新教材2022届新高考英语外研版一轮复习课件：选择性必修 第四册 UNIT 5　INTO THE UNKNOWN .ppt

1、Unit 5Into the unknown主题:人与社会子话题:科学精神对应教材:必修第一册 Unit 5Into the wild;必修第三册 Unit 3The world of science,Unit 5What an adventure!;选择性必修第三册 Unit 4A glimpse of the future;选择性必修第四册 Unit 6Space and beyondStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2020江苏高考)I was in the middle of the Amazon(亚马逊)with my wife,who was there as a

2、 medical researcher.We flew on a small plane to a faraway village.We did not speak the local language,did not know the customs,and more often than not,did not entirely recognize the food.We could not have felt more foreign.We were raised on books and computers,highways and cell phones,but now we wer

3、e living in a village without running water or electricity.It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.Then one perfect Amazonian evening,with monkeys calling from beyond the village green,we played soccer.I am not good at soccer,but that evening it was won

4、derful.Everyone knew the rules.We all spoke the same language of passes and shots.We understood one another perfectly.As darkness came over the field and the match ended,the goal keeper,Juan,walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way,“In your home,do you have a moon too?”I was surprised.Afte

5、r I explained to Juan that yes,we did have a moon and yes,it was very similar to his,I felt a sort of awe(敬畏)at the possibilities that existed in his world.In Juans world,each village could have its own moon.In Juans world,the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous.Anything was possible.In

6、our society,we know that Earth has only one moon.We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find.I can,from my computer at home,pull up satellite images of Juans village.There are no more continents and no more moons to search for,little left to discove

7、r.At least it seems that way.Yet,as I thought about Juans question,I was not sure how much more we could really rule out.I am,in part,an ant biologist,so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown.How much,though?How ignorant(无知的

8、)are we?The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.I began collecting newspaper articles about new species,new monkey,new spider.,and on and on they appear.My drawer quickly filled.I began a second drawer for more general discoveries:new cave system discovered with dozens of

9、 nameless species,four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach.The second drawer began to fill and as it did,I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there,not just species,but life that depends on things thought to be useless,life even without DNA.I started a third drawer

10、 for these big discoveries.It fills more slowly,but all the same,it fills.In looking into the stories of biological discovery,I also began to find something else,a collection of scientists,usually brilliant,occasionally half-mad,who made the discoveries.Those scientists very often see the same thing

11、s that other scientists see,but they pay more attention to them,and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion(穷尽),and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers.In looking for the stories of discovery,I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.We are re

12、peatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms(生物),and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.Yet,when something new turns up,more often than not,we do not even know its name.按要求完成任务1.写出与本单元有关的话题词汇。_ 2.W

13、hat benefits can be brought by discovering new species?_Amazon,faraway,custom,exist,the unknown,the undiscovered,vast,marvelous,angle,ignorant.Discovering new species is important as it helps to protect them.Furthermore,new species can also produce compounds that could lead to the development ofnew

14、medicine.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.bury vt.将埋在下面【教材原句】Based on this,he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.(P50)基于这点,他相信自己发现了一座隐藏在丛林深处的不为人知的玛雅城。【词块必记】(1)bury ones head/face in hands 双手抱头/掩面(2)be buried in=bury oneself in专心于be buried in thought沉思【巧学助记】“专心于某事”的短语常见的还有:

15、be devoted to,be absorbed in,be addicted to,be lost in,focus on,concentrate on等。【语境速测】单句语法填空You will have to bury yourself _your studies if you want to pass the exam.He was sitting with his head _(bury)in a book.句式升级Because he _(专心于)his books,he didnt know it was raining outside._his books,he was no

16、t aware it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语)_his books,he was not aware it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语)inburiedburied himself in/was buried inBurying himself inBuried in2.ruin n.C 残垣断壁,废墟(常用复数);U毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产【典型例句】Learning is the tool to help you.To give up the pursuit of learning will ruinyourselve

