高二英语精品学案：UNIT 3 THE SECRET OF SUCCESS（牛津译林版选修11）.doc

1、Unit 3 The secret of success活动一：课文理解Step 1：Welcome to the unitMany people work very hard to become successful in their chosen career. Look at the following pictures of successful individuals and discuss the question below with your partners.Why are/were they so successful?（Please listen and watch ca

2、refully!） Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3 Picture 4 . . . .Step 2：Reading comprehensionFast ReadingRead the text quickly and decide which of the following can best express the main idea of the text.A.Sir Clives stories. B.Sir Clives mini inventions.C.How Sir Clive ran his company. D.Sir Clive Sinclair

3、s life and inventions.Read the text paragraph by paragraph and choose the correct topic sentence for each paragraphPara One A.Sir Clive Sinclair was a famous British businessman and inventor.B.Clives brilliant Childhood.C.Clive got a job at 17.D.Sinclair invented the calculator and was saddened.Para

4、 Two A.Sinclair was unfortunate. B.How Clives ran his first company.C.Sinclair produced his pocket radio in bulk. D.Sinclair registered his own company.Para Three A.Sinclair was the first to make pocket-sized things in the world.B.Sinclairs computer cost only 100 pounds.C.Sinclairs company expended

5、rapidly.D.Clive was very talented at making little things. Para FourA Sinclair studied Economics atCambridge University.B.The advantage of Sinclairs new inventions.C.Sinclairs new invention was laughed at in the newspaper. D.How Sinclairs career underwent a downward slide during the 1980s.Para Five

6、A.Sinclair became chairman of British Mensa.B.How Sinclair saved Mensa as a chairman.C.Sinclair paid personally for an annual Mensa conference at Cambridge. D.Sinclair has been an inventor and a business man.Careful Reading The following is a timeline of important dates in Sinclairs life. Fill in wh

7、at happened in each year.1957Sinclair1961Sinclair1962Sinclair launched1976Sinclair launched1977Sinclair launched1980Sinclair1983Sinclair launchedStep 3：Task-based readingChildhood experienceSinclair was 1_ _ and educated himself.Leaving school for nothing to learn 2_ _ as an assistant editor 3_ deve

8、lopmentHe registered his own company, which was soon 4_ down. A year later, he restarted his company. His products were in great 5_.He exhibited ZX80, which was a real hit. His company developed rapidly. FrustrationHis career underwent a downward slide.His reputation was 6_. 7_ to British MensaMakin

9、g Mensa respected Personally paying for an annual conference Making Mensas membership figures 8_ 9_A combination of intelligence and determination leads to his 10_.Step 4：研究理解句子，并注意划线部分的具体意义1.The man who brought technology to the man in the street.(副标题)2.As a child,Sinclair invented the calculator a

10、nd was saddened to discover that is had already been invented.(P34 L5-6)3. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of his time educating himself.(P34 L6-7)4.By the time he was ten years old, his teachers said that he was already so good at geometry, algebra and arithmetic that they could not

11、 teach him any more maths.(P34 L7-9)By the end of eight months , Sinclair had sold more than 20,000ZX80 computers, making it a real hit.(P34 L 26-27)4.A year later,he restarted his company that had earlier folded.(P34 L16)5.Sinclairs big picture was to produce in bulk and to sell cheaply so that eve

12、ryone could afford electronic goods.(P34 L17-18)6.As soon as he advertised, the company was flooded with demands for the little, cubic-shaped radios.(P34 L18-19)7.The company expanded rapidly, and he even had to open a new center in the USA to cope with the increased demand.(P34 L27-29)8.When Sincla

13、ir joined in 1959, membership was falling, and the society was on its last legs.(P35 L46-47)9.He was honoured in 1983 with a knighthood from the Queen of England in recognition of his efforts and achievements.(P35 L54-55)Homework Complete the article with the words in the box below.(P37 Part E)活动二：合

14、作探究如何运用重要的语言点译出下列词组1.普通人，常人，平民百姓 2.对付，处理 3.使它成为一种热门产品4.极其著名的组织5.同时拥有智慧和决心6.在展览会的展台上/摊位上7.成立了一家公司8.赢得两枚金牌9.赋有智慧 10.某人花时间自学 11.得到一份助理编辑的工作12.注册自己的公司 13.大量地，批量地 14.接到大量定单15在方面极富天赋 16.推出第一个袖珍计算器 17.炫耀,展示 18.应对增长的需求 19.电子工程学 20.走下坡路 21.因为而得到尊重 22.目标是 23.面临瓦解，奄奄一息 24.在他的领导下25.实现梦想 26.被授予爵士头衔 27.承认，认可 1. 2

15、. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 单词拼写1.In senior high school g_ is thought a difficult subject to learn by many girls. 2.After the storm, I found the whole village was f_ with water. 3.With the development of economy, you can see more and

16、 more b_ in the main streets of Nanjing. 4.The company is i_ a new family saloon this year. 5.I_, no one had ever thought of such a simple idea before. 6.He showed r_ courage when he was in such a dangerous situation. 7.In most big cities in China, the housing market is b_ nowadays, which attracts m

17、ore inhabitants and people from the cities nearby. 8.As we all know, the titles or c_ of newspaper articles usually set in large type. 9.On their way to the airport, he added two g_ of fuel to his car. 10.The film “Curse of the Golden flower” was a massive h_ at the box-office this year in China. 11

18、.Dont say any u_ words to your friends, which may hurt them. 12.Ms Wang always spoke k_ to the children so everyone likes her but Ms. Li always makes us feel unkind. 13.Look at the twin sisters! Mary is quite h_ while Kathy is so lazy. 14.It was commonly believed that an honest man wont have a d_ so

19、n. 15.This year I am more f_ compared with the time when I was aimless.词汇研究1.The man who brought technology to the man in the street.(副标题)把科学技术带给大众的人the man in the street意思是“普通人”, “常人”, “大众”, 也可为“ ”2.As a child,Sinclair invented the calculator and was saddened to discover that is had already been in

20、vented.(P34 L5-6)还是个孩子时，辛科莱就发明了计算器，当发现已经有人发明了计算器时他非常伤心。sadden vt. 使难过，使悲伤 saddened adj. 难过的，悲伤的我们得知这个坏消息后很伤心。The bad news us.We at the bad news.人竟能如此残忍，这让她痛心。It her that people could be so cruel. 听到她的死讯，我们深感悲伤。We by the news of her death. It was a day for us all when the school closed down.He looked

