高二英语语法复习第十章非谓语动词讲解.pptx

1、高中英语语法复习非谓语动词讲解概述：谓语动词：在句子从充当谓语的动词谓语动词：在句子从充当谓语的动词.I am playing the piano now.I am playing the piano now.非谓语动词：非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分。谓语外的所有成分。非谓存在的条件：非谓存在的条件：一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词的情况下的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus,She got off the

2、 bus,leavingleaving her handbag on her her handbag on her seat.seat.She got off the bus,She got off the bus,butbut leftleft her handbag on her her handbag on her seat.seat.分类：非谓语动词动词不定式 to do 动名词-ing分词现在分词-ing过去分词-ed分类：分类：分类：分类：分类：非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.v 1.To see you is glad.=Its glad to

3、 see you.v 2.I want to see you.v 3.I want him to see you.v 4.My hope is to see you.v 5.He is the man to see you.v 6.Im glad to see you.v 7.I went to see you.v 8.He went so early as to see you（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）分类：1.Swimming is his favourite sport.2.He enjoys swimming.3.I f

4、ound him swimming in the river.4.His favourite sport is swimming.5.He is the man swimming in the river just now.6.Swimming in Summer,we can get cool.(作主语）(作宾语）(作宾补）(作表语）(作定语）(作状语）分类：v1.This cup is broken.v2.This is a broken cup.v3.I found the cup broken.v4.Broken by Tom,the cup cant be used.v过去分词一般不

5、作主语、宾语.(作表语）(作定语）(作宾语补足语）(作状语）分词用法的区别：-ing和-edA.在时态上1.China is a developing country=a country which is developing.2.Japan is a developed country=a country which has developed.3.I found him gone.=that he had gone.(表完成）ing分词表“进行”ed分词表“完成”分词用法的区别：-ing和-edB.在语态上，ing分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）v 1.I saw him

6、 writing a short novel.（主动写）2.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.（被写）在概念上，ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”.*Swimming(抽象）is my favourite sport and I like swimming(习惯）every day,but I dont like to swim(具体）today,I would like to swim(将来）tomorrow.分词用法的区别：-ing和-edC.ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;Broken by Tom,th

7、e cup cant be used.Being ed+主句（强调主句和从句动作同时发生）;Being punished by her teacher,she was unhappy.Having been ed+主句（强调时间先后）After having been interviewed,she was offered the job.常考固定搭配：下列动词通常用ing形式作宾语：admit,report,appreciate感激,deny否认,explain,mention,resist抵抗,stand,stop,imagine,recall,suggest,mind,finish,en

8、joy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,advise等。下列动词常用不定式to do 作宾语：aim,ask,dare,appear,arrange,demand,help,hesitate,pay,plan,wait,fail,seek,prepare,happen,prove,expect,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,choose,promise,pretend,manage,care,determine,afford等。汉语意思英文搭配1 请求某人做某事_

9、sb.to do sth.2 恳求某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.3 邀请某人干某事_ sb.to do sth.4 叫某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.5 提醒某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.6 鼓励某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.7 激励某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.8 敦促某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.askbeginvitetellremindencourageinspireurge汉语意思英文搭配9要求某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.10 建议某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.11 说服某人做某事 _ sb.to d

10、o sth.12 指派某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.13 导致某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.14 强迫某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.15 答应某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.16 警告某人做某事 _ sb.to do sth.require/requestadviseconvince/persuadeappointcauseforcepromisewarn汉语意思英文搭配17 允许某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.18 禁止某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.19 希望某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.20 想要某人做某事_ sb.

