2019高考英语一轮优练题Unit1Culturalrelics含解析新人教版必修2.doc

1、Cultural relics李仕才(必修2Unit 1)【短文语法填空】In China,the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years.As early as the Shang Dynasty,bamboo was being used in ancient peoples daily lives.It was used for food,clothing,housing,transportation,1. (music) instruments and even

2、 weapons.The 2. (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling.In 251 BC,Li Bing,in Sichuan,3. (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs,the first irrigation network in the world,in which bamboo played 4. important role.The worlds oldest water pipe was also 5. (make) of bamboo.

3、During the Han Dynasty,the people in Sichuan 6. (success) sank a 1,600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes.This technology did not spread to Europe 7. the 19th century,and it was by using the technology 8. the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.In Chinese culture,bamboo

4、 is well-known as 9. of the “four gentlemen” in plants.To many distinguished men,bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty.It is always closely related to people of positive spirits.Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when 10. (face) tough situations.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了竹子在中

5、国的广泛应用及竹子所代表的含义。1.musical考查词性转换。根据词法知识可知,名词instruments前面应用music的形容词形式来修饰,表示“乐器”。故填musical。2.application考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,该空在句中充当主语,应用apply的名词形式application,表示竹子在科学技术方面的运用。故填application。3.led考查动词时态。根据时间状语In 251 BC可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;且lead与其主语Li Bing之间是主谓关系。故填led。4.an考查冠词。play a/an.role in为固定短语,意为“在

6、方面起作用”;由于important是以元音音素开头的,故用不定冠词an。5.made考查动词语态。be made of为固定短语,意为“由制成”;此处表示世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的,符合语境。故填made。6.successfully考查词性转换。此处应用success的副词形式修饰动词sank。故填successfully。7.until考查连词。根据语境可知,这个技术直到19世纪才传到欧洲。not.until.意为“直到才”,符合语境。故填until。8.that考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知,本句为“It is/was+被强调部分+that.”的强调句结构,此处应用that,强

7、调方式状语 by using the technology。故填that。9.one考查代词。根据常识可知,在中国文化中,竹子是植物中的“四君子”之一。one of意为“之一”,符合语境。故填one。10.facing考查省略。分析句子结构可知,在when引导的时间状语从句中,face与其逻辑主语people之间为主谓关系,故此处应用face的动词-ing形式,从句中省略了主语people和be动词are。故填facing。.阅读理解A(2016合肥第一次质检)When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the souther

8、n parts of America,they brought along with them aspects of their own culturereligion,dance,language,music,and cuisine.A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston,and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful

9、hymns(圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”,which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many bla

10、ck musicians became an important part of the music industry.The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa,but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that,in the 1950s,eventually led to the

11、 beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles,the most influential band of the 1960s,are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surroun

12、ding music.It was not just music any more,but a lifestyle.Over the decades,music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified,with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of t

13、he music and the fans,as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However,criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production,and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.1.What contribu

14、ted to the birth of the Charleston?A.Various African religions.B.Peoples love of tribal dances.C.A mix of two different cultures.D.The popularity of sorrowful hymns.2.According to the passage,what can we learn about the blues?A.It became popular in the late 20th century.B.It may include the descript

15、ion of slaves sad lives.C.It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.D.It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.3.What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to?A.Slaves collective work.B.One region of West Africa.C.The new common culture.D.The music by the

16、 Beatles.4.It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century .A.possessed soul and sincerityB.became more commercializedC.was blamed for its mass productionD.widened the gap between musicians and fansBFor many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home

17、filled with housework，meals and childcare.Even for those with a happy family life，home can sometimes feel more taxing than work.In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol(皮质醇) released in response to stress，in a majority of subje

18、cts when they were at work compared to when they were at home.This was true for both men and women，and parents and people without children.Both men and women showed less stress at work.But women were more likely to report feeling happier there.Men were more likely to feel happier at home.Experts say

19、 there are other reasons why work is less stressful than home for many.“Paid work is more valued in society，” says Sarah Damaske, the lead researcher on the study.“Household work is boring and not particularly rewarding.”We get better at our job with time and the increased competence means less stre

20、ss and more rewards，Yet none of us，no matter how long weve been doing it，ever truly feels like an expert at parenting or even at marriage.The support and friendship of coworkers also offer stress relief.At home，meanwhile，stress spreads and accumulates quickly.“Thats the reason why most housewives wi

21、sh they were the bread earners，” Dr.Damaske says.Much of the advice to families and couples includes the warning to leave work stress at the office and even to change our mindset from work to home，for example，a walk around the block.The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，m

22、ight be due for some change.1Which of the following can replace the underlined word “taxing”？AstressfulBcheerfulCworthwhile Drewarding2What did the research in the second paragraph prove?AMen felt better at home.BWomen felt they had less time.CWomen were easier to feel happier.DMost people felt more

23、 stress at home.3What do most people think of work at the office?AIt is competitive.BIt improves ability.CIt cant relieve stress.DIt doesnt always pay off.4According to the recent findings，what should we change to solve the problem mentioned?AOur attitude. DOur mindset.COur home life. DOur working s