21、 at me, shook his head and turned away.sadness n. U 悲哀，忧伤 C 令人悲哀或忧伤的事3. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of his time educating himself.(P34 L6-7) 辛科莱很聪明，他花了很多时间自学成材。bless vt. 保佑，赐福于愿上帝保佑你平安无事。May God bless you and keep you safe from harm. be blessed with”意思是“赋有（能力等），享有（幸福等）”尼科尔生来就有幽默感

22、。Nicole . 尽管他八十多岁了，身体却很好。Though in his eighties, . 4.By the time he was ten years old, his teachers said that he was already so good at geometry, algebraand arithmetic that they could not teach him any more maths.(P34 L7-9) 到他十岁的时候，他的老师们说他是如此擅长结合、代数和算术，以至于他们没办法再教他更多的数学了。By the end of eight months ,

23、Sinclair had sold more than 20,000ZX80 computers, making it a real hit.(P34 L 26-27)八个月后，辛科莱已经售出了超过2万台ZX80电脑，使它成为一时的热门产品。跟下列这些时间状语连用时，谓语动词用什么时态？By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. leftThe construction of the two new rail

24、way lines _ by now. A. has completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completedBy the time he realizes he _into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. A.walks B.walked C.has walked D.had walkedBy the time he was 14 years old, Einstein _ himself advanced mathema

25、tics. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. had taught总结归纳：by/ by the time/ by the end of + 过去时间，谓语动词时态用： by /by the time/by the end of + 将来时间，谓语动词时态用： by /by the time /by the end of + 现在时间，谓语动词时态用： 区别以下词组A. for the first time B. the first time C. by the timeIn 1861, Lincoln was elected President of

26、 the USA_ _._ _he was 11 years old, he had learned the advanced mathematics all by himself.This is_ _I have come to the city._ _I saw her, I knew she was a kind person.making it a real hit现在分词短语作结果状语对比下列两句European soccer is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular game.He hurried

27、 to the supermarket only to find that he didnt bring money with him.选择正确答案Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ _ a record $ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reachingThe news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ _ the film st

28、ars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told4.A year later,he restarted his company that had earlier folded.(P34 L16) 一年之后，他之前倒闭的公司重新开张。fold vt. 折叠，交叠 (反义词：unfold)把信对折，然后把它放进信封。 .fold ones arms 抱着双臂vi. 跨掉，彻底失败，(公司等)倒闭The company following the chairmans death.My business will soon if sal

29、es do not improve.5.Sinclairs big picture was to produce in bulk and to sell cheaply so that everyone could afford electronic goods.(P34 L17-18)辛科莱的理想是大批量地生产，同时很便宜地出售，这样的话每个人都可以买得起电子产品了。短语in bulk意思是“大量地”，in bulk 大量地， 批量地她喜欢批量购买东西，比如面巾纸。She .the bulk of 大部分，主要部分 . 大部分的工作已经完成了。6.As soon as he advertis

30、ed, the company was flooded with demands for the little, cubic-shaped radios.(P34 L18-19)他一做广告后，公司就接到了大量订购这种小立方体收音机的订单。flood n. 洪水; 大量，大批The heavy rain caused floods in the houses by the river. 这场大雨下得河边的房子里都进水了。Theres a flood in the next valley.旁边的山谷被水淹了。a flood of anger/ abuse 大发雷霆，大骂in flood ( 河流)

31、 泛滥vi. & vt. 使淹没 Our street whenever we have rain.我们这条街一下雨就淹水。Every spring the river the valley.每年春天河水都会淹没山谷。flood sth. (with sth.) 使充斥，充满Cheap imported goods the market. 廉价进口商品充斥着市场。be flooded with被所淹没，充满，充斥，大量送至，拥满The market with cheap imitations.廉价赝品已经充斥了市场。The famous couple requests for photos o

32、f their wedding ceremony.这对著名的夫妇收到了大量地要求得到他们婚礼照片的请求。The office applications for the job. 办公室堆满了应征该职的求职信。flood in / into 大量涌入Refugees continue to neighbouring countries. 难民不断涌入邻国。7.The company expanded rapidly, and he even had to open a new center in the USA to cope with the increased demand.(P34 L27

33、-29) 公司发展迅速，他甚至不得不在美国开设了新的办事处以应对增长的需求。 cope with对付，应对我们的计算机要干的事情太多，简直应接不暇。There was too much work for our computer to . 名词“demand”在这里是“需求”的意思There is in China for environmentally-friendly cars. 中国对环保汽车的需求量越来越大。8.When Sinclair joined in 1959, membership was falling, and the society was on its last le

34、gs.(P35 L46-47) 当辛科莱于1959年入会的时候，会员人数正在不断减少，协会正面临瓦解。on its last legs意思是“奄奄一息”该公司在经理退休后到了快要解体的地步。The company .金融危机之中美国一些银行倒闭，剩下的现在也已奄奄一息。During the financial crisis, some banks in America and the rest .9.He was honoured in 1983 with a knighthood from the Queen of England in recognition of his efforts

35、and achievements.(P35 L54-55)作为对他努力和成就的认可，1983年他被英国女王授予爵士头衔。recognition n. 认出，认识，识别；承认，认可 He glanced briefly at her but there was no sign of recognition . 他瞥了她一眼，但她似乎没认出来。 to seek international / official / formal recognition 寻求国际上的/官方的/正式的认可 (to change) beyond/ out of (all) recognition (变得)面目全非，沧海桑

36、田自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。The town has changed since I was last here. 承认他对科学工作的贡献，今年的诺贝尔奖被颁发给他。 , the Nobel Prize was awarded to him.他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成绩的肯定。He received the award over the past year. 巩固练习1._ cleans the blackboard is to be praised. A. Anyone B.Those who C.However D. The one who2.We w

37、ere all very worried over the fact _ you were ill. A. that B.what C.which D.about which3.The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.A. which B.when C.that D.how4._ we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a few.A.When B.As C.Wh

38、ile D.Since 5.I hurried to answer the telephone and it was Mabel, who had been one of my best friends _ we wereat primary school. A.while B.when C.afterD. since 6. What was the party like? Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. fter B.before C.when D.since7._ three more days enough for

39、the work to be finished?I dont think its enough and only after _ go on with itA.Is; does the rain stop we can B.Are; the rain stops can weC.Are; the rain stops we can D.Is; the rain stops can we8.We believe _ you have devoted yourself _ sure to come trueA.that; is B.all that; to be C.that all; are D

40、.what; to is9.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are beingtrained. A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which10.I think that this meal was well worth _was charged for it.A.that B.what C.which D. how many11.Tom loved his wife _ he met her at the

41、university.A. first time B.the first time C. a first time D.for the first time12.Mum is coming. What present for your birthday?A.you expect she has gotB.you expect has she got C.do you expect she has gotD.do you expect has she got13.Once you enter the university, you will be free to study you.A.what

