新教材2022届新高考英语外研版一轮复习课件：选择性必修 第一册 UNIT 6　NURTURING NATURE .ppt

1、Unit 6Nurturing nature主题:人与自然子话题:保护自然对应教材:必修第一册Unit 6At one with nature;必修第二册Unit 6Earth first;选择性必修第一册Unit 6Nurturing nature;选择性必修第二册Unit 5A delicate world;选择性必修第三册 Unit 5Learning from natureStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2018全国卷)Cities,usually have a good reason for being where they are,like a nearby p

2、ort or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,for example,is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities

3、develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896,Dawson,Canada,was unmapped wilderness(荒野).But gold was discovered there in 1897,and two years later,it was one of the largest cities in the West,with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the

4、natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩)once closed the path,killin

5、g 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food a

6、nd wood were very expensive.But soon,the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down,and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska,they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today,people still

7、come and goto see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson Cityits present population is 762.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与国家地理有关的单词和短语。_2.现在越来越多的地方城市化(urbanization),你对此现象有什么看法?_cities,port,river,suited to communications and trade,harbour,snow-coveredmountains I think urban

8、ization can create more job opportunities for the unemployed.Inaddition,urbanization will free a great number of farmers from the fields,thusrealizing the dream of agricultural mechanization in our country.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.operator n.经营者,操作员;技工;管理者;话务员【典型例句】The restaurant operator and franchi

9、ser provided the latest sales results.餐厅经营者和特许商提供了最新销售数据。【词块必记】operate against违背;对不利operate from在运营operate on/upon 产生作用;给动手术【巧学助记】operator 是由动词operate 去e加后缀-or构成的名词。operate意思是“操作;运转;经营;动手术”。如:Its too difficult for him to operate this new sophisticated machine.对他来说,操作这台复杂的新机器太难了。【构词法】operate去e加-ion构成

10、operation n.手术;操作。【语境速测】单句语法填空I had to go through the _(operate)to get a connection.The company is presently _(operate)from London,but is planning to move to the country.This famous doctor has operated _many important people.The general operated _a tent on the battlefield.Now regular bus services op

11、erate _the two cities.operatoroperatingonfrombetween【写作金句】As with many people in the Foreign Office,he is a smooth operator and able to avoid conflict.和外交部的许多人一样,他是一个很圆滑的人,能够避免冲突。2.wander v.徘徊【典型例句】He likes to wander over the countryside.他喜欢在乡间漫步。【词块必记】wander the world 漫游世界wander from place to place

12、浪迹江湖wander all over the country走遍全国wander aimlessly in a strange land 漂泊异乡wander from the subject离开正题【语境速测】单句语法填空I was _(wander)through the street when I caught sight of my old friend.The river wanders _some beautiful country.When the children left home,she was used to wandering _ the house as if sh

13、ed lost something.I thought the kid was still right next to me,but he must have wandered _while I wasnt looking.wanderingthrougharound/aboutaway3.favour n.支持,赞同,偏爱【典型例句】He spoke at the meeting in favour of the plan.他在会上发言赞成这个计划。【词块必记】do sb.a favour 帮某人忙do sb.the favour to do sth.帮某人做某事ask a favour o

14、f sb.请求某人帮忙in favour of赞成;支持;对有利win ones favour 赢得某人的好感【构词法】favour+ablefavourable adj.赞许的;有利的;讨人喜欢的;良好的。favour+-edfavoured在表示“有利的(条件或地位等)”的意义时,一般可用favourable代替;有时favourite也有这一含义。此外,它还可表示“受优惠的,优惠的”。favour+-itefavourite作形容词时,主要表示“最受人喜欢的”。它还可用作名词,表示“最受人喜欢的人或物”。【语境速测】完成句子Most educators are _distance lea

