2019年英语新同步浙江专用选修七讲义：UNIT 5 SECTION Ⅰ WARMING UP .doc

1、During early adulthood your worldview is still being formed.Its important to manage this time to give yourself opportunities to grow. A good way to do that is to travel. There are three reasons to travel while youre young：1Travelling teaches you to live an adventureYou should take the time to see th

2、e world and taste the fullness of life. Its worth whatever investment or money or sacrifice of time required on your part. Its not about being a tourist. Its about experiencing true risk and adventure so you dont have to live in fear for the rest of your life.2Travelling helps you encounter compassi

3、on (同情)Travelling will put you in places that will force you to care for issues that are bigger than you. If you go to Southeast Asia, you may encounter (遭遇) the slave trade. If Eastern Europe, you may see the effects of genocide (大屠杀) and religious persecution (宗教迫害)3Travelling allows you to get so

4、me cultureWhile youre still young, you should get cultured. Get to know the world and the magnificent people that fill it.Theres nothing quite like walking alongside the Coliseum or seeing Michelangelos David in person. I can describe the city of San Juan and its amazing beaches and historic sites t

5、o you, but you really have to see it for yourself to experience it. You can read all the books in the world about the Great Wall of China or The Louvre, but being there is a different story.Section_Warming Up & Reading Prereading KEEP IT UP， XIE LEIChinese student fitting in wellSix months ago Xie L

6、ei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded a plane for London. It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. “After getting my visa I was very excited because I had dreamed of this day for so long. But I was also very nervous as I didnt know what to expect，” Xie Lei tol

7、d me when I saw her waiting in a queue at the student cafeteria between lectures.Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification. She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course. Xie

8、Lei highly recommends it. “The preparation course is most beneficial，” she said. “Studying here is quite different from studying in China, so you need some preparation first.”keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去fit in相适应；相融和say goodbye to跟说再见board a plane登上飞机句式“It is/was the first/second . timethat .”这是某人第一/二/次做(

9、从句用完成时时态)。motherland /mlnd/ n祖国visa /viz/ n签证“what to expect”是“疑问词动词不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语。see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人在做某事”。queue /kju/ n队列；行列 vi.排队cafeteria /kftIrI/ n自助食堂；自助餐厅lecture /lekt/ n& vi.演讲；讲课qualification /kwlIfIkeIn/ n资格；资历preparation /prepreIn/ n准备；预备apply for申请which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the prepara

10、tion year。recommend /rekmend/ vt.推荐；建议beneficial adj.有益的，有好处的谢蕾，再接再厉中国学生适应能力强第12段译文六个月前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了前往伦敦的飞机。这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰到正在排队的谢蕾，她告诉我说：“拿到签证后我很激动，因为我梦想这一天已经很久了。但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。”谢蕾今年21岁，来我们大学上学，希望获得工商管理资格证书。大多数外籍学生在申请学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。她强力推荐它。她说：“预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中

11、国学习是相当不同的。你需要事先做些准备。”“Its not just study thats difficult. You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning，” explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China. She told me that she had had to learn almost everything agai

12、n. “Sometimes I felt like a child，” she said. “I had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare, and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didnt know the English for. When I got lost and had to ask a passerby for directions, I didnt always understand. They dont talk like they do on our listen

13、ing tapes，” she said, laughing.,Its . that .是强调句型，强调主语not just study。get used to习惯于此处which指代“a whole new way of life”，引导非限制性定语从句。take up占用(时间)；继续；开始做。concentration n注意力此处who指代Xie Lei，引导非限制性定语从句。shopkeeper /pkip/ n店主I didnt know .是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词things，关系代词在从句中作介词for的宾语。passerby n过路人此处li

14、ke用作连词，引导方式状语从句，相当于as。现在分词laughing作said的伴随状语。第3段译文“困难不仅仅是在学习方面，你得适应一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部精力。”谢蕾解释说。她在中国时一直居住在同一座城市。她告诉我，几乎每件事她都得重新学习。她说：“有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的，我得学习如何使用电话，乘公交车时该怎样付款，在商店不知道商品的英文名字，又怎样问店主。当我迷路不得不向过路的行人问路时，时常听不懂他们说的话。他们不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样说话。”谢蕾说着笑了。Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her

15、 lots of good advice. Although some foreign students live in student accommodation or apartments, some choose to board with English families. Living with host families, in which there may be other college students， gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. “When I hear an idiomthat I