42、ever that interestsB.whatever which interestsC.whatever interestingD.whatever interests14.The authors of computer viruses are geniuses. I agree. They can apply their wisdom to other net technology _ human beings can benefit. A. in which B. through which C. on which D. from which15.Do you know _ youv

43、e done?A.why your parents are pleased with which B.how pleased your parents are with whatC.that your parents are pleased with D.how pleased are your parents for what16.He more than 5000 English words when he entered university at the age of 15.A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had l

44、earned 17.Our chemistry teacher to the lab than he set out to do the experiment.A. has no sooner got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got18.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement_ . A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached II

45、. 句型转换1.I consider my father to be the most important person in my life. My father _ _ _ _ the most important person in my life. 2.What makes my father happy is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, beddings and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads. _ _ _ _ my father happy is being

46、 able to put a loaf of breadon the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads.3.My fathers family came to the USA from China, and they were quite poor when he was a child. My fathers family came from China, and _ _ _ he _ _ _.4.No matter what job he has to do, he does it well, a

47、nd I think that helps him be who he is. _ job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him be _ 5.I also know something about my father that he does not tell anyone. I also know something about my father that _ _ _ _ _.6.My father has given me the confidence to be myself as well. My fat

48、her has helped me _ _ _ _ being myself as well.7.When he was only 14 years old, he had to leave school and start working because his father died, leaving no money and a big family behind. _ _ _ _ 14, he had to _ school and start working because his father _ _, leaving no money and a big family to su

49、pport.8.He also mopped the floor of a hotel every night to give us a special treat or a vacation. Every night he mopped the floor of a hotel _ _ _ he _ _ us a special treat or a vacation.9.It is said that he will go abroad for cleanliness, purity, virtue and innocence. _ _ _ _ go abroad to have furt

50、her education.10.In the next several decades, it is believed that the worlds population will increase to about nine billion people.In the next several decades, the worlds population _ _ _ increase to about nine billion people.III. 短语填空be blessed with in bulk be flooded with cope with on ones last le

51、gs pass away put into prison show off launch into aim to do in recognition of be available to under ones leadership between jobs have an influence on pull through realize ones dream be honored with make a difference in need of1.The book _ his life, and he recommends the book to many people. 2.Mike u

52、sually walks to pub, but today he drove there only to _ his new car. 3.He _ a long series for excuses for his behavior. 4.After the rebellion of the peasants, the Qing Dynasty was _. 5.In the early 1990s many middle-aged people who _ couldnt accept the fact that they dont have to work in their facto

53、ry any more. 6.At his early age, he _ earn more money in order to support his family. 7.He was rewarded by his boss _ his contribution to this project. 8.Since the reform, some modern electronic devices _ ordinary families in China. 9.The local government brought in a new headmaster to our school tw

54、o years ago and _, we have made great progress. 10.It must be difficult to _ three small children and a job. 11.That Greens father _ immediately made him quite sad. 12.Anyone who breaks the law will _. 13.The office buys paper _ to keep down costs. 14.Though in his eighties, he _ good health. 15.Aft

55、er the news is broadcast, the TV station _ letter from the audience. 16.No one thought the patience would _ this time. 17.He has received money from some big companies and makes sure that the money is used to help students who are _ it. 18.He _ the title of “Model Worker”. 19.I am really happy that

56、what I have done can _ on peoples life. 20.We all know it is impossible for everyone to _ but we still work hard at it.Secrets to SuccessAs is known, success is the pursuit of many ambitious people. It requires much of a person. In my 1_ _, above all one should be a person of strong perseverance. Ro

57、me was not 2_ _ in a day. On the way to success, there are undoubtedly many 3_ _in the way. If we lose heart and give 4_ _ halfway, nothing can be 5_. Throughout history, we have had many famous successful people in the world, of 6_ _ no one is weak-minded. 7 _ the great scientist Edison as an examp

58、le, he tried experiment after experiment and had one failure 8_ _ another before he finally invented the light bumb, 9._ _ lighted up the whole world. Success is what one desires. So long as one is 10_, Im sure success is near at hand. Unit 3 Project:My father,my heroStep 1:Read the transcript of a

59、speech “ My father, my hero” and match column A with column B.A BPart 1 A.My fathers constant care about me and my brotherPart 2 B.My fathers hard childhood.Part 3 C.My father made the best Christmas for us.Part 4 D.What I value about my father. Part 5 E.My father helped his friends son go on study.

60、 Part 6 F.My fathers good qualities of success.Part 7 G.My father helps in our local community. Part 8 H.My fathers optimism. Step 2:Read the transcript of a speech “ My father, my hero”and then translate following phrases. 1.把某人看作为2.给某人关心和爱3.被给绊倒4.将某人扶起来5.长期的关爱6.之后留下7.支撑整个家庭8.结婚9.拖地10.给予特殊的款待11.将进罐

61、子12.在架子上13.为了存钱14.成立一个委员会15.使老年人得到娱乐16.发现17.建立一个基金会18.帮助经济有困难的学生19.关心别人的感受20.到处奔波21.善于解决问题22.不值得这样23.有影响，起作用1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Step 3:Read the following sentences，translate them into Englishand and say them in another way.1. (Line 1, pa

62、ge 46)I consider my father to be the most important person in my life.My father the most important person in my life.My father the most important person in my life.My father the most important person in my life. My father the most important person in my life.My father the most important person in my

63、 life.2.(Line3, page 46) Rather, what I value about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family.To be precise / Properly speaking, about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family.3.(Line4, page 46) What makes my father happy is being able to put a loaf of bread on

64、 the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads. my father happy is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads. , is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our h

65、eads.4.（Line11, page46）My fathers family came to the USA from China, and they were quite poor when hewas a child. My fathers family came from China, and he . 5. (Line14, page 46) When he was only fourteen years old, he had to leave school and start working because my grandfather died, leaving no mon

66、ey and a big family behind. 14, he had to school and start working because his father , leaving no money and a big family to support.6.（Line18, page46）He also mopped the floor of a hotel every night to give us a special treat or a vacation. Every night he mopped the floor of a hotel he us a special

67、treat or a vacation.7.（Line24, page46）It was the best Christmas ever.It .It .8. (Line30, page47) I also know something about my father that he does not tell anyone. I also know something about my father that .9.（Line38, page47）He is always zooming around, trying to help others. He .10. (Line44, page

68、47) No matter what job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him to be who he is. job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him be .11. (Line46, page47) My father has given me the confidence to be myself as well. My father has helped me being myself as well.Grammar an

