2019年英语新同步外研必修五讲义：MODULE 5 SECTION Ⅱ INTRODUCTION .doc

1、Section_Introduction_&_Reading_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1stadium n体育场，运动场2background n. 背景3advantage n. 优势；长处4guarantee vt. 保证5purchase vt. 购买6slogan n. 标语7symbol n. 符号8familiar adj. 熟悉的.拓展词汇1athletics n田径运动athlete n运动员2retire vi.退休retired adj.退休的retirement n退休；退役3perform vi.表现performa

2、nce n表现；表演4advantage n优势；长处disadvantage n不利因素1.stadium n体育场，运动场联想gymnasium n体育馆playground n操场；运动场；游乐场2advantage n优势；长处反义disadvantage n劣势；不利因素联想strength n长处； weakness n弱点串记They weighed the advantages and disadvantages before making the decision.他们权衡了一下优劣才做出决定。3symbol n符号联想sign n符号，标志； mark n记号4perfor

3、m vi.表现串记The performance given by this performer who often performed in public was a great success.由经常在公众面前表演的表演者所做的表演是一个巨大的成功。二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.make a list of拟订一份名单；列出2together with 与一起3compete with/against 与竞争4be made up of 由组成5come onto the market 上市6on the increase 正在增加7have an advantage over

4、 比有优势8every ten seconds 每十秒钟9more than 多于1.at the age of 2626岁2perform well 表现得好3a sense of failure 失败感4a year after his retirement 他退休后的一年5launch a new brand 开创一个新品牌6make the unusual choice 做出不平常的选择7at the right time 在适当的时候8make money 赚钱9since then 自从那时10achieve their sporting ambitions 实现他们的体育梦想三、

5、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life.但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。本句为强调句型，是对主语this sense of failure 的强调。其基本构成为：It is/was 被强调部分that/who (指人)其余部分。It_was_at_nine_oclock_that he came back last night.昨晚他是九点钟回来的。2.A pair of Nike trainers, for examp

6、le, could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product.比如，一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是一双李宁牌同类产品价格的五倍之多。句中five times as much as 是典型的倍数表达法，其具体结构为：倍数asadj./adv.as。This book costs three_times_asmuch_as that one.这本书的花费是那本书的三倍。3.And if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as Li Nings adverti

7、sing slogan says.正如李宁广告标语所言，如果你是一位杰出的运动员，“一切皆有可能”。as引导定语从句并在定语从句中作says的宾语。As_is_reported,_more and more people send their children abroad to study.正如报道的那样，越来越多的人把孩子送到国外去学习。1(教材P42)When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world.当他26岁退役的时候，他已经在世界范围内

8、的大型比赛中获得了106枚金牌。retire vi.退休；退出(比赛等)(1)retire from .从退休；退役retire to . 隐退到(2)retired adj. 退休的retirement n. 退休Now that fathers retired hell have more time on his hands.现在父亲退休了，他空闲的时间多了。He retired from the army at the age of 35.他35岁时从部队退役。Well have to put some money away for our retirement(retire)我们必须积

9、蓄些钱留到退休后用。辨析比较retire, resignretire因年老而退休、退役resign辞职，辞去(工作、职务等)选用以上单词填空The president of Egypt resigned because of the protest movement.He retired when he was 60.2(教材P42)When sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, Li Nings name

10、 was on it, together with footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali.1999年，当体育记者们在评选20世纪最杰出的男女运动员时，李宁和球王贝利、拳王穆罕默德阿里一起名列其中。together with与一起；加之；连同主语后跟有together with 引起的短语时，谓语动词的数不受影响，仍与句子的主语保持一致。有类似用法的还有with， along with， as well as等。He sent her some books, together with a dictionary.他送了她几本书，外加一本词典。Mr Gree

11、n, together with his friends, is (be) going to play golf tomorrow.格林先生，还有他的朋友们，打算明天去打高尔夫球。I as well as my parents am (be) fond of pop music.我和我的父母都喜欢流行音乐。The teacher, with his students, is (be) discussing the class activities next week.那位教师跟他的学生们正在讨论下周的班级活动。3(教材P42)He was disappointed because he had

12、 not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.他感到很失望，因为他在1988年汉城奥运会上表现不佳。perform vi.表现 vt.履行；执行；演出(1)perform ones promise/duty履行承诺/义务perform an operation/experiment 做手术/实验perform well/badly/poorly 表现得好/不好(2)performer n. 表演者performance n. 表演put on a performance 演出give a performance of . 演出Youd bette