16、 dont understand， I can ask my host family for help，” explains Xie Lei. “Also, when I miss my family, its a great comfort to have a substitutefamily to be with.”who引导定语从句，who指代a host family。although引导让步状语从句。accommodation n住宿board with 和搭伙动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。in which引导非限制性定语从句可换成where。give sb. the

17、 chance to do .给某人机会做idiom /IdIm/ n习语；成语that 引导定语从句，修饰an idiom, that可以省略。comfort /kmft/ n舒适；安慰 vt.安慰substitute /sbstItjut/ n代替者；代用品 vt.用代替(常与for搭配)第4段译文谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起，他们给了她许多好的建议。虽然有些外国学生住在学生宿舍或公寓房，但有些学生却选择寄宿在英国人的家中。房东家也许会住着其他大学生，跟这样的家庭住在一起给她提供了机会更好地了解新文化。“当我听到我不理解的习语时，我可以向房东家里的人请教，”谢蕾解释说。“还有，当我想家的时候，

18、房东家就可以代替我家，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。”Xie Leis preparation course is helping her to get used to the academicrequirements of a Western university. “I remember the first essay I did for my tutor，” she told me. “I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exactly the information I needed. So I made a s

19、ummary of the article, revised my draft and handed the essay in. I thought I would get a really good mark but I got an E. I was numb with shock! So I went to my tutor to ask the reason for his revision. First of all, he told me, I couldnt write what other people had said without acknowledging them.

20、Besides, as far as he was concerned， what other people thought was not the most important thing. He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain d

21、ifferent opinions and analyse what I read. Then, in my essay, I should give my own opinion and explain it by referring to other authors. Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors Id read! At first I lacked confidence, but now Im beginning to get the idea and my marks have improved. Mor

22、e importantly， I am now a more autonomous learner.”,helping her to get used to .是动名词短语作表语。academic /kdemIk/ adj.学校的；学术的requirement /rIkwaImnt/ n需要；要求essay /eseI/ n文章；散文tutor /tjut/ n导师；助教；家庭教师make a summary of 对做总结revise /rIvaIz/ vt.复查；修正；复习draft /drft/ n草稿；草案 vt.草拟；起草hand in上交numb /nm/ adj.麻木的；失去知觉

23、的revision /rIvIn/ n复查；修正；复习acknowledge /knlId/ vt.承认；确认；答谢as far as one is concerned就而言what引导主语从句，在从句中作thought的宾语。confuse vt.混淆；使混乱far为程度副词，表示“远远”，修饰形容词或副词的比较级。analyse vt.分析；统计refer to此处意为“参考，查阅”，还可表示“提到，提及；指的是；涉及”。contradict /kntrdIkt/ vt.反驳；驳斥more importantly 更重要的是autonomous /tnms/ adj.自主的；自治的；独立的

24、第5段译文谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学在学术方面的要求。她对我说：“我还记得我交给导师的第一篇论文。我在网上找到一篇文章，看起来跟我所需要的信息恰好一样。于是我就那篇论文写了一篇类似小结性的文章，修改了草稿，然后把文章交了上去。我原以为我会得到高分的，但是结果得了E。我非常吃惊！于是我去找导师问修改的原因。他告诉我，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。他想要知道的是我所想的是什么，这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为我认为该文章的作者比我知道的多得多。导师给我解释说，我应阅读大量的、包含不同观点的文章，并对其进行分析。然后，在我的论文中，我得表明我自己的观

25、点，并且引用其他作者的观点来说明。最后，他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点！起初，我缺乏信心，而现在我开始懂得了，我的分数也已经有所提高了。更重要的是，我现在能更加自主地学习了。”Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at homein England now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal. “Ive just got one more thing to achieve. I have been so occupied with work tha

26、t I havent had time for social activities. I think its important to have a balance between study and a social life, so Im going to join a few clubs. Hopefully Ill make some new friends.”We will follow Xie Leis progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now, we wish Xie Lei all the best in

27、her new enterprise. She deserves to succeed.,feel at home感觉自在，无拘束what had seemed . normal中，what had seemed very strange before是主语从句，谓语动词是appears。appear在此是连系动词，意为“看起来”，后跟形容词normal作表语。so . that .“如此以至于”，在此引导结果状语从句。occupy /kjpaI/ vt.占用；占领；占据be occupied with(be occupied in doing)忙着做，忙于某事物wish sb. all th