69、d usage委婉语委婉语作为一种语言现象，源自禁忌。在许多社会里，由于文化、宗教、政治、习俗等方面的原因，人们要回避许多事物，不能从事许多行为，这些就形成了人们通常所说的社会禁忌。在人们的日常交往过程中，由于它们的名称也不能提及，因此逐步发展成为语言禁忌。然而，由于种种原因，人们又无法完全回避它们。这时候，人们只好以其它语言表达方式间接地代替它们。这些替代语言表达手段即委婉语。委婉语的英文是euphemism，源于古希腊语。前缀eu的意思是good、well或sounding well；词根phemism的意思是speech，整个字面意义是“words of good omen”（吉利之语）

70、或“good speech”（优雅的说法）。因此，牛津高级词典将委婉语解释为“用一种令人愉快的、听起来顺耳的、委婉有礼的词语来代替令人不快的、听起来刺耳的词语”（example of the use of pleasant，mild of indirect words or phrases in place of more accurate or direct ones）。委婉语的使用，无形中掩盖了事实，因此难怪有人把委婉语称为cosmetic word（化妆词汇），这正符合了英国学者Leech提出的言语交际的礼貌原则。在人们的交往过程中，有些词语使人尴尬，惹人不快，招人厌恶或令人恐惧，如果直

71、接表达出来，给人的印象是粗俗、生硬、刺耳、无礼。如果间接地表达出来则含蓄、中听、悦耳、有礼。由于委婉语具有较强的说服力，拥有很好的修饰效果所以遍及生活中的各个层次，各个角落，倍受人们喜爱。委婉语也已成为英语文化中不可割舍的一部分。1.man in the street 平民，老百姓，普通人 亦作 “ man on the street ” as one man 同心协力；协调一致 be sbs man 最适合的人；最佳人选 every man for himself 人各为己；各人自扫门前雪 be your own man / woman 独立自主； The streets are paved

72、 with gold. 遍地都是黄金（表示在某地挣钱容易）2.pass away 去世；消逝，消失be asleep in the arms of God（安睡在上帝的怀抱中）to be safe in the Arms of Jesus（在耶稣的怀抱中安然无恙）to be at peace（处于平静状态）to be at rest（在休息）to be brought to ones last home （被送回老家）to be gathered to ones fathers（见老祖宗去）to be taken to paradise（被带进天堂）to meet ones maker（去见造

73、物主）to join the angels（加人天使行列）to return to the dust（归人尘土）to cross over(进入来世)、to go to ones long home(入墓)，last round up(送终)等。3.on ones last legs 奄奄一息，行将就木 My car is on its last legs it keeps breaking down. 现补充些许生活中常见的委婉语：原 称 委 婉 语road-sweeper or dustman扫大街的 cleaning operative清洁工人garbage man垃圾处理工 sanit

74、ation engineer卫生工程师foreigner labour外国劳工 guest worker butcher屠夫 meat technologist肉类技术专家traveling salesman推销员 sales representative销售代表pickpocket扒手 a five fingers五指全能者 robber拦路贼 gentleman of the road大路男子 student strike学生罢课 student unrest学生不安Tuberculosis肺结核 lung trouble肺部毛病mad疯子、精神病 a little confused有点反

75、常，神志迷乱deaf聋子 hard of hearing听力有困难fat胖子 weight-watcher观察体重的人另外，学校老师为了让学生及家长在心理上能够承受，用a bit slow（反应有点慢）代替stupid（愚蠢），用need help（需要帮助）代替cheat in the exam（考试作弊），用should devote more diligently to study（学习应该再努力些）代替lazy（懒惰）等。Unit 3 The secret of success活动一：课文理解Step 1：Welcome to the unitMany people work very

76、 hard to become successful in their chosen career. Look at the following pictures of successful individuals and discuss the question below with your partners.Why are/were they so successful? Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3 Picture 4(每幅图都有文字说明和录音)（点击播放即可，播放后要求学生回忆下列主要内容）Huatuo had a kind heart and he w

77、as modest,and hardworkng.He did not value fame or fortune.Bills success lies in the fact that he was hardworking,ambitious,intelligent and competitive.Churchill loved his nations tradition.He was simple and ambitious.The secret of Yao Mings success is not born with,but lies in his hardworking,wisdom

78、 and toughness.Step 2：Reading comprehensionFast ReadingRead the text quickly and decide which of the following can best express the main idea of the text.A.Sir Clives stories. B.Sir Clives mini inventions.C.How Sir Clive ran his company. D.Sir Clive Sinclairs life and inventions.Read the text paragr

79、aph by paragraph and choose the correct topic sentence for each paragraphPara One A.Sir Clive Sinclair was a famous British businessman and inventor.B.Clives brilliant Childhood.C.Clive got a job at 17.D.Sinclair invented the calculator and was saddened.Para Two A.Sinclair was unfortunate. B.How Cli

80、ves ran his first company.C.Sinclair produced his pocket radio in bulk. D.Sinclair registered his own company.Para Three A.Sinclair was the first to make pocket-sized things in the world.B.Sinclairs computer cost only 100 pounds.C.Sinclairs company expended rapidly.D.Clive was very talented at makin

81、g little things. Para FourA Sinclair studied Economics atCambridge University.B.The advantage of Sinclairs new inventions.C.Sinclairs new invention was laughed at in the newspaper. D.How Sinclairs career underwent a downward slide during the 1980s.Para Five A.Sinclair became chairman of British Mens

82、a.B.How Sinclair saved Mensa as a chairman.C.Sinclair paid personally for an annual Mensa conference at Cambridge. D.Sinclair has been an inventor and a business man.Careful Reading The following is a timeline of important dates in Sinclairs life. Fill in what happened in each year.1957Sinclair got

83、a job as an assistant editor for a magazine.1961Sinclair registered/ran his own company.1962Sinclair launched the worlds first pocket calculator.1976Sinclair launched the worlds first digital watch.1977Sinclair launched the worlds first pocket TV.1980Sinclair showed off the ZX80 computer.1983Sinclai

84、r launched his C5 car.Step 3：Task-based readingChildhood experienceSinclair was 1_ _ and educated himself.Leaving school for nothing to learn 2_ _ as an assistant editor 3_ developmentHe registered his own company, which was soon 4_ down. A year later, he restarted his company. His products were in

85、great 5_.He exhibited ZX80, which was a real hit. His company developed rapidly. FrustrationHis career underwent a downward slide.His reputation was 6_. 7_ to British MensaMaking Mensa respected Personally paying for an annual conference Making Mensas membership figures 8_ 9_A combination of intelli