15、rning.大多数教育家支持远程教育。We have to apply the same rules to everyone,_.我们不得不对每一个人都施于同样的准则,不带任何偏爱。The miniskirt rapidly made its way into _.迷你裙迅速得到了普遍的喜爱。in favour ofshowing no favouruniversal favour【拓展训练】Chinese export commodities have _among buyers abroad.中国出口商品越来越受到国外顾客们的欢迎。This country cannot have the

16、treatment of _clause.这个国家不能享有最惠国条款上的待遇。【写作金句】As far as Joes suggestion about saving money is concerned,Im all in favour of it.就乔的关于省钱的建议而言,我是一百个赞成。enjoyed growing favourthe most-favoured-nation4.disturb v.干扰,扰乱【典型例句】She was disturbed to hear of her mothers sudden illness.她获悉母亲突然得病后感到心神不宁。【巧学助记】distu

17、rb,bother,trouble,worry的区别disturb用 于 被 动 时,被 扰 乱 的 意 思 较 强,甚 至 可 指 精 神 错 乱(mentally disturbed);用于主动时,打扰的意思较弱,指无意中、并非存心地打扰他人。还可表示改变通常的或自然的状态。bother用于被动时指受时有时无的小事打扰,用于主动时带有故意打扰他人的意思。trouble指麻烦别人而影响他人舒适、方便、心境的平静等。worry指因担心某事的结果而焦虑不安。【语境速测】单句语法填空We were all deeply _(disturb)when we heard the news.His ca

18、t calls out all night,which is rather _(disturb).完成句子Dont trouble trouble until _.不要自找麻烦。The doctor told us that _.医生告诉我们没什么可担心的。The spread of COVID-19 _(扰乱了国内外所有的人们).disturbeddisturbingtrouble troubles youthere was nothing to worry aboutdisturbs all the people at home and abroad.核心短语5.catch ones ey

19、es 引起某人注意【典型例句】Can you catch that girls eye(s)?你能引起那位女孩的注意吗?【词块必记】catch ones attention 引起某人的注意catch sb.doing撞见某人在做某事catch up with赶上catch hold of抓住catch sight of看到;注意到catch at 想抓住;渴望获得catch on 受欢迎;理解;流行【语境速测】完成句子A red pencil-mark on the fifth page _ 第5页上的一处红笔印迹引起了他的注意。The police caught the released p

20、risoner _.释放犯偷自行车时被警察当场抓住。What the delivery guy was doing during the period of COVID-19 _(引起了人们的注意).caught his eye(s).stealing a bicyclecaughtpeoples eyes6.bring.to life 使苏醒,使复活【典型例句】The medicine quickly brought her to life.这药很快就使她苏醒过来。【词块必记】bring to light 揭露bring.to an end使结束bring.under control使得到控

21、制bring.to a stop 使停止【语境速测】完成句子 Nobody could _(使他复活).I was worried she would walk out or _the interview _(终止).The newly found papers will _(揭示)what really happened.bring him(back)to lifebringto an end/a stopbring to light7.be about to do 将要做【典型例句】He came just as the bus was about to leave.汽车刚要开他就赶来了。

22、【巧学助记】be about to do表示即将发生的动作,在时间上指最近的将来。不与时间状语连用be to do表示事先商定、安排或准备要做的事情,也可以表示可能性、必要、责任、义务、禁止等be going to do表示将要发生的事情或打算最近要进行的动作【知识拓展】be(just)about to do.when.相当于be just going to do.when.或be on the point of doing sth.when.,表示“正要做这时(突然)”。had just done.when.刚做完这时。doing.when.正在做这时(突然)【语境速测】单句语法填空Fran

23、k was _to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor.We were doing our homework _the light went out.I _(travel)only two hours one day when the winds increased.I _(walk)along the road next to the river when I saw a little girl fall through the ice.The students are _(meet)at the school gate tom

24、orrow.The new school year is about _(begin).He was _ the point of leaving for somewhere when the bell suddenly rang.aboutwhenhad travelledwas walking(going to)to meetto beginon【写作金句】An agreement was about to be reached when the other side raised new issues.快要达成协议的时候,对方又节外生枝。.经典句式8.How to protect the