28、e best祝愿某人一切顺利enterprise /entpraIz/ n事业；事业心deserve v值得，应受，应得，其后接不定式。第67段译文谢蕾告诉我，现在她在英国感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今出现似乎很正常了。“我还有一件事要做。我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。我认为保持学习与社会生活之间的平衡是很重要的，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部，我希望会结识一些新朋友。”,关于谢蕾的进步，我们将在今后几期的报纸中做跟踪报道，同时我们衷心祝愿她学业有成。她应该取得成功。对应学生用书P81PrereadingPlease match the words with their pro

29、per meanings.1recommendAto agree to the truth of; recognize the fact or existence2comfort Bto declare(a person, opinion, something written or spoken) to be wrong or untruthful3acknowledge Cto take and hold possession of; to fill (a certain position, space or time) 4draft Dthe country where one was b

30、orn or that you feel you belong to5contradict Ethe state of being free from anxiety, pain or suffering; complete contentment6substitute Fthe first rough written form of anything or a rough plan 7occupy Gto put (something or someone) in place of another 8motherland Hto advise or suggest答案：15HEAFB68GC

31、DLeadin1Look at the following worldfamous landmarks and write down the countries or cities they belong to.(1)Egypt(2)The_United_States_(New_York)(3)The_United_Kingdom (4)France_(Paris)(5)Italy_(Rome)(6)Australia_(Sydney)2What should we take into consideration before we decide to travel abroad? 参考答案：

32、Money; Transportation; Making plans; Apply for a visa; Language; Local conditions and customs and so on.WhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and then match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1AXie Lei is getting used to the Western Universitys way of learning.Para.2 BThe newspaper will follow Xi

33、e Leis progress in later editions.Para.3 CThe general introduction to Xie Lei and her study.Para.4 DThe advantages of living with a host family.Para.5 EXie Lei, a Chinese girl, is studying in a foreign country London.Para.6 FThe difficulties Xie Lei met while living in London.Para.7 GXie Lei feels m

34、uch more at home in England now and is living an active life.答案：Paras.17ECFDAGBCarefulreadingRead the text and choose the best answers.1Xie Lei was very nervous when she left for London because _.Ashe was too youngBshe was a shy girlCshe didnt know what to expectDshe didnt know where to go2You may r

35、ead the text from a(n)_AnewspaperBmagazineCbook Dadvertisement3Living with the host families can give students _.Athe opportunity to go around the new countryBthe opportunity to learn the culture in the new countryCthe opportunity to get a business qualificationDthe opportunity to pass the preparati

36、on course4Xie Lei got an E for her first essay because _.Athe tutor didnt like Chinese studentsBthe tutor thought the essay was badlywrittenCthe essay was a summary of an articleDXie Lei didnt know how to write an essay5According to the text, two types of people helped Xie Lei. They were _.Aa host f

37、amily and a tutorBa host family and her classmatesCher classmates and a tutorDa shopkeeper and a passerby答案：15CABCAStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more tha

38、n I did. 句式分析尝试翻译他想要知道的是我所想的是什么，这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为我认为该文章的作者比我知道的多得多。2My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyze what I read.句式分析尝试翻译导师给我解释说，我应该阅读大量的、包含不同观点的文章，并对其进行分析。3Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now, and what ha

39、d seemed very strange before now appears quite normal.句式分析句中told后接了两个由and连接的宾语从句。另外，第二个宾语从句中又包含一个what引导的主语从句“what had seemed very strange before”， what在从句中作主语。尝试翻译谢蕾告诉我，现在她在英国感到自在多了，以前看似很奇怪的事，如今出现似乎很正常了。.阅读理解APakistan should be everyones tourist destination for 2018, but what if you already live the

40、re? Then perhaps you should consider visiting these five mustvisit places for the new year.Lake Saiful MulukAt an altitude of ， surrounded by snowy mountains, the lake rewards those that make the threehour uphill walk from Naran. You will find the pathway just above the free market, but there is a s

41、uperior option to get a jeep and split the costs with some other tourists; expect to pay about 700 rupees, worth it to view this natural beauty.Deosai National ParkAs another high point in Pakistan, it has an average altitude of 4,114m the Deosai Plains are one of the highest plateaus (高原) in the wo