17、s.学习是帮助你的工具。放弃追求学习会毁了你们自己。【词块必记】(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟fall into ruin 衰落,败落,破败不堪(2)ruin vt.毁灭;使破产ruin our journey 破坏我们的旅行ruin your career 毁掉你的事业ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉【语境速测】单句语法填空What surprised us is that the whole city lay in _(ruin)in such a short time.The whole town _(ruin)by the heavy st

18、orm last night.句式升级He made a mistake,_of going abroad.(定语从句)He made a mistake,_of going abroad.(分词作状语)他犯了个错误,这让他失去了出国的机会。ruinswas ruinedwhich ruined his chanceruining his chance3.abandon vt.离弃;逃离【教材原句】But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.(P52)

19、但最大的谜团是,是什么导致玛雅人舍弃了他们大部分的大城市。【词块必记】(1)abandon ones hope/plan/idea 放弃希望/计划/主意abandon oneself to.沉湎于;纵情于abandon doing sth.放弃做某事(2)abandonedadj.遗弃的;无约束的;无度的;放纵的be abandoned to 沉湎于【语境速测】单句语法填空Feeling frustrated,I found myself abandoning myself to _(play)computer games.They abandoned _(carry)out the plan

20、 because of the lack of money.However,these plans _(abandon)because of financial problems.playingcarryingwere abandoned句式升级As he abandoned himself to smoking,he suffered from lung cancer._,he suffered from lung cancer.(现在分词短语作状语)_,he suffered from lung cancer.(过去分词短语作状语)Abandoning himself to smoking

21、Abandoned to smoking4.investigation n.调查【教材原句】Talk about the investigations into another scientific mystery using the words and expressions in this section.(P55)用本节中的单词和表达方式谈论对另一个科学谜团的调查。【词块必记】(1)under investigation 正在调查中conduct an investigation进行调查(2)investigate v.查明,调查investigate an incident调查事件【语

22、境速测】单句语法填空They made full _(investigate)previous to reaching a conclusion.I heard a noise and went downstairs _(investigate).More than 100 companies are _investigation.The expert drew a conclusion from his _(investigate)that the disease was carried through water rather than air.investigationsto inves

23、tigateunderinvestigation.经典句式5.It contained more than 800 characters,with some signs representing animals.它包含800多个符号,一些符号代表动物【句型公式】with复合结构,即with+宾语+宾语补足语(1)with+宾语+doing(doing表示主动或正在进行的动作)(2)with+宾语+done(done表示被动或已完成的动作)(3)with+宾语+to do(to do表示将来的动作)(4)with+宾语+介词短语/adj./adv.(5)with+宾语+adj.(6)with+宾

24、语+adv.(7)with+宾语+n.(强调名词的特性或状态)【语境速测】单句语法填空With so many problems _(deal with),I have to work extra time.He sat there,with his attention _(concentrate)on his book.With the guide _(lead)the way,we had no difficulty finding your house.In summer,she usually sleeps with the windows _(open).to deal withco

25、ncentratedleadingopen【文化金句】With the beautiful moon up in the sky,we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit,sharing our stories.美丽的月亮高挂在天空,我们坐在一起,吃月饼、吃水果,分享我们的故事。【备选要点】correspond to符合于;相当于【典型例句】Through comparison,he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions o

26、f the stars.(P50)通过比较,他发现已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置一致。【词块必记】(1)correspond with 与通信;和相一致/相符合correspond to符合于;相当于(2)correspondence n.通信;一致;信件in correspondence with与有通信联系【语境速测】单句语法填空I corresponded _Mary during the months when she took care of my mother.He has been in _(correspond)with her for several years b

27、efore they finally met.He assures me that his action will correspond _his words.withcorrespondenceto/with【写作金句】I used to correspond with my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.我过去常常写信与我的朋友联络,而现在有了互联网就更方便了。Step 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)The next morning he hired a boat an

28、d set _to find the well-known painter.2.(2020新高考全国卷)At the Jorvik Centre in York,the citys Viking _(settle)is recreated,and people experience the sights,sounds and smells of the old town.3.(2020江苏高考)Most provinces and _(equivalently)administrativeunits started to lower their public health emergency