25、 delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.怎样保护脆弱的生态系统是最令人担忧的事情之一。【典型例句】How to leave for London has not been decided yet.怎样出发去伦敦还没有决定下来。【巧学助记】动词不定式前可用what,who,which,where,when,how,why等疑问词构成不定式短语,这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等句子成分。该句式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。常用这种结构的动词有ask,discuss,decide,explain,forget,find out,know,l

26、earn,remember,show,tell,wonder等。【语境速测】完成句子(用疑问词+to do)_on Sunday is not known.还不知道周日是否去爬山。I dont know _我不知道对此该说些什么。The question was _ 问题是到哪里去修理一下这台机器。Mr Smith didnt know _ 史密斯先生不知道选哪一个。Whether to go climbingwhat to say to that.where to get the machine fixed.which to choose.9.We even moved 140,000 sq

27、uare metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.为了保护其独特的生态系统,我们甚至把140 000平方米的湿地搬到了一个新的地面。【典型例句】He and Jane decided to leave in order to avoid any more unpleasantness.他和简决定离开,以避免更多的不快。【巧学助记】in order to引导目的状语,意思是“为了,目的是”,相当于so as to。in order to的否定形式是in order not to。so a

28、s to的否定形式是so as not to。注意so as to不能放在句首。in order to可以改写为in order that,从而形成目的状语从句。so as to可以改写为so that,从而形成目的状语从句;这时往往需要加情态动词can/could/may/might。【语境速测】完成句子_we should study hard now.为了将来能更好地为人民服务,我们现在应该努力学习。He left early _.他走得很早,为的是上学不迟到。句式升级I spoke aloud so that I could be heard by everyone.I spoke a

29、loud _.In order to serve people better in the futurein order not to/so as not to be late for schoolin order to/so as to/to be heard by everyone【备选要点】The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.自从离开西宁,火车一直在平稳地奔驰着。【典型例句】Doctors have been researching what effect stand-up and other for

30、ms of comedy have on us.医生们一直在研究单口喜剧以及其他形式的喜剧对我们会产生什么样的影响。【巧学助记】have/has been+现在分词现在完成进行时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,强调这个动作可能会继续下去,常与all day,all this morning,all these years,for+时间段连用have/has+过去分词现在完成时表示事情发生在过去,并一直持续到现在,且过去发生的动作对现在有一定影响,常与already,yet,never,so far,up till now,recently 等连用【语境速测】完成句子He _since he

31、 came to the USA.自从他来到美国就一直在说英语。We _for over a month now.到目前为止,我们一直在处理这个项目,已经花了一个多月时间了。The Chinese _for two thousand years.中国有2 000年的造纸历史。Yet it was only the beginning of the battle.Since she arrived in Wuhan,Li Lanjuan _.但这只是战疫的开始。自抵达武汉,李兰娟便马不停蹄地工作了起来。has been speaking Englishhave been working on t

32、his projecthave been making paperhas been working nonstopStep 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020 天津高考)Asking _ favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter,especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.2.(2020浙江高考)The curtains are _to open,and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tel

33、l you the story.3.(2019全国卷)However,I soon discover that much has changed since the days of _(disturb)reports of camps among tons of rubbish.aaboutdisturbing4.(2018天津高考)It seldom occurred to them _(wander)a bit,to take a moment to see whats around them.5.(2018北京高考)The state also cleared the way for c

34、ompanies to sell or rent out self-driving cars,and for companies _(operate)driverless taxi services.to wanderto operate.完成句子1.Some online surveys have suggested that a host of social issues ranging from employment and social security to the widening wealth gap are _ 一些在线调查表明,就业、社会治安、不断扩大的贫富差距等一系列社会问