86、gence and determination leads to his 10_.1.talented/gifted, 2.Working, 3.Career, 4.closed, 5.demand/need6.damaged, 7.Contributions, 8.increase/boom, 9.Conclusion,10. successStep 4：研究理解句子，并注意划线部分的具体意义1.The man who brought technology to the man in the street.(副标题)把科学技术带给大众的人2.As a child,Sinclair inven

87、ted the calculator and was saddened to discover that is had already been invented.(P34 L5-6) 还是个孩子时，辛科莱就发明了计算器，当发现已经有人发明了计算器时他非常伤心。3. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of his time educating himself.(P34 L6-7) 辛科莱很聪明，他花了很多时间自学成材。4.By the time he was ten years old, his teachers said that

88、 he was already so good at geometry, algebra and arithmetic that they could not teach him any more maths.(P34 L7-9) 到他十岁的时候，他的老师们说他是如此擅长结合、代数和算术，以至于他们没办法再教他更多的数学了。By the end of eight months , Sinclair had sold more than 20,000ZX80 computers, making it a real hit.(P34 L 26-27)8个月后，辛科莱已经售出了超过2万台ZX80电脑

89、，使它成为一时的热门产品。4.A year later,he restarted his company that had earlier folded.(P34 L16) 一年之后，他之前倒闭的公司重新开张。5.Sinclairs big picture was to produce in bulk and to sell cheaply so that everyone could afford electronic goods.(P34 L17-18)辛科莱的理想是大批量地生产，同时很便宜地出售，这样的话每个人都可以买得起电子产品了。6.As soon as he advertised,

90、 the company was flooded with demands for the little, cubic-shaped radios.(P34 L18-19) 他一做广告后，公司就接到了大量订购这种小立方体收音机的订单。7.The company expanded rapidly, and he even had to open a new center in the USA to cope with the increased demand.(P34 L27-29) 公司发展迅速，他甚至不得不在美国开设了新的办事处以应对增长的需求。8.When Sinclair joined

91、in 1959, membership was falling, and the society was on its last legs.(P35 L46-47) 当辛科莱于1959年入会的时候，会员人数正在不断减少，协会正面临瓦解。9.He was honoured in 1983 with a knighthood from the Queen of England in recognition of his efforts and achievements.(P35 L54-55) 作为对他努力和成就的认可，1983年他被英国女王授予爵士头衔。活动二：合作探究如何运用重要的语言点译出下

92、列词组：1.普通人，常人，平民百姓a man in the street 2.对付，处理cope with 3.使它成为一种热门产品 make it a real hit4.极其著名的组织an incredibly well-known organization5.同时拥有智慧和决心possess a combination of intelligence and determination6.在展览会的展台上/摊位at a booth in an exhibition7.成立了一家公司establish a company8.赢得两枚金牌win two gold medals9.赋有智慧be

93、 blessed with brains10.某人花时间自学spend time educating oneself11.得到一份助理编辑的工作get a job as an assistant editor12.注册自己的公司register ones own company13.大量地，批量地in bulk 14.接到大量定单be flooded with demands for 15在方面极富天赋be talented at 16.推出第一个袖珍计算器launch the first pocket calculator17.炫耀,展示show off18.应对增长的需求cope with

94、 the increase demand 19.电子工程学electronic engineering20.走下坡路undergo a downward slide 21.因为而得到尊重be respected for 22.目标是aim to 23.面临瓦解，奄奄一息on ones last legs 24.在他的领导下under his leadership25.实现梦想realize ones dream 26.被授予爵士头衔be honored with a knighthood27.承认，认可in recognition of单词拼写1.In senior high school g

95、_ is thought a difficult subject to learn by many girls. 2.After the storm, I found the whole village was f_ with water. 3.With the development of economy, you can see more and more b_ in the main streets of Nanjing. 4.The company is i_ a new family saloon this year. 5.I_, no one had ever thought of

96、 such a simple idea before. 6.He showed r_ courage when he was in such a dangerous situation. 7.In most big cities in China, the housing market is b_ nowadays, which attracts more inhabitants and people from the cities nearby. 8.As we all know, the titles or c_ of newspaper articles usually set in l

97、arge type. 9.On their way to the airport, he added two g_ of fuel to his car. 10.The film “Curse of the Golden flower” was a massive h_ at the box-office this year in China. 11.Dont say any u_ words to your friends, which may hurt them. 12.Ms Wang always spoke k_ to the children so everyone likes he

98、r but Ms. Li always makes us feel unkind. 13.Look at the twin sisters! Mary is quite h_ while Kathy is so lazy. 14.It was commonly believed that an honest man wont have a d_ son. 15.This year I am more f_ compared with the time when I was aimless.(1 geometry 2 flooded 3 booths 4 introducing 5 Incred

99、ibly 6 remarkable 7 booming8.captions 9 gallons 10 hit 11. unfriendly 12 kindly 13 hard-working 14 dishonest 15 focused)词汇研究1.The man who brought technology to the man in the street.(副标题)把科学技术带给大众的人the man in the street意思是“普通人”, “常人”, “大众”, 也可为“man on the street”2.As a child,Sinclair invented the ca

100、lculator and was saddened to discover that is had already been invented.(P34 L5-6)还是个孩子时，辛科莱就发明了计算器，当发现已经有人发明了计算器时他非常伤心。sadden vt. 使难过，使悲伤 saddened adj. 难过的，悲伤的我们得知这个坏消息后很伤心。The bad news saddened us.We were saddened at the bad news.人竟能如此残忍，这让她痛心。It saddened her that people could be so cruel. 听到她的死讯，

101、我们深感悲伤。We were deeply saddened by the news of her death. sad adj. 悲哀的，伤心的，难过的It was a sad day for us all when the school closed down. sadly adv. adv. 悲哀地，忧愁地，不幸地He looked sadly at me, shook his head and turned away.sadness n. U 悲哀，忧伤 C 令人悲哀或忧伤的事3. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of h

102、is time educating himself.(P34 L6-7) 辛科莱很聪明，他花了很多时间自学成材。bless vt. 保佑，赐福于愿上帝保佑你平安无事。May God bless you and keep you safe from harm. be blessed with”意思是“赋有（能力等），享有（幸福等）”尼科尔生来就有幽默感。Nicole has been blessed with a sense of humour. 尽管他八十多岁了，身体却很好。Though in his eighties, he is blessed with good health. 4.By

103、 the time he was ten years old, his teachers said that he was already so good at geometry, algebraand arithmetic that they could not teach him any more maths.(P34 L7-9) 到他十岁的时候，他的老师们说他是如此擅长结合、代数和算术，以至于他们没办法再教他更多的数学了。By the end of eight months , Sinclair had sold more than 20,000ZX80 computers, makin