29、response level.outsettlementequivalent4.(2019全国卷)Bacteria are an annoying problem for _(astronaut).5.(2019北京高考)That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or _(abandon)phone calls altogether.astronautsabandoning.完成句子1.The square lo

30、oks more beautiful _.所有的灯都亮着,广场显得更加的美丽。2.The cliff is _no one dares to make an attempt at climbing.悬崖如此的陡峭以至于无人敢尝试攀登。3.When you talk with an unfamiliar woman,youd better _.当你和一个不熟悉的女士说话的时候,你最好避开年龄。with all the lights onso steep thatsteer clear of age4.She had not said anything _.她什么也没说这个事实使我们惊讶。5._w

31、as that he was ill.他没来参加会议的原因是他生病了。surprised all of usThe reason why he didnt attend the meeting.语法填空Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America,Maya civilisation 1._(surround)by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.The Maya built 2._(impress)palaces an

32、d temples.3 _is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels,metal tools or even animal power.They applied their understanding of mathematics and astronomy 4._the Maya calendar,which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.On top of all this w

33、as an has been surroundedimpressiveWhattoachievement unique in the Americas at that time:a true writing system.It was a writing system so complicated that,so far,no one has been able to interpret it 5._(complete).completelyThe fact that Maya society was technological primitive makes 6._(it)achieveme

34、nts all the more incredible and mysterious.Meanwhile,the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past,present and future.By 700 AD,Maya civilisation was at its peak.Yet,within just a couple of generations,it began to mysteriously decline.The cities were left 7._(

35、take)back by the jungle.itsto be taken Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall.Research also suggests that those natural 8._(disaster)may have led to the decline of the Maya.9._the reasons,Maya civilization largely disappeared within t

36、he deep jungle.Its once-great cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people 10._(solve).disastersWhateverto solve直击高考培养思维品质核心素养 激发学生对未知世界的好奇心,培养学生科学探究精神和提高学生科学探究能力。高考链接 2020全国卷阅读理解D;2020全国阅读理解C;2020天津高考阅读理解C;2020江苏阅读理解D;2019全国卷阅读理解C;2019全国卷阅读理解D;2018全国卷阅读理解D;2018江苏高考阅读理解D;2018天津高考

37、阅读理解C.话题与阅读理解Some scientists believe that one of the most intelligent beings on Earth is in fact the octopus(章鱼).Octopuses usually live at the bottom of river mouths and seas-areas which are not attractive to researchers.They are not social animals so it can be hard to study their interaction with o

38、thers.And the octopus intelligence is not easy for humans to understand.When we observe some animals such as rats or dogs,we can often understand their behavior.Octopuses,however can seem like aliens(外星人).Scientists need to have a lot of imagination to understand what an octopus is thinking!In the 1

39、950s,the US Air Force sponsored scientists to study the way octopuses use their brains.They hoped that they could use this knowledge to help them build better computers.However,their brains were so complex that the scientists felt it of no significance to continue with it.Octopuses have a very compl

40、ex nervous system and recent research suggests that they have some of their intelligence inside each arm,which means that each arm can“think”for itself.It also appears that they have a good memory,perhaps similar to a cats.Perhaps the most striking thing about octopuses is their ability to change th

41、eir color and body pattern.They do this to camouflage themselves to avoid their enemies and also to communicate with others.They can completely change their appearance in less than a second.It can change its skin to look like rocks,sand or plankton(浮游生物).Some scientists have even suggested that thes

42、e different patterns and colors are in fact a very hard language and that each design is a different verb,adjective or noun.But nobody has been able to work out what they might be saying.Theres a long way to go to get to know the octopus completely.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。一些科学家认为,地球上最聪明的生物之一就是章鱼。但到目前为止,人们对章鱼知

43、之甚少。1.What can we infer about the octopus intelligence from Paragraph 2?A.It does not attract scientists.B.Little has been known about it.C.It is equal to the cats or dogs.D.Much has been done about it.【解析】选B。推理判断题。第二段谈到:章鱼通常生活在河口和海洋的底部,这些地方对研究人员没有吸引力。它们不是群居动物,因此很难研究它们与其他动物的交流。而且章鱼的智力也不容易被人类理解。章鱼看起来