35、题是民众最关心的问题。among the topconcerns of the public.2.His father likes playing chess with him _.他父亲喜欢在空闲时和他下棋。3.All these years they _our magazine.这些年来,他们一直为我们杂志写稿。4._becomes a daily discussion topic.如何处理日益上涨的生活开销成了人们日常讨论的话题。5.I obeyed his order but only _.我只是在惩罚的威胁下才遵照他的命令去做的。at his leisurehave been con

36、tributing articles toHow to deal with the rising cost of livingunder threat of punishment.语法填空Life could not go on if there were no plants.This is because plants can makefood from air,water and sunlight.Animals and man cannot do so.Animals and manget their food 1._eating plants,too.Therefore,animals

37、 and man need plants in order 2._(live).If you look 3._(care)at the plants around you,you will find that thereare many types of plants.Some plants are large 4._others are small.There aretwo main types of plants:flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Most plants do not grow from seeds.They grow fr

38、om spores(孢子).Somespores are so small and light 5._they can float in the air.When these spores fallon wet and 6._(shade)places,they usually grow into new plants.byto livecarefullywhilethatshadyYou have already known some 7._(know)about trees.But do youknow why trees are very important to human being

39、s?First of all,most people are infavour of the idea that how 8._(protect)the delicate ecosystem was amongthe top concerns.Trees play an important part in this system and benefit our health.They send out oxygen for us to breathe.We cant live without trees.Secondly,treescan 9._(beauty)our environment.

40、As we all know,people have 10._(cut)down trees for many years.So we must plant as many trees aspossible.We must enforce the tree protection laws.Only in this way can we livehappily in the splendid world.knowledgeto protectbeautifybeen cutting【易错误区】第10题考生容易误填过去分词cut。(1)误导原因:没有考虑到砍伐这一动作至今还没有停止这个事实,或者没

41、有想到现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别。(2)去伪存真:现在完成时表示到目前为止已经完成,而现在完成进行时表示到目前为止还在进行,还会进行下去。直击高考培养思维品质核心素养通过介绍世界遗产的三种类型,即世界文化遗产、世界文化与自然双重遗产、世界自然遗产,引导学生感受自然文化遗产的魅力,使学生产生保护自然环境和自然遗产的意识,做到人与自然和谐相处高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解B;2020新高考全国卷完形填空;2019全国卷完形填空;2019全国卷完形填空;2019江苏高考完形填空;2019全国卷语法填空.话题与阅读理解(2021广东模拟)My mother always said,“You yo

42、ung men should explore your own country before stepping out into the world.”It seemed like a tough task.But luckily for me,Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an

43、inexpensive ticket.Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin.I jumped on board the passenger vessel(车厢)like it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter.The train headed west in search of our first destination the scenic town of

44、 Banff,Alberta.After just an hour on the train,desperation already came on me.The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.As I gazed out towards Lake Superiors glistening(闪闪发亮)waves,I decided if I was to be stuck in here,I would need to enjoy my time.Those three days turned into

45、a summer camp on rails.Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.Stops were made in small,remote railroad villages.A large group of strangers turned travelling companions would rush towards the villages to reward our endless patience with local cuisine.At night,we would walk to the

46、glass-domed(玻璃穹顶)train car,which gave a scenic view of the night sky,untouched by light pollution.After three days,we arrived in Banff.Before my adventure of taking the train across Canada,if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination,I would have.But that is no longer true.Ive l

47、earned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历,作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注旅途中的快乐。1.What made the authors train trip possible?A.The attraction of the splendid scenery.B.A time-limited ticket offer for youths.C.The encouragement from his mother.D.His determinatio

48、n to face the tough tasks.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段内容“但我很幸运,加拿大的Via Rail为18到25岁的青年提供在2017年7月穿越加拿大的火车旅行的机会。我听到这个机会很高兴,并且获得了一张便宜的车票”可知,加拿大Via Rail 为年轻人提供的限时低价车票让作者穿越加拿大的火车旅行成为可能。B项“一张为青年人提供的限时车票”符合以上说法,故选B。2.Which of the following best describes the author as a young man?A.Considerate.B.Determined.C.Smart.D.