11、to do sth.21 建议某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.22 说服某人做某事_ sb.to do sth.would like/wantwait forallow/permitforbid/prohibitwish/desire/expectcall on 常考固定搭配：即时巩固练习用所给动词的to do 或doing 形式填空：1)They were expecting _ _(get)the results of the examination.2)Will you advise me which of them _(buy)?3)On the bus the young m

12、an pretended _(not see)the oldwoman standing beside him.1.to get2.to buy3.not to see即时巩固练习用所给动词的to do 或doing 形式填空：4)We all consider John_(be)an honest boy.5)Our boss forbids_(chat)during office hours.6)The rules do not permit players _(step)out of bounds.7)The boy begged to permit him_(explain).8)Th

13、e young man imagined _(live)on a lonely island.to be chatting to step to explain to live 即时巩固练习用所给动词的to do 或doing 形式填空：9)She enjoys _(practise)_(dance)before the large mirror.10)By taking the back way,he escaped _(see).11)Id prefer _(stay)here waiting for his arrival.12)As the meeting was beginning,

14、we all stopped _(talk).practising dancing seeing staying talking 即时巩固练习用所给动词的to do 或doing 形式填空：13)This kind of car is nice but I cant afford _ _(buy)one.14)Im sorry I forgot _(tell)you about the meeting.15)She tried _(comfort)me by saying some funny things 16)Going on waiting here means _(waste)our

15、time.17)They went on _(work)in the fields in spite of the heavy rain.to buy to tell to comfort wasting working 分词用法的区别：-ing和-ed-ing -sth-ed -sb即时巩固练习(2)用所给动词的-ing或-ed形式填空：1)The journey was quite_(tire)2)The story is very_We are_ in it(interest)3、The result of the exam made me _(disappoint)4)This was

16、 really an _moment(excite)5)The _boy couldnt believe his ears(astonish)6)It was a _ storyWe didnt want to listen again(bore)7)He seemed quite _at the idea(delight)8)The problem was quite_(press)9)The present situation is _(encourage)10)I was _at what she said(puzzle)tiring interesting interested dis

17、appointed exciting astonished boring delighted pressing encouragingpuzzled做题技巧：即时巩固练习(3)用正确的非谓形式填空：1)The man_(question)in the police station now is a spy2)A man_(respect)others will be respected3)she can find no one _(make)friends with4)Is there anybody _(answer)the question?5)Half of the guests _(i

18、nvite)to the conference were foreigners.6)The matter _(discuss)is very important7)She was then a professor _(love)by all her students8)With much money _(spend)，the boy formed a bad habit由于花了许多钱，男生养成了坏毛病9)With much money to be spent,she dances with joy.由于有许多钱将要被花，她高兴得跳舞questioned respecting to make a

19、nswering invited to be discussed lovedspent 非谓语动词的常用句型：v 在the first,the second，the last和only之后，只能用to dov*It takes+时间+to do花费时间做某事v*spendwaste+时间金钱+doing花费时间金钱做某事v*had better+do最好做v*would rather+dothan do宁愿做，而不做v*prefer+to do（rather than do）更喜欢做v*Its no usegood+doing做什么是无用的v*Its a waste of time+doing

20、做什么是浪费时间的v*be worth+doingbe worthy of+being done值得做非谓语动词的常用句型：v*Its worth while+doing 值得做v*Would you mind+doing.?你介意做.v*Would you like/care+to do.?你想要做.v*.have no choice but+to do./.,do nothing but+do没有选择，只能做.v*.too.+to do太.而不能做v*.be used to+doing(习惯做)v*.have sb+do /have sb(sth)+doing 让某人做某事v have s

21、th+done 让某事被做v*.happened+to do发生了什么即时巩固练习(4)用正确的非谓形式填空：1)After his journey from abroad,Richard Jones returned home,_(exhaust).2)Generally_(speak),When _(take)according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.3)Though_(lack)money,his parents managed_(send)him to university.4)With a lot of diffi

22、cult problems_(settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.5)Sandy could do nothing but_(admit)to his teacher that he was wrong.exhausted speakingtakenlackingto send to be settled admit 4)With a lot of difficult problems_to be settled_(settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.由于有许多难题将要被解决，这个新选的总统正在度过一个艰难时期。（to be done 将要被做）With a lot of difficult problems settled,the newly-elected president feels great relieved.由于有许多难题被解决了，新选的总统感觉十分放松/宽慰。（V-ed 过去分词这里表示被动，并且是已经完成了的动作）注意：语境不一样，答案也会有所变化。