to finish this task. 10. I _(表现)myself in the party. 11. I cant _(忍受) the situation like this. 12. You should be optimistic instead of being _.(悲观的)答案;1. react 2.feedback 3. suit 4. negotiate 5. Straightforward 6. Friction 7. empathy 8. sympathy 9. embarrassed 10. behave 11. tolerate 12. pessimistic