104、g it a real hit.(P34 L 26-27)八个月后，辛科莱已经售出了超过2万台ZX80电脑，使它成为一时的热门产品。跟下列这些时间状语连用时，谓语动词用什么时态？By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. leftThe construction of the two new railway lines _ by now. A. has completed B. have completed

105、C. have been completed D. has been completedBy the time he realizes he _into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. A.walks B.walked C.has walked D.had walkedBy the time he was 14 years old, Einstein _ himself advanced mathematics. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. had taught总

106、结归纳：by/ by the time/ by the end of + 过去时间，谓语动词时态用：过去完成时by /by the time/by the end of + 将来时间，谓语动词时态用：将来完成时by /by the time /by the end of + 现在时间，谓语动词时态用：现在完成时区别以下词组A. for the first time B. the first time C. by the timeIn 1861, Lincoln was elected President of the USA_ _._ _he was 11 years old, he had

107、learned the advanced mathematics all by himself.This is_ _I have come to the city._ _I saw her, I knew she was a kind person.ACBBmaking it a real hit现在分词短语作结果状语对比下列两句European soccer is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular game.He hurried to the supermarket only to find that h

108、e didnt bring money with him.选择正确答案Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ _ a record $ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reachingThe news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ _ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told

109、C. telling D. told4.A year later,he restarted his company that had earlier folded.(P34 L16) 一年之后，他之前倒闭的公司重新开张。fold vt. 折叠，交叠 (反义词：unfold)把信对折，然后把它放进信封。Fold the letter in two before putting it in the envelope.fold ones arms 抱着双臂vi. 跨掉，彻底失败，(公司等)倒闭The company folded (up) following the chairmans death.

110、My business will fold soon if sales do not improve.5.Sinclairs big picture was to produce in bulk and to sell cheaply so that everyone could afford electronic goods.(P34 L17-18)辛科莱的理想是大批量地生产，同时很便宜地出售，这样的话每个人都可以买得起电子产品了。in bulk 大量地， 批量地她喜欢批量购买东西，比如面巾纸。She prefers buying things like tissues in bulk.th

111、e bulk of 大部分，主要部分The bulk of the work has already been finished. 大部分的工作已经完成了。6.As soon as he advertised, the company was flooded with demands for the little, cubic-shaped radios.(P34 L18-19)他一做广告后，公司就接到了大量订购这种小立方体收音机的订单。flood n. 洪水; 大量，大批The heavy rain caused floods in the houses by the river. 这场大雨

112、下得河边的房子里都进水了。Theres a flood in the next valley.旁边的山谷被水淹了。a flood of anger/ abuse 大发雷霆，大骂in flood ( 河流) 泛滥vi. & vt. 使淹没 Our street floods whenever we have rain.我们这条街一下雨就淹水。Every spring the river floods the valley.每年春天河水都会淹没山谷。flood sth. (with sth.) 使充斥，充满Cheap imported goods are flooding the market.

113、廉价进口商品充斥着市场。be flooded with被所淹没，充满，充斥，大量送至，拥满The market has been flooded with cheap imitations.廉价赝品已经充斥了市场。The famous couple were flooded with requests for photos of their wedding ceremony.这对著名的夫妇收到了大量地要求得到他们婚礼照片的请求。The office was flooded with applications for the job. 办公室堆满了应征该职的求职信。flood in / into

114、 大量涌入Refugees continue to flood into neighbouring countries. 难民不断涌入邻国。7.The company expanded rapidly, and he even had to open a new center in the USA to cope with the increased demand.(P34 L27-29) 公司发展迅速，他甚至不得不在美国开设了新的办事处以应对增长的需求。 cope with对付，应对我们的计算机要干的事情太多，简直应接不暇。There was too much work for our co

115、mputer to cope with. 名词“demand”在这里是“需求”的意思There is a growing demand in China for environmentally-friendly cars. 中国对环保汽车的需求量越来越大。8.When Sinclair joined in 1959, membership was falling, and the society was on its last legs.(P35 L46-47) 当辛科莱于1959年入会的时候，会员人数正在不断减少，协会正面临瓦解。on its last legs意思是“奄奄一息”该公司在经理

116、退休后到了快要解体的地步。The company was on its last legs after the manager retired.金融危机之中美国一些银行倒闭，剩下的现在也已奄奄一息。During the financial crisis, some banks in America have folded and the rest are on their last legs.9.He was honoured in 1983 with a knighthood from the Queen of England in recognition of his efforts an

117、d achievements.(P35 L54-55)作为对他努力和成就的认可，1983年他被英国女王授予爵士头衔。recognition n. 认出，认识，识别；承认，认可 He glanced briefly at her but there was no sign of recognition . 他瞥了她一眼，但她似乎没认出来。 to seek international / official / formal recognition 寻求国际上的/官方的/正式的认可 (to change) beyond/ out of (all) recognition (变得)面目全非，沧海桑田自

118、从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here. 承认他对科学工作的贡献，今年的诺贝尔奖被颁发给他。In recognition of his contribution to scientific work, the Nobel Prize was awarded to him.他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成绩的肯定。He received the award in recognition of his success over the past year. 巩

119、固练习I. 单项选择1._ cleans the blackboard is to be praised. A. Anyone B.Those who C.However D. The one who2.We were all very worried over the fact _ you were ill. A. that B.what C.which D.about which3.The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.A. which B.when C.tha

120、t D.how4._ we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a few.A.When B.As C.While D.Since 5.I hurried to answer the telephone and it was Mabel, who had been one of my best friends _ we wereat primary school. A.while B.when C.afterD. since 6. What was the party like? Wonde

121、rful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. fter B.before C.when D.since7._ three more days enough for the work to be finished?I dont think its enough and only after _ go on with itA.Is; does the rain stop we can B.Are; the rain stops can weC.Are; the rain stops we can D.Is; the rain stops can we

122、8.We believe _ you have devoted yourself _ sure to come trueA.that; is B.all that; to be C.that all; are D.what; to is9.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are beingtrained. A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which10.I think that this meal was

123、well worth _was charged for it.A.that B.what C.which D. how many11.Tom loved his wife _ he met her at the university.A. first time B.the first time C. a first time D.for the first time12.Mum is coming. What present for your birthday?A.you expect she has gotB.you expect has she got C.do you expect sh

124、e has gotD.do you expect has she got13.Once you enter the university, you will be free to study you.A.whatever that interestsB.whatever which interestsC.whatever interestingD.whatever interests14.The authors of computer viruses are geniuses. I agree. They can apply their wisdom to other net technolo