49、Adaptable.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后一句话“当我凝视苏必利尔湖畔闪闪发亮的海浪时,我决定如果我被困在这里,我需要享受我的时间”和第三段中“那三天变成了铁轨上的夏令营。与乘务员的真正友谊源于那列火车”可知,作者想办法度过在火车上的时间,使自己充满快乐。由此推测作者的适应性强。D项“有适应能力的”符合以上推测,故选D。3.What has the author learned from his adventure?A.To enjoy travelling on his own.B.To skip to the final destination.C.To explor

50、e more in the process.D.To be content with train service.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后一句话“我明白了旅途可以比目的地更有趣”可知,作者明白了要在旅行中探索更多的快乐。C项“在过程中探索更多的快乐”符合以上说法,故选C。【难句剖析】Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin.分析:as引导时间状语从句;when引导定语从句,修饰mornin

51、g。翻译:早上我到达了火车站,就要开始我的22天探险旅程了,这时兴奋达到了极点。【微技能点拨】记叙文“结果”性设题答题口诀故事叙述虽曲折,作者心中早预设,哲理顿悟加倡议,硕果往往最后结。记叙文的目的是最后得出一些人生的哲理,对于针对这个“结果”的设题属于细节理解题。这个“结果”通常在文章的最后出现。本文第3题就是这样的设题,问作者从这次探险中学到了什么。从文章最后一句话中可以很容易得出答案为_。C【语用提能】话题词汇explore,opportunity,adventure,destination,remote 话题短语step out into the world,at its peak,b

52、e stuck in,in search of熟词新义peak 山顶,顶峰高潮,极点【微完形填空】My mother always said,“You young men should 1your own country before stepping out into the world.”It seemed like a tough task.But 2for me,Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the m

53、onth of July in 2017.I jumped at the 3and secured an inexpensive ticket.Excitement was at its peak as I 4the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin.After just an hour on the train,desperation already came on me.I decided if I was to be stuck in here,I would need to enjoy

54、my time.Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails.After three days,we arrived in Banff.Ive learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the 5.1.A.improveB.exploreC.supportD.join【解析】选B。句意:你们年轻人应该在踏入社会之前去探索自己的国家,根据语境,选B。2.A.happilyB.unhappilyC.unluckilyD.luckily【解析】选D。句意:使我幸运的是,luckil

55、y比happily更合适。3.A.opportunityB.newsC.benefitD.choice【解析】选A。句意:我听到这个机会高兴地跳起来。前面的chance一词作了提示。4.A.gotB.approached C.arrived D.came【解析】选B。这里需要一个及物动词,选项中只有B项合适。其他选项表示“到达”时,都需要接介词。5.A.excitementB.experience C.destination D.adventure【解析】选C。句意:我明白了旅途可以比目的地更有趣。C项符合文意。.话题与写作假如你是李华,你居住的古镇正在大力发展文化旅游,为了吸引外国游客,请你

56、给你的英国笔友Harvey写封信,介绍你所在的城镇,并邀请他在适当的时候来旅游。概况位于中国北部,距离北京200千米景色特点1.拥有许多古建筑,寺庙,古塔(pagoda)等2.寺庙里的建筑风格独特,壁画精美注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。Step 1 写作技巧(1)要点写作(根据汉语提示补全句子)我写信向你介绍一下我的家乡,我的家乡正在努力发展旅游。I am writing to tell you something about my hometown,which is now _.makingevery effort to de

57、velop its tourism我的家乡在中国北方,离北京只有200千米,以惊人的历史和灿烂的文化而著称。My hometown _the north of China,only 200 kilometers away fromBeijing and it is famous for _.有许多明清时期的古民居。There are many ancient residential buildings _the Ming and Qing dynasties.is located inits amazing history and brilliant culturedating back to