42、rld. If you make it to the park, you expect to find rich plants and wild animals. The breathtaking scenery on show at the plains is enough to make 2018 a memorable year.Naltar ValleyAccessible via a 2.5hour drive from Gilgit, well worth visiting. Covered with pine trees and other plant life, it has

43、a dreamlike feel about it. Various colors all year round will make you fall in love.Shangrila ResortRight in the north of Pakistan in the central valley of GilgitBaltistan. Locals call this a paradise (乐园), and thats what it feels like. No visit is complete without checking out the restaurant which

44、is built in the structure of an aircraft.Rama MeadowDoesnt feel like Pakistan at all, more like somewhere in Minnesota. Watch the sheep and cows feeding while clear water flows in streams from high in the mountains. Against Chongras icecovered peak, this little meadow is a piece of art.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文

45、。作者介绍了2018年巴基斯坦值得游览的五个地方。1What is the best means to go to Lake Saiful Muluk?ADrive a jeep in person.BTake the way of ridesharing.CChoose an uphill walk from Naran.DFollow the pathway above the free market.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Lake Saiful Muluk中的“there is a superior option to get a jeep and split the costs w

46、ith some other tourists”可知，前往Lake Saiful Muluk更好的方式是找一辆吉普车，与其他游客分担费用。split costs“分担费用”，故选B项。2Where may you go if interested in wild animals?ALake Saiful Muluk.BDeosai National Park.CRama Meadow. DNaltar Valley.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Deosai National Park中的“you expect to find rich plants and wild animals”可知，在De

47、osai National Park，人们可以欣赏到多种植物和野生动物，故选B项。3What can we know about Rama Meadow?AIt is what the Pakistanis like best.BIt is just located next to Minnesota.CIt is an attractive and peaceful place.DIt is a dream destination for adventurers.解析：选C推理判断题。根据Rama Meadow中的“Watch the sheep and cows feeding while

48、 clear water flows in streams . this little meadow is a piece of art.”可知，这里的牛、羊在草原上悠闲地吃草，清澈的溪水从冰雪覆盖的高山上流下来。可以想象出这是一个恬静、温馨、安详的地方，故选C项。BIve spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, Ive learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being c

49、heated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesnt mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what youre doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams (欺骗)Taking taxis is a great way to

50、 get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, youll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside the air

51、port, and one is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.Rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because its how the locals often travel. Autorickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are s

52、till used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Autorickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.If you really want to travel around

53、Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip wont set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus a

54、t the start of the route so you can get a seat.The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between six and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between six and 22 rupees.语篇解读：本文作者对于在印度德里旅行时交通方

55、面提出了几点建议。4To avoid being cheated, you ought to_if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport.Apay more to the drivers to keep safeBshow your ticket to the driverCgo to a policerun boothDgo out of the airport解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句，我们可以知道，在机场搭乘出租车时，应到警察经营的摊位。5The author suggests taking a rickshaw in

56、order to _.Asave some moneyBenjoy the comfortable tripCgain some unique experienceDhelp the local rickshaw drivers解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句，我们可以知道，作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。6. What can we infer from the passage?AYou wont have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India.BIt will be difficult for you to get

57、 a seat if you get on the bus halfway.CA rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.DYoull have to speak English if you travel around in India.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句，我们可以知道，为了上车后能有一个座位，作者建议最好从起点站上车。这就意味着如果中途上车的话，就很难有座位了。7Which may be the topic that follows?AHotel recommendations in Del

58、hi.BWeather conditions in Delhi.CFood and drink in Delhi.DCar rentals in Delhi.解析：选D推理判断题。由本文第一段的最后一句可知，本文主要介绍关于德里交通方面避免受骗的几个建议。因此，在所有的几个选项当中，只有D项与交通有关。据此，我们可以确定后面接着讨论的最有可能是汽车租赁业务。CWhen we walked into Papillon Bleu, a Chinese restaurant around the corner from NotreDame Basilica in Montreals Old Port

59、, the sole waiter on duty looked surprised to see us. At 7：45 on a Saturday night, at the height of tourist season, just one young white family sat in the dining room. We walked past them to a table in the back, Chopin drifting quietly from the speakers into the certain shade of dim light that only

60、Chinese restaurants seem to have. At our seats, bright yellow napkins, folded into fans, rested on a blue tablecloth next to cutlery (餐具). Sometime in the last 18 years of operation, Papillon Bleu stopped bothering with chopsticks.“How did you find out about us？” our waiter politely asked. I told hi