125、gy _ human beings can benefit. A. in which B. through which C. on which D. from which15.Do you know _ youve done?A.why your parents are pleased with which B.how pleased your parents are with whatC.that your parents are pleased with D.how pleased are your parents for what16.He more than 5000 English

126、words when he entered university at the age of 15.A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 17.Our chemistry teacher to the lab than he set out to do the experiment.A. has no sooner got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got18.At the end of the meeting, it w

127、as announced that an agreement_ . A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached 1-5 DACCD 6-10 DDDDB 11-15 BCDDB 16-18DDBII. 句型转换1.I consider my father to be the most important person in my life. My father _ _ _ _ the most important person in my life. 2.What makes my father h

128、appy is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, beddings and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads. _ _ _ _ my father happy is being able to put a loaf of breadon the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads.3.My fathers family came to the USA from China, and th

129、ey were quite poor when he was a child. My fathers family came from China, and _ _ _ he _ _ _ _.4.No matter what job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him be who he is. _ job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him be _ 5.I also know something about my father th

130、at he does not tell anyone. I also know something about my father that _ _ _ _ _.6.My father has given me the confidence to be myself as well. My father has helped me _ _ _ _ being myself as well.7.When he was only 14 years old, he had to leave school and start working because his father died, leavi

131、ng no money and a big family behind. _ _ _ _ 14, he had to _ school and start working because his father _ _, leaving no money and a big family to support.8.He also mopped the floor of a hotel every night to give us a special treat or a vacation. Every night he mopped the floor of a hotel _ _ _ he _

132、 _ us a special treat or a vacation.9.It is said that he will go abroad for cleanliness, purity, virtue and innocence. _ _ _ _ go abroad to have further education.10.In the next several decades, it is believed that the worlds population will increase to about nine billion people.In the next several

133、decades, the worlds population _ _ _ increase to about nine billion people.1.is considered to be 2.The thing that/ which makes3.in his childhood; led/ lived a poor life 4.Whatever; himself5.is not known by others 6.to be confident of7.At the age of; quit; passed away 8.in order that; could give9.He

134、is said to 10.is believed toIII. 短语填空be blessed with in bulk be flooded with cope with on ones last legs pass away put into prison show off launch into aim to do in recognition of be available to under ones leadership between jobs have an influence on pull through realize ones dream be honored with

135、make a difference in need of1. The book _ his life, and he recommends the book to many people. 2. Mike usually walks to pub, but today he drove there only to _ his new car. 3. He _ a long series for excuses for his behavior. 4. After the rebellion of the peasants, the Qing Dynasty was _. 5. In the e

136、arly 1990s many middle-aged people who _ couldnt accept the fact that they dont have to work in their factory any more. 6. At his early age, he _ earn more money in order to support his family. 7. He was rewarded by his boss _ his contribution to this project. 8. Since the reform, some modern electr

137、onic devices _ ordinary families in China. 9. The local government brought in a new headmaster to our school two years ago and _, we have made great progress. 10. It must be difficult to _ three small children and a job. 11. That Greens father _ immediately made him quite sad. 12. Anyone who breaks

138、the law will _. 13. The office buys paper _ to keep down costs. 14. Though in his eighties, he _ good health. 15. After the news is broadcast, the TV station _ letter from the audience. 16. No one thought the patience would _ this time. 17. He has received money from some big companies and makes sur

139、e that the money is used to help students who are _ it. 18. He _ the title of “Model Worker”. 19. I am really happy that what I have done can _ on peoples life. 20. We all know it is impossible for everyone to _ but we still work hard at it.(1 has an influence on 2 show off 3 launched into 4 on its

140、last legs 5 are between jobs6 aimed to 7 in recognition of 8 are available to 9 under his leadership 10 cope with 11 passed away 12 be put into prison 13 in bulk 14 is blessed with 15 is flooded with 16 pull through 17 in need of 18 was honored with 19 make a difference 20 realize his dream)巩固检查：填空S

141、ecrets to SuccessAs is known, success is the pursuit of many ambitious people. It requires much of a person. In my 1_ _, above all one sh -ould be a person of strong perseverance. Rome was not 2_ in a day. On the way to success, there are undoubtedly many 3_ _in the way. If we lose heart and give 4_

142、 _ halfway, nothing can be 5_. Throughout history, we have had many famous successful people in the world, of 6_ _ no one is weak-minded. 7 _ the great scientist Edison as an example, he tried experiment after experiment and had one failure 8_ _ another before he finally invented the light bumb, 9._

143、 _ lighted up the whole world. Success is what one desires. So long as one is 10_, Im sure success is near at hand. As is known, success is the pursuit of many ambitious people. It requires much of a person. In my 1.opinion, above all one should be a person of strong perseverance. Rome was not 2.bui

144、lt in a day. On the way to success, there are undoubtedly many 3.difficulties in the way. If we lose heart and give 4.up halfway, nothing can be 5.achieved/gained/got. Throughout history, we have had many famous successful people in the world, of 6.which no one is weak-minded. 7.Take the great scien

145、tist Edison as an example, he tried experiment after experiment and had one failure 8.after another before he finally invented the light bumb, 9.which lighted up the whole world. Success is what one desires. So long as one is 10 hardworking_, Im sure success is near at hand.Unit 3 Project:My father,

146、my heroStep 1:Read the transcript of a speech “ My father, my hero” and match column A with column B.A BPart 1 A.My fathers constant care about me and my brotherPart 2 B.My fathers hard childhood.Part 3 C.My father made the best Christmas for us.Part 4 D.What I value about my father. Part 5 E.My fat

147、her helped his friends son go on study. Part 6 F.My fathers good qualities of success.Part 7 G.My father helps in our local community. Part 8 H.My fathers optimism. 1-4DABC 5-8GEFHStep 2:Read the transcript of a speech “ My father, my hero”and then translate following phrases. 1.把某人看作为1. consider sb

148、. As( regardas/treatas/look upon/onasthink ofas)2.给某人关心和爱 2. show care and love for sb.3.被给绊倒3. sb. trip on sth.4.将某人扶起来4. pick sb. up5.长期的关爱 5. constant care6.之后留下6. leave behind7.支撑整个家庭7. support the family8.结婚8. get married9.拖地9. mop the floor10.给予特殊的款待10. give a special treat11.将放进罐子11. put sth.