24、tyle.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明越来越多的人认为上班比在家做家务、做饭和带孩子更轻松一些。【难句分析】In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol (皮质醇)released in response to stress, in a majority of subjects when they were at work compared to when they were at home.分析

25、：这是一个复合句。第一个when引导时间状语从句。第二个when引导宾语从句，做to后边的宾语。译文：在一项新的研究中，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现，比起在家里，大多数人在工作的时候，面对压力，他们的皮质醇水平显著且连续地降低。1A考查词义猜测。本题可利用句意推断法及语境分析法解题。根据第一段第一句“For many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home filled with housework，meals and childcare”可知，很多人认为与在家做家务、

26、做饭和带孩子相比，工作像野餐一样。言外之意，上班比在家轻松，在家比上班更有压力。故选A。cheerful“快乐的，令人愉快的”；worthwhile“值得做的”；rewarding“值得做的，有意义的”。2D考查细节理解。本题可利用分析长难句法解题。根据第二段内容可知，研究发现：比起在家里，大多数人在工作的时候，面对压力，他们的皮质醇水平显著且连续地降低，这项研究证明大多数人感觉在家更有压力。故选D。3B考查细节理解。根据第四段的第一句“We get better at our job with time and the increased competence.rewards”可知，随着时间

27、的推移，大多数的人在工作中能提高能力。故选B。4C考查细节理解。根据最后一段的最后一句“The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，might be due for some change”可知，我们的家庭生活得以改变才能解决问题。故选C。.七选五阅读In my neighbourhood,Ive seen corner stores robbed by teenagers and people beaten on the street.Ive had my house robbed three times

28、.Im sick of it!Since the seventh grade,Ive found a safe haven(避难所) at the Boys & Girls Clubs of Greater Milwaukee after school.Someone told me that they had a football team,and thats why I started going.1 Its so nice to know that I can go in and talk to them about anything that is bothering me.One d

29、ay,La Ketta,a senior program manager at the club,heard us talking about how frustrated we were by the violence.La Ketta said,“Why dont we make a documentary about it?”2 We talked about why the violence is happening,how it is affecting our neighbourhood,and what we can do to put an end to it.Finally,

30、we were able to premiere(首次公演) it at a real theaterin front of a sold-out crowd of about 1,000 people!I felt like a celebrity(名人).The local TV news channel interviewed me,which made my heart race.And in the Q&A session after the movie,a 5-year-old boy went up to the microphone and asked,“How can I b

31、e more like you?”3Since the premiere,Ive seen so many new faces at the Boys & Girls Clubs,which means that our message got through to some parents.But thats not the only effect.4This experience has taught me that you don t have to be an adult to make change.You dont need to be an elected official ei

32、ther.5 You might feel timid(胆怯的),but trust me:You have more power than you think.A.It was the sweetest thing ever.B.Usually,though,Im too busy watching my back.C.I wish I could let my mind wander to a football play.D.You can get up one day and decide to make the world a better place.E.But once I joi

33、ned the club,the people there started to feel like families to me.F.Weve gotten calls from people across the country who want to show our movie!G.She found people to teach us to use video equipment,and then we interviewed some community members.短文改错(2017石家庄教学质量检测一)Recently,a famous basketball player

34、 has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact,this happens in many place of interest.I had some suggestions to solve this problem.First,make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦).Besides,punishments,such as a fine,is necessary to tourists with so bad behav

35、iors.Also,I think its helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.Im sure with our efforts,more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.考点规范训练(必修2Unit 1)【短文语法填空】.阅读理解A【解题导语】当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时,他们也带来了自己的文化宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。本

36、文主要讲的是音乐在文化融合中的发展。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston.”可知,两种文化的混合促进了查尔斯顿舞的出现。故选C项。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called t

37、he blues.”可知,对在恶劣的气候和条件下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues”。故选B项。3.C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“.they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened.”可知,他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C项。4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“.and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music

38、 that was rising in the early 20th century.”可知,选A项。B.【解题导语】本文是记叙文。一位高中生与俱乐部成员一起制作纪录片反对社会暴力。1.EE项与下文的“Its so nice to know that I can go in and talk to them about anything that is bothering me.”相呼应。2.GG项与上文的“Why dont we make a documentary about it.”及下文的“We talked about.”相呼应。3.AA项中的It指代上文的“.a 5-year-ol

39、d boy went up to the microphone and asked,How can I be more like you?”。4.FF项与上文的“But thats not the only effect.”相呼应,说明首次公演不仅在当地引起了轰动,而且引起了全国范围内的关注。5.DD项与上文的“.you dont have to be an adult to make change.You dont need to be an elected official either.”相呼应,说明改变世界无须等待,应该即刻行动。.Recently,a famous basketbal

40、l player has caused public by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact,this happens in many of interest.I some suggestions to solve this problem.First,make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦).Besides,punishments,such as a fine,necessary to tourists with bad behaviors.Also,I think its to put up some boards along the tourist attractions tourists can leave messages.Im sure with our efforts,more and more people will become about protecting cultural relics.