13、r perform your promise that you have to finish your task on time.你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。Chinese Womens National Volleyball Team performed_well in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.中国女排在2016年里约奥运会上表现出众。Lets have a good round of applause for the next performer (perform)咱们为下一个表演者热烈鼓掌吧。Janes performance (perform) wil

14、l be impressed upon my memory for a long time.简的表演将会在我的记忆中留下长久的印象。4(教材P42)He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas.他决定推出一种新品牌的运动服，和全球大公司耐克、阿迪达斯等竞争。compete with与竞争compete for .为竞争compete in . 参加的比赛compete against sb. 与某人竞争Will you compete with

15、Tom in the swimming race?你将和汤姆比赛游泳吗？John was competing against James for the prize in math.约翰和詹姆斯比赛争夺数学奖。How many runners will be competing in the marathon?有多少赛跑选手参加本次马拉松？5(教材P42)The bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin letters of Li Nings name, L and N.那个明亮的红色标志是由“李宁”拼音的两个首字母L和N组成的。be

16、 made up of由组成make up组成，构成be composed of 由组成/构成consist of 由组成/构成A large part of Africa is made up of thick forest.非洲的大部分地区都是密林。The band is composed/made up of many famous musicians.这支乐队由许多著名乐师组成。Their diet chiefly consists (consist) of grain and vegetables.他们的饮食主要是谷类和蔬菜。6(教材P42)The number of young p

17、eople with money to spend was on the increase and sport had never been so popular.有钱消费的年轻人的数量在增加，而体育运动也得到前所未有的普及。on the increase正在增加(1)increase by .增加了increase to . 增加到(2)on the decrease 在减少on the rise 在上涨，在增加The GDP of our country was on the increase in 2017, increasing by 6.9 percent.我国的GDP在2017年有

18、所提高，增加了6.9%。His salary is 18,600 a year, increasing to 23,000.他的薪水由每年1.86万英镑增加到2.3万英镑。A local newspaper remarked that crime was on_the_decrease.一家地方报纸评论说犯罪活动在减少。联想发散“on名词”结构常用短语：on fire着火on show在展出on duty在值班 on guard值勤on business出差 on sale出售，上市7(教材P42)Li Nings designs were attractive, and they had a

19、 major advantage over their betterknown rivals they were cheaper.李宁运动服不仅设计吸引人，而且比起那些更著名的商业对手，它们拥有一个主要优势，那就是价格便宜。advantage nC，U优势；长处；便利条件be to sb.s advantagebe to the advantage of sb.对某人有利be at an advantage 占优势take advantage of sth./sb. 利用某物/某人have an advantage over sb./sth. 比有优势give sb. an advantage

20、 over . 赋予某人以胜过的优势Jon had an advantage over his mother in that he knew Spanish.乔恩因为懂西班牙语而比他母亲占有优势。They decided to take advantage of the beautiful weather and go to the country.他们决定利用这么好的天气去乡下。It will be to his advantage if he studies hard.假如他努力学习，就会对他有利。8(教材P42)Success for Li Ning was guaranteed, an

21、d it came quickly.李宁的成功有了保证，并且来势迅速。guarantee vt.保证 n保证，担保；保修单(1)guarantee sb.sth.guarantee sth.to sb.向某人保证某事guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事guarantee that . 保证(2)under guarantee 在保修期内give a guarantee that . 保证If you complete your training I can guarantee you a job/a job to you.如果你完成了培训，我能保证你有份工作。Its guara

22、nteed to_rain (rain) when you want to go out.你想出门，天准下雨。The car is less than a year old, so it is still under_guarantee.这辆汽车用了还不满一年，因此仍在保修期内。9(教材P42)In just a few years, Li Ning won more than fifty per cent of the national market.短短几年中，李宁赢得了国内超过百分之五十的市场。more than多于more than数词超过，多于(相当于over)more than名词

23、 不仅仅，不只是more than形容词/副词 非常，十分(与very 同义)There are more than 70 students in our class.我们班有70多人。He is more_than a professor. He is a writer.他不仅是一位教授，还是一名作家。The store is more_than_happy to deliver goods to your home.本商店很乐意为您送货上门。10(教材P42)If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are yo

24、u will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，你都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。familiar adj.熟悉的，常见到的，常听说的sb. be familiar with .某人熟悉(主动).be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉(被动)unfamiliar adj. 陌生的，不熟悉的Are you familiar with the computer software they use?你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？Mo Yans n