44、像外星人。科学家需要有丰富的想象力才能理解章鱼在想什么!由这些可推知,人们对章鱼的了解很少。故选B。2.What can we say about scientists study on the octopus in the 1950s?A.They had to give it up eventually.B.They used computers to help.C.They found its arms could think.D.They judged it lived like a cat.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段“However,their brains were so

45、 complex that the scientists felt it of no significance to continue with it.”可知,科学家发现章鱼的大脑是如此复杂,他们觉得继续研究下去是没有用的。由此可知他们最终放弃了研究。故选A。3.What does the underlined word“camouflage”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Relax.B.Strengthen.C.Hide.D.Express.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。本句前面谈到:或许章鱼最惊人的地方在于它们改变颜色和身体形态的能力;由本句后面的“to avo

46、id their enemies(以逃避敌人)”可知,它们这样做是为了伪装自己以躲避敌人。relax放松,休息;strengthen加强,增强;hide隐蔽,躲避;express表达。故选C。4.What does the author think of the octopuses?A.They are the smartest animals.B.Theyre easy to be seen in the sea.C.It is useful to copy their language.D.It is difficult to understand them.【解析】选D。细节理解题。最后

47、一段作者谈到“Theres a long way to go to get to know the octopus completely.(完全了解章鱼还有很长的路要走。)”,可知作者认为要了解章鱼是不容易的。故选D。话题词汇intelligence,aliens,imagination,research,scientist短语句式in fact,the bottom of,of no significance,seem like【微技能点拨】词义猜测题,主要采用根据上下文来猜测词义的方法。在高考中有三种考查形式:生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测句意、指代关系猜测。一般对于生词猜测词义来说,在短文

48、中需要猜测其意义的词或短语,其后面会接着出现其定义或解释。本题中的第3题考查的就是生词猜测词义。由画线单词后表达的目的“to avoid their enemies(以躲避敌人)”可知,章鱼是要保护它们自己。画线单词意思与avoid是相呼应的。据此即可选出正确答案。词义猜测题的解题方法有:(1)通过定义或释义方式来猜测词义;(2)通过同位关系来猜测词义;(3)通过同义或反义关系来猜测词义;(4)通过描写来猜测词义;(5)通过因果关系来猜测词义;(6)通过句法功能来猜测词义;(7)通过上下文提供的信息来猜测词义;(8)通过代词所指代的内容来猜测词义。【微语法填空】Some scientists

49、believe that one of the most intelligent 1._(being)on Earth is in fact the octopus.Octopuses usually live at the bottom of river mouths and seas-areas 2._are not attractive to researchers.They are not social animals so it can be hard to study their interaction with others.And the octopus intelligenc

50、e is not easy for humans 3._(understand).When we observe some animals such as rats or dogs,we can often understand their behavior.Octopuses,however,can seem like aliens.Scientists need to have a lot of 4._(imagine)to understand what an octopus 5._(think)!beingswhichto understandimaginationis thinkin

51、gIn the 1950s,the US Air Force sponsored scientists to study the way octopuses use their brains.They hoped that they could use this knowledge to help them build better computers.However,their brains were so complex that the scientists felt it 6._no significance to continue with it.Perhaps 7._(strike

52、)thing about octopuses is their ability to change their color and body pattern.Some scientists have even suggested that these different patterns and colors are in fact a very hard languageand that each design is a different verb,adjective or noun.But nobody has been able to work out what they might

53、be saying.Theres a long way to go to get to know the octopus 8._(complete).ofthe most strikingcompletely.话题与写作(2018天津高考改编)假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津,你的美国朋友Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队,参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。1.比赛的时间、地点;2.邀请他的原因。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;3.尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语