58、寺庙和古塔已经上千年了,有些类型独特,受到专家重视。The temples and pagodas are more than 1,000 years old and some of them are _and they are _by experts.壁画精美,很有价值。The paintings on the walls are fine and _.of unique stylehighly thought ofvaluable(2)句式升级用过去分词短语作状语改写句。_ 用定语从句改写句。The temples and pagodas are more than 1,000 years

59、 old,_.Located in the north of China,only 200 kilometers away from Beijing,myhometown is famous for its amazing history and brilliant culture.some of which are ofunique style and they are highly thought of by expertsStep 2 妙笔成篇(运用关联词串连以上句子)_【参考范文】Dear Harvey,I am writing to tell you something about

60、my hometown,which is now making every effort to develop its tourism.Located in the north of China,only 200 kilometers away from Beijing,my hometown is famous for its amazing history and brilliant culture.There are many ancient residential buildings dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties.The temp

61、les and pagodas are more than 1,000 years old,some of which are of unique style and they are highly thought of by experts.The paintings on the walls are fine and valuable.In short,my hometown is well worth a visit.I sincerely invite you to my hometown if it is convenient.Yours,Li Hua语法填空You may be i

62、n the United States only a short time before you are invited to dinner in an American home.Your hosts may telephone you or ask you 1._ person,or they may send you a written 2._(invite)in the mail.If you get one,you should telephone your hosts to accept.A dinner in an American home is most likely to

63、be a meal 3._(serve)to guests sitting at a table.If the guests 4._(seat)at the table,the hosts may serve the food,or it may be passed so 5._ each person may help himself.There are some other customs you should know.You should arrive on time.When you get there,your hosts may offer you something to dr

64、ink,and some light food before dinner.The meal is 6._(usual)served about half 7._ hour after all the guests arrive.Most Americans do not have maids 8._ other help in the house.Often the husband and wife and their children share the responsibilities of 9._(prepare)the meal and cleaning up afterward.A

65、fter dinner,the guests often stay with the host for another two or three hours.Then all of them enjoy 10._(them).【文章大意】本文主要讲述了在美国被美国家庭邀请吃饭的过程。1.【解析】in。句意:主人可能会打电话给你或亲自问你。句中的in person为固定搭配,意为“亲自”,因此本空填in。2.【解析】invitation。句意:或者他们可能在邮件中给你发一个书面邀请函。本空被形容词written修饰,所以要用invite的名词形式 invitation。3.【解析】served。

66、本句中的serve在句中修饰名词meal,即serve a meal(上菜,上饭),二者是被动关系。表被动,要用过去分词作定语,因此用served。4.【解析】are seated。句意:如果客人就座了,主人可以为客人提供食物。sb.be seated 为固定用法,意为“某人就座”,主句用一般将来时或情态动词,if条件状语从句要用一般现在时。从句的主语是the guests,所以填are seated。5.【解析】that。句意:如果客人在餐桌旁就座,主人就可以提供食物,或者传递食物,以便让每个人自便。so that为固定搭配,意为“以便,结果,以致”。因此本空填that。6.【解析】usua

67、lly。本空用于修饰动词served,修饰动词要用副词形式,因此要用usual的副词形式usually。7.【解析】an。half an hour为“半小时”。hour的读音是以元音音素开头的,所以要用不定冠词an。8.【解析】or。句意:大多数美国人在家里没有女佣或其他帮手。表示否定句中的并列关系往往用not.or,因此本空填or。9.【解析】preparing。句意:丈夫和妻子及其子女通常分担准备饭菜和饭后清理的责任。本空是作介词of 的宾语,且和and后的cleaning并列,所以要用动词的-ing形式,故填preparing。10.【解析】themselves。句意:晚餐后,客人通常会在主人家再待上两到三个小时。所有的人都玩得开心。enjoy oneself为固定搭配,意为“玩得开心”。本句的主语为all of them,所以要填themselves。