25、ovels are familiar to a large number of readers.莫言的小说为众多读者所熟悉。The course is designed for students who are unfamiliar (familiar) with computers.这门课程是为不熟悉计算机的学生而设计的。11(教材P43)a symbol which represents a particular brand一个代表特殊品牌的符号symbol n符号；象征a symbol of .的象征/标志the symbol for . 的符号Do these symbols have

26、 any particular significance?这些符号有什么特别的含义吗？White has always been a symbol of purity in western cultures.在西方文化中，白色总是象征纯洁。We use “x” as the symbol for an unknown quantity.我们用“x”表示一个未知数。 辨析比较symbol, sign, signal, marksymbol指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物sign普通用词，指人们公认事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号mark普通用词，含义广泛

27、。既可指便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征选用以上单词填空A red lamp is often used as a danger signal.The dove is the symbol of peace.I made a mark under the sentence to remind me to check the figure.World trade is showing signs of revival (复苏)1But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed

28、 in his new life.但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。本句为强调句型，是对主语this sense of failure 的强调。(1)强调句型的基本构成为：It is/was 被强调部分that/who (指人)其余部分。强调句型可用来强调句子中除谓语以外的其他成分。It was I that met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.昨天是我在火车站遇到的李明。(强调主语)It was Li Ming that/who I met at the railway station yesterday.昨天我在火车站遇到的

29、是李明。(强调宾语)It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.昨天我是在火车站遇到的李明。(强调地点状语)It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.我是昨天在火车站遇到的李明。(强调时间状语)(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who .? 强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/was itthat .?Is it your sister that always helps the poor old man in th

30、e countryside?是你姐姐一直在帮助这个乡下的可怜的老人吗？What_is_it that has made her so angry these days?这几天到底是什么使她那么生气的？(3)对not .until进行强调时，要把not 与until一起放到前面进行强调，构成It is/was not until .that .句式。It was not until she arrived here that I left.直到她到了这儿，我才离开。(4)判断强调句型的方法：如果在一个含有“It is/was . that . ”的句子中，把“It is/was . that .

31、”去掉后，句子仍然成立，那么可以断定它是一个强调句。(It is) Mary (that) has won the first place.是玛丽获得的第一名。名师点津当强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不能用when, where, how而必须用that。只有强调人时，that 才可以用who代替。2A pair of Nike trainers, for example, could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product.比如，一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是一双李宁牌同类产品价格的五倍之多。(1)句中five t

32、imes as much as是典型的倍数表达法，其具体结构为：倍数asadj./adv.as。This room is four times as big as that one.这个房间是那个房间的四倍大。This road is twice_as_long_as that one.这条路是那条路的两倍长。(2)倍数表达法的其他常用结构：(1)倍数形容词/副词比较级than(2)倍数the 名词(size, height, length, width等)of(3)倍数thatof(4)倍数what从句The newlybroadened square is four times the s

33、ize of the previous one.The size of the newlybroadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。.单句语法填空1Look! Tom together with his classmates is (be) playing a game on the playground.2His fluency in English

34、gives him an advantage over the other candidates for the job.3Many people think that the rainbow is a symbol of good fortune because it connects heaven and earth.4We put on performances (perform) in order to collect money for the primary school.5The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near

35、a bakery.6Since he retired from business John has lived out of the world.7He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I (have)8It was at Christmas that Mary gave me a handbag.选词填空take advantage of， on the increase， under guarantee， more than， compete with， be made up of 1In recent years

36、, the concern about pollution is on_the_increase.2We should take_advantage_of all educational opportunities.3My watch is still under_guarantee,_so theyll fix it for free.4The committee is_made_up_of five people, including two women.5The two girls competed_with each other for the highest mark yesterd

37、ay.6Her performance was more_than good; it was perfect.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1Now we can purchase (购买) almost anything online.2O2 is the symbol (符号) for oxygen.3His height gives him an advantage (优势) over the other players.4“Anything is possible” is a slogan (标语) well known to all.5Before every concert

38、, she worries about how well she will perform (表演)6The famous swimming player Michael Phelps retired (退役) after the 2016 Rio Olympics.7They found themselves competing (竞争) with foreign companies for a share of the market.8We can guarantee (保证) you the very finest standards of service.9For specific (

39、具体的) instructions on loading the software, please refer to the guide.10People wanted to know who this talented designer (设计者) was.单句改错1The old retiring worker would often go to the park to play chess.retiringretired2I cant give guarantee that there will be no failure.give后加a3The bat together with th