149、 into a jar12.在架子上12. on a shelf13.为了存钱13. save money for14.成立一个委员会14. set up a committee15.使老年人得到娱乐 15. entertain the elderly16.发现 16. find out 17.建立一个基金会17. set up a fund18.帮助经济有困难的学生 18. help students in financial difficulties 19.关心别人的感受19. care about how people feel20.到处奔波 20. zoom around21.善于解决

150、问题 21. be great at problem-solving22.不值得这样22. It is not worth it.23.有影响，起作用23. make a differenceStep 3:Read the following sentences，translate them into Englishand and say them in another way.1. (Line 1, page 46)I consider my father to be the most important person in my life. 我认为我父亲是我生命中最重要的人。My fath

151、er is considered to be the most important person in my life.My father is considered as the most important person in my life.My father is treated as the most important person in my life. My father is looked on/upon as the most important person in my life.My father is thought of as the most important

152、person in my life.2.(Line3, page 46) Rather, what I value about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family.确切地说，我觉得父亲最重要的是他给我和家庭的关心和关爱。To be precise / Properly speaking,the thing that/ which I value about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family.3.(Line4, page 4

153、6) What makes my father happy is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads.令父亲开心的是，能够在桌上放上面包，在我们的床上铺上被褥，给我们提供一个栖身之处。The thing that/ which makes my father happy is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, bedding and quilts on our

154、beds and a roof over our heads.To my fathers joy,he is being able to put a loaf of bread on the table, bedding and quilts on our beds and a roof over our heads.4.（Line11, page46）My fathers family came to the USA from China, and they were quite poor when hewas a child. 父亲的一家从中国来到美国，当他还是个孩子时，他们家非常穷。 M

155、y fathers family came from China, and in his childhood he led/ lived a poor life. 5. (Line14, page 46) When he was only fourteen years old, he had to leave school and start working because my grandfather died, leaving no money and a big family behind.当他只有14岁时，就不得不离开学校开始工作，因为我的祖父去世了，什么钱也没留下，只留下了一个大家庭

156、。At the age of 14, he had to leave/quit school and start working because his father passed away, leaving no money and a big family to support.6.（Line18, page46）He also mopped the floor of a hotel every night to give us a special treat or a vacation. 每天晚上他还到一家宾馆拖地，以便可以给我们一份特殊的款待或一次假期。 Every night he

157、mopped the floor of a hotel in order that he could give us a special treat or a vacation.7.（Line24, page46）It was the best Christmas ever.那是有史以来最棒的圣诞节。It was the best Christmats since I was born.It was years since I enjoyed myself at Christmas.8. (Line30, page47) I also know something about my fathe

158、r that he does not tell anyone. 我还知道父亲的一些事，这些事他没有告诉过别人。 I also know something about my father that is not known to/by others.9.（Line38, page47）He is always zooming around, trying to help others. 他总是马不停蹄地到处奔波，试图帮助其他人。 He is always trying to help others.10. (Line44, page47) No matter what job he has t

159、o do, he does it well, and I think that helps him to be who he is. 不论做的是什么工作，他都做得很好，我想这让他成为了现在的他。 Whatever job he has to do, he does it well, and I think that helps him be himself.11. (Line46, page47) My father has given me the confidence to be myself as well. 父亲也给了我以信心做我自己。 My father has helped me

160、to be confident of being myself as well.Grammar and usage委婉语委婉语作为一种语言现象，源自禁忌。在许多社会里，由于文化、宗教、政治、习俗等方面的原因，人们要回避许多事物，不能从事许多行为，这些就形成了人们通常所说的社会禁忌。在人们的日常交往过程中，由于它们的名称也不能提及，因此逐步发展成为语言禁忌。然而，由于种种原因，人们又无法完全回避它们。这时候，人们只好以其它语言表达方式间接地代替它们。这些替代语言表达手段即委婉语。委婉语的英文是euphemism，源于古希腊语。前缀eu的意思是good、well或sounding well；词根p

161、hemism的意思是speech，整个字面意义是“words of good omen”（吉利之语）或“good speech”（优雅的说法）。因此，牛津高级词典将委婉语解释为“用一种令人愉快的、听起来顺耳的、委婉有礼的词语来代替令人不快的、听起来刺耳的词语”（example of the use of pleasant，mild of indirect words or phrases in place of more accurate or direct ones）。委婉语的使用，无形中掩盖了事实，因此难怪有人把委婉语称为cosmetic word（化妆词汇），这正符合了英国学者Leech

162、提出的言语交际的礼貌原则。在人们的交往过程中，有些词语使人尴尬，惹人不快，招人厌恶或令人恐惧，如果直接表达出来，给人的印象是粗俗、生硬、刺耳、无礼。如果间接地表达出来则含蓄、中听、悦耳、有礼。由于委婉语具有较强的说服力，拥有很好的修饰效果所以遍及生活中的各个层次，各个角落，倍受人们喜爱。委婉语也已成为英语文化中不可割舍的一部分。1.man in the street 平民，老百姓，普通人 亦作 “ man on the street ” as one man 同心协力；协调一致 be sbs man 最适合的人；最佳人选 every man for himself 人各为己；各人自扫门前雪 b

163、e your own man / woman 独立自主； The streets are paved with gold. 遍地都是黄金（表示在某地挣钱容易）2.pass away 去世；消逝，消失be asleep in the arms of God（安睡在上帝的怀抱中）to be safe in the Arms of Jesus（在耶稣的怀抱中安然无恙）to be at peace（处于平静状态）to be at rest（在休息）to be brought to ones last home （被送回老家）to be gathered to ones fathers（见老祖宗去）to

164、 be taken to paradise（被带进天堂）to meet ones maker（去见造物主）to join the angels（加人天使行列）to return to the dust（归人尘土）to cross over(进入来世)、to go to ones long home(入墓)，last round up(送终)等。3.on ones last legs 奄奄一息，行将就木 My car is on its last legs it keeps breaking down. 现补充些许生活中常见的委婉语：原 称 委 婉 语road-sweeper or dustma

165、n扫大街的 cleaning operative清洁工人garbage man垃圾处理工 sanitation engineer卫生工程师foreigner labour外国劳工 guest worker butcher屠夫 meat technologist肉类技术专家traveling salesman推销员 sales representative销售代表pickpocket扒手 a five fingers五指全能者 robber拦路贼 gentleman of the road大路男子 student strike学生罢课 student unrest学生不安Tuberculosis

166、肺结核 lung trouble肺部毛病mad疯子、精神病 a little confused有点反常，神志迷乱deaf聋子 hard of hearing听力有困难fat胖子 weight-watcher观察体重的人另外，学校老师为了让学生及家长在心理上能够承受，用a bit slow（反应有点慢）代替stupid（愚蠢），用need help（需要帮助）代替cheat in the exam（考试作弊），用should devote more diligently to study（学习应该再努力些）代替lazy（懒惰）等。高考资源网()来源：高考资源网版权所有：高考资源网(www.k s 5 )版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：(www.)