61、m that my family used to own a Chinese restaurant that served peanut butter dumplings and I wanted to taste them again. Papillon Bleu came up when I googled “Best Peanut Butter Dumplings in Montreal”. He shook his head and told us that while it might have been the case a few years ago, they had swit

62、ched peanut butter brands to cut costs.But the significance for me wasnt which brand they used, it was that they served peanut butter dumplings. Commonly known as Hunan dumplings, this specialty exists neither in China, nor anywhere else in North America. Instead, Hunan dumplings are a unique Quebec

63、ois tradition, and a slowly dying one, found in the secondgeneration Chinese family restaurants.Peanut butter dumplings taste exactly how they sound, but also unlike anything else. It is a kind of dumpling that coats your mouth with a distinct storebrand quality, a little too sweet, but buttery, and

64、 luxuriously (十分舒适地) warm, perfectly suited to resist the bonechilling effects of the Montreal winter.语篇解读：本文为记叙文，记叙了作者探寻儿时美味之旅。作者忘不了儿时花生酱饺子的味道，特意来到Papillon Bleu饭店重温儿时的记忆，而魁北克独有的花生酱饺子正走向灭亡。8What can we infer about the restaurant?AIt still uses chopsticks.BIt is well decorated.CThe business hour is l

65、ong.DThe business is not promising.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At 7：45 on a Saturday night, at the height of tourist season, just one young white family sat in the dining room.”以及第二段中的“they had switched peanut butter brands to cut costs”可知，饭店经营很不景气。9How did the author find the restaurant?ABy coincidence.BBy

66、frequent visits.CBy searching online.DBy others recommendation.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Papillon Bleu came up when I googled Best Peanut Butter Dumplings in Montreal”可知，作者是通过网上搜索获取这家饭店的信息的。10How does the author sound when telling the story?AHumorous. BCurious.CDisappointed. DAffectionate.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中

67、的“it was that they served peanut butter dumplings”以及第四段中的“Peanut butter dumplings taste exactly how they sound, but also unlike anything else.”等内容可知，作者对儿时的味道充满了依恋和怀旧之情。.阅读七选五We often close ourselves off when unfortunate events happen in our lives. We try to forget the pain by pretending it doesnt ex

68、ist, but although we can try all this we want, in the end, we cant hide from ourselves. _1_ Here are some ways you can open your heart more fully.Breathe into painWhenever a painful situation arises, try to accept it instead of running away. _2_ By using our breath we soften our experiences.Embrace

69、the uncomfortable_3_ We know how fear feels in our bodies: the tension in our necks, the tightness in our stomachs, etc. We can face these feelings of discomfort and let them show us where we need to go.Spend time aloneFor most of our lives were surrounded by people: our friends, colleagues, peers,

70、family members, loved ones, and strangers. How often do we really spend time alone? _4_ You can truly open yourself and explore whatever youd like. The golden ticket here is not to let yourself become distracted; just see what its like to be alone.Get outside of yourselfThis may seem a little contra

71、dictory to the last tip. _5_ After youve explored the depths of yourself, you come away with a new understanding. Now, its time to share that not through telling others, but through being with others.AWe all know what anxiety feels like.BHowever, in reality they work hand in hand.CWe need to learn t

72、o open our hearts to the potential of life.DWhen the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and face up to it.EYoull add a new layer of depth and understanding into your life.FLose yourself in the beauty of others; see what they can teach you about yourself.GWhen you spend time in solitude (独自) youre f

73、ree from the influences of other people.语篇解读：当恐惧与焦虑来袭时，我们应该退后一步，重新反思自己的言行。本文介绍了四种方法可以帮助你完全敞开心扉。1选CC项与下一句中的“open your heart”形成对应。我们需要敞开心扉，拥抱生活中的各种可能；然后接下来介绍了四种帮助我们敞开心扉的方法。2选DD项和本空前一句构成并列，并与本段的标题形成对应。3选AA项与本空下一句的句型对应，构成并列关系。我们都有过对焦虑的感受，也都知道恐惧带来的身体上的反应。4选G第三个小标题介绍的是享受独处，所以G项和标题构成对应，符合段落大意。5选BB项和本空前一句构成转折。最后一段介绍的“走出自我”和前一个建议貌似有点矛盾，但其实两者却是相辅相成的。