54、。参考词汇:世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics CompetitionStep 1 写作技巧(1)要点写作(根据汉语提示补全句子)世界青少年机器人技能竞赛将于今年7月底在天津举行。The World Adolescent Robotics Competition _in Tianjin at the end of this July.我和我的同学们喜欢探索科学世界,因此我们组成小组去参加比赛。My classmates and I like to explore the world of science,so we _to take part

55、in the competition.is to be heldhave formed agroup我想知道你是否能加入并分享你的经验。I wonder whether you can join us and _.毕竟,你曾参加过机器人比赛并得过奖。_,you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award.我们会遇到许多困难,希望你能帮我们解决。We may meet a lot of difficulties and we hope you can help us _them.share your experien

56、ce with usAfter alldeal with作为队长,我真诚地邀请你加入到我们当中,我相信我们共同努力一定会取得好的结果。As the group leader,I sincerely _and I am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results.invite you to join us(2)句式升级用as a result改写句。My classmates and I like to explore the world of science,_.用定语从句改写句。We ho

57、pe you can help us _.as a result,we haveformed a group to take part in the competitiondeal with a lot of difficulties that we may meetStep 2 妙笔成篇(运用关联词串连以上句子)_【参考范文】Dear Chris,I have good news to tell you.The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is to be held in Tianjin at the end of this July,whic

58、h interests me greatly.My classmates and I like to explore the world of science,as a result,we have formed a group to take part in the competition.I wonder whether you can join us and share your experience with us.After all,you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award.We hope yo

59、u can help us deal with a lot of difficulties that we may meet.So as the group leader,I sincerely invite you to join us and I am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Jin【加固训练】阅读填句(2021南通模拟)Being able to communicate effect

60、ively with others is an essential skill for people of all ages.1People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books,workshops,and from the advice of other people.2Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking,restating

61、 what the other person has said or what comes across in a brief and nonjudgmental manner.3Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust and understanding in a relationship,whether it is a personal or professional one.Another tip to developing and improving interpersonal communi

62、cation skills is to use feedback for different types of communication.Before giving speeches and presentations,it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation.4It is also essential in developing communication skills

63、to use appropriate body language and eye contact.5For example,using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness,such as uncrossed arms,can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.A.It is essential to learn how to communicate politely.B.The

64、se nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings.C.Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills.D.Being active listening doesnt mean people have to employ it continuously.E.This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice.F.By doing so,we can ensure th

65、e messages are easily understood and come across as intended.G.One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。对所有年龄段的人来说,能够有效地与他人沟通是一项必不可少的技能。文章就如何进行有效的沟通提出了几条建议。1.【解析】选C。上一句提到“对所有年龄段的人来说,能够有效地与他人沟通是一项必不可少的技能。”C选项“大多数人都能从提高他们的沟通技巧中

66、获益。”承接上文,也能够引出下文的沟通技巧;且该选项中的“communication skills”对应下文中的“those skills”。故选C项。2.【解析】选G。由下文中的“Active listening”可知,此段与“倾听”紧密相关,可知,G项“培养沟通技巧的最好方法之一就是学习和练习有效的倾听。”切题。且该选项中的“One of the best tips”与下一段段首的“Another tip”相呼应。故选G项。3.【解析】选E。根据上文可知,积极地倾听包括要仔细认真的倾听讲话人说话,简单的重述或总结。要求我们要理解说话人的想法,而不是根据说话内容给出建议。E选项“这种倾听更注

67、重理解而不是给出建议。”切题。该小题容易选错D选项“积极倾听并不意味着人们必须不断地使用它。”这一段要求我们要学会积极倾听的方法,与进行积极倾听的频率无关,可以推断D项上下文衔接不通顺。故选E项。4.【解析】选F。根据前文内容可知,此段介绍的沟通技巧是“对不同类型的沟通使用反馈。”F选项“通过这样做,我们可以确保信息很容易被理解和传达。”切题,对在沟通中进行反馈的好处进行了说明。故选F项。5.【解析】选B。根据前文内容可知,使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流对培养沟通技巧也是至关重要的。B选项“这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”切题,为下文介绍非语言信号作铺垫。且该选项中的“These nonverbal signals”对应前后文内容。故选B项。