40、e balls are broken.areis4It was that very day that she left the country.was后加on5A man who can think will always have an advantage of others.ofover6The output of steel this year has increased to 20% compared with that in 1992.toby7Are you familiar to this type of machine？towith8“Fe” is the chemical s

41、ymbol of iron.offor.完成句子1It_was with my teachers help that I achieved my ambition.正是在老师的帮助下我实现了我的抱负。2This battery lasts twice_as_long_as other batteries.这种电池的寿命是其他电池的两倍。3He is from the Northeast, as_we_can_hear from his accent.他是东北人，正如我们从他口音中听到的那样。4But even_though he knows that he is wrong, he never

42、 apologizes.但即使知道自己错了，他也从不道歉。5Everyone cheered the news that_the_war_was_over.人人为战争结束的消息而欢呼。6To help make sense of this, it_is_necessary_to know something of the history.为了帮助理解这一点，有必要了解一些历史知识。7The_chances_are ten to one that the guest team will win.十之八九客队会获胜。.课文语法填空Li Ning was called 1.the prince of

43、 gymnasts. He won 106 gold medals in all and 2.was_chosen (choose) as one of the greatest sportsmen of the 3.twentieth (twenty) century by sports journalists.After 4.retirement (retire), he began a new career as a businessman, 5.launching (launch) a new brand of sportswear and chose his own name as

44、the brand mark.Li Nings sports clothes came 6.onto the market at just the right time and gained success quickly. In just a few years, the company 7.achieved (achieve) great success. But Li Nings goal was not to make money when he retired. In 1991, he opened a school for gymnasts 8.to_help (help) you

45、ng people to achieve 9.their (they) sporting ambitions. If you are a great sportsman, anything is possible, 10.as Li Nings advertising slogan says.串点成篇微表达王先生年轻时是一位优秀的运动员，经常在体育馆(stadium)里训练。退役(retire)后他当了教练(trainer)。王先生比起别的教练来，有一个很大的优势(have an advantage over )他非常耐心。即使(even if)他很累了，他也总是乐于帮助那些年轻人。正是他的善

46、良和耐心为他赢得了好名声(用强调句型)。那时，喜欢跟着他训练的年轻人的数量一直在增加(on the increase)。十年后，王先生开办了自己的公司来生产运动服(tracksuit)。运动服由于质量好，所以很畅销。王先生对自己的成功很满意。Mr_Wang_was_an_excellent_player_when_he_was_young_and_he_often_did_some_training_in_the_stadium._After_he_retired,_he_became_a_trainer._Mr_Wang_had_an_advantage_over_other_trainer

47、s_he_was_very_patient._Even_if_he_was_very_tired,_he_was_still_ready_to_help_those_young_people._It_was_his_kindness_and_patience_that_helped_him_earn_a_good_reputation._At_that_time,_the_number_of_the_young_people_who_would_like_to_follow_him_was_on_the_increase._Ten_years_later,_Mr_Wang_opened_his

48、_own_company_to_produce_tracksuits._They_were_of_good_quality,_so_they_sold_well._Mr_Wang_was_satisfied_with_his_success.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Like most successful people, Jerry Weintraubs back story was inspiring. He worked hard in New York City with two partners, _1_ shows performed by secondclass a

49、ctors in small venues (场地)Elvis Presley, a _2_ singer, had spent the 1960s largely out of the public eye. For eight years he had no concerts. Jerry had the crazy _3_ to take Elvis on tour. He _4_ to get the phone number of Colonel Parker, Elvis manager. Then he _5_ Parker and explained what he wante

50、d to do. But Parker just said, “No, thank you！” For the next year, Jerry kept _6_ Parker every day. He believed that _7_ Parker would give in. One day Jerrys phone rang, and it was Parker. “Do you _8_ want to take my boy on tour？” he asked. Jerry answered, “Of course！” Then Parker _9_ to tell Jerry

51、that if he wanted to do it, he should _10_ in Las Vegas with a million dollars. Jerry agreed, _11_ there was one big problem: he didnt have a million dollars. He called everyone he knew to ask for _12_. Then a friend of his mentioned that he knew a man in Seattle with much money, who happened to be

52、an Elvis _13_. Jerry visited him and proposed (提出) the idea; the man agreed to _14_ him a million dollars. The money arrived later. Jerry delivered the check to Parker. They agreed to a 50/50 split (划分) on the tour _15_. At the conclusion of the wildly _16_ tour, Jerry earned several million dollars

53、. His first success _17_ his confidence and ambition.Jerry became a millionaire and the most successful manager in _18_ business. His story tells us that for success we should have a big vision for our business and life, ask for help when we _19_ it and work hard _20_ the difficulties in the way.语篇解

54、读：本文讲述了娱乐业的传奇人物杰瑞温特劳布成功挖到人生第一桶金的故事。他的成功经验告诉我们，成功离不开坚韧不拔的意志。1A.organizingBwatchingCdiscussing Djoining解析：选A根据“He worked hard in New York City with two partners”和下文他安排巡演的语境可知，他负责组织二流演员在小场地进行表演。故选“organizing”。2A.strange BfreeCcommon Dfamous解析：选D根据语境和下文巡演很成功的信息可知，“猫王”埃尔维斯普雷斯利是当时有名的(famous)歌手。3A.theory B

55、ideaCtheme Dmethod解析：选B由前后文内容可知埃尔维斯普雷斯利有八年没有开演唱会了，Jerry有一个大胆的想法(idea)，那就是让Elvis巡回演出。4A.feared BrefusedCmanaged Ddreamed解析：选C根据前后文可知Jerry有了想法后开始行动，他设法得到了Elvis的经纪人的电话号码，故选“managed”。5A.warned BbotheredCstopped Dcontacted解析：选D根据语境可知，之后Jerry联系了(contacted)Parker并向他解释了自己想做的事。6A.visiting BcallingCwatching D

56、noticing解析：选B虽然遭到Parker的断然拒绝，Jerry还是坚持每天给Parker打电话。故选“calling”。7A.fairly BpartlyCeventually Dnaturally解析：选CJerry之所以坚持不懈打电话，是因为他相信Parker最终(eventually)会改变想法。8A.still BevenCalso Donly解析：选A根据“One day Jerrys phone rang, and it was Parker.”和他的问话可知，Parker终于改变了想法，问Jerry是否仍然(still)想让Elvis搞巡回演出。9A.preferred B

57、likedCexpected Dcontinued解析：选D根据前后文内容可知，得知Jerry的态度Parker继续提出了详细条件，continue to do sth.意为“继续干某事”，故选“continued”。10A.set about Bmake outCshow up Dcome down解析：选C根据语境可知，Parker要求Jerry拿着100万美元来到拉斯维加斯。show up意为“露面，出现”，符合语境。11A.and BbutCas Dor解析：选BJerry同意了Parker提出的条件，但是(but)大问题来了：他拿不出100万美元。12A.help BmercyClu

58、ck Dword解析：选A因为需要100万美元，Jerry给他认识的每一个人打电话以寻求帮助(help)。13A.friend BneighborCassistant Dfan解析：选D前文提到Elvis是著名歌手，可推测Jerry的朋友提到的在西雅图的有钱人正好是Elvis的歌迷(fan)，有可能帮助他。14A.post BleaveClend Dpay解析：选C联系前后文语境可知，那个人在得知详情后愿意借给(lend) Jerry 100万美元。15A.check BincomeCbalance Dperformance解析：选BJerry提供了100万美元后，与Parker达成一致，同意

59、就巡回演出的收入(income)五五分成。16A.successful BfunnyCpositive Dcrazy解析：选A根据后文Jerry赚了几百万美元可知，那次Elvis的巡回演出获得了空前的成功。故选“successful”。17A.achieved BincreasedCfinished Dchanged解析：选B根据语境可知，Jerry的第一次成功增加了(increased)他的自信和雄心壮志。18A.culture BeconomyClecture Dshow解析：选D由第一段可知Jerry的工作是组织演员演出，由此推断他成了演艺业里最成功的经纪人。故选“show”。19A.n

60、eed BworkClose Dmiss解析：选AJerry的故事告诉我们，获得成功除了需要具备远见卓识，在我们需要(need)帮助的时候也要寻求帮助。20A.ahead of Bin short ofCregardless of Din control of解析：选C不管(regardless of)路途中有多少困难，我们也应该付出努力。.短文改错Sang Lan is a former member of the national womens gymnastic team. She hurt himself seriously in a competition at the Goodwi

61、ll Games, what was held in Long Island, New York in 1998. She had been in a wheelchair since then. As she is disable, Sang Lan believes that she will walk again one day. She keeps on exercising for all year round. Many people call her “a brave and confidence girl”. She is an international symbol of courage but is popular in the United States. The brave girl graduated Peking University in 2007. She has set the excellent example to us.答案：第二句：himselfherself; whatwhich第三句：hadhas第四句：AsWhile/Though/Although; disabledisabled第五句：去掉for第六句：confidenceconfident第七句：butand第八句：graduated后加from第九句：thean