2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 1 People of Achievement Section A Reading and Thinking课后习题（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

1、Unit1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSectionAReadingandThinking课后篇巩固提升基础夯实.单词拼写1.As is known to all,talent and hard work are both (至关重要的) to career success.答案crucial2.It is necessary for us to have an o attitude towards life.答案objective3.You must (承诺) yourself to finish the task on time.答案commit4.Only if you mak

2、e efforts to fulfill the task can you be a as excellent.答案acknowledged5.As a matter of fact,happiness doesnt lie in how much (财产) you own.答案property6.The two posters are (有区别的) from each other in style.答案distinct7.So long as we can (击败) the other team,well become the champion of course.答案defeat8.The

3、 hospital has recently o new medical equipment,allowing more patients to be treated.答案obtained.短语填空by chance,insist on,lead to,draw out,test.on,make a discovery1.He has valuable to mankind.答案made a discovery2.I dont think it will a good result.答案lead to3.Although we have met ,I can see you are a ver

4、y good girl with a clear purpose in life.答案by chance4.If youdoing something,do it every day and you can make it.答案insist on5.I havent any cash on me and Id like to some money from an ATM nearby.答案draw out6.The teacher will the class spelling today.答案test;on.完成句子1.医学界在抗癌的斗争中不断取得进步。The medical communi

5、ty continues to make progresscancer.答案in the fight against2.大学毕业以后,他投身于教育事业。After he graduated from college,he the cause of education.答案committed himself to3.我们开展此项竞赛以鼓励新的年轻作家为目的。The competition was startedencouraging young writers.答案with the aim of4.我建议你在家里留些蜡烛,以防大楼停电。I some candles at home in case

6、 the building has a power failure.答案suggest you should keep5.即使我告诉他我住在附近,但那个人还是坚持要给我找一辆出租车。The man a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.答案insisted on finding素养提升.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会对社会有突出贡献的人物FemaleScientistsWhoHaveChangedtheWorldThere are still hundreds of relatively-unknown women who hav

7、e changed the world with their research throughout history.TieraGuinnThis 21-year-old scientist hasnt yet graduated from college,but Tiera Guinns already doing rocket science.The MIT(麻省理工学院)senior is helping build a rocket for the United States that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever

8、 made.Shes an aerospace major with high credit points who also works as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing is building for the US.ElizabethBlackwellElizabeth Blackwell,who was born in Bristol,England in 1821,was the first woman

9、to graduate from medical school in the United States,became an activist for poor American womens health,and went on to found a medical school for women in England.JaneGoodallThe most famous primate (灵长类)scientist in history,Jane Goodall was known for her work with chimps and as a champion of animal

10、rights.And Goodall wasnt just working in a lab;she climbed trees and imitated the behaviour of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.RachelCarsonIn the 1960s,one environmental scientists voice rose above the rest to become central to American politics,culture

11、,and foreign policy:Rachel Carsons.Her article,“Silent Spring”,warned of the dangers of pesticides(农药)and chemicals to humans,plants,and animals,and was a landmark in the nations environmental history.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位改变世界的女科学家。1.WhatisTieraGuinnsgreatestachievement?A.Sheenteredthebestuniversity

12、oftheworld.B.Shehasbeenlearningthenewestrocketscience.C.Shehashelpedbuildabigandpowerfulrocket.D.Sheisatopstudentemployedbyafamouscompany.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheMITseniorishelpingbuildarocketfortheUnitedStatesthatcouldbeoneofthebiggestandmostpowerfulevermade.”可知TieraGuinn最大的成就是帮助建造了美国有史以来最大、最强大的火箭之一。

13、2.What is Elizabeth Blackwell famous for in history?A.She was the first woman with the advanced education.B.She was a pioneer of the womens health in the US and the UK.C.She founded the first womens school in the United Kingdom.D.She was the first woman to be accepted as an American citizen.答案B解析细节理

14、解题。根据第三段内容可知伊丽莎白布莱克威尔1821年出生于英格兰的布里斯托尔,她是第一位从美国医学院毕业的女性,后来成为关注美国贫困女性健康的活动家,并在英国成立了一所女子医学院。即她是美国和英国妇女健康的先驱。3.Who made a great contribution to the animal-protection movement?A.Tiera Guinn.B.Jane Goodall.C.Rachel Carson.D.Elizabeth Blackwell.答案B解析细节理解题。倒数第二段中的“Themostfamousprimatescientistinhistory,Jan

15、eGoodallwasknownforherworkwithchimpsandasachampionofanimalrights.”可知珍古德是历史上最著名的灵长类科学家,她以研究黑猩猩和维护动物权利而闻名,为动物保护运动做出了重大贡献。B主题语境:人与社会对社会有突出贡献的人物Would you BET on the future of this man?He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made h

16、is left hand stop functioning,and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes,and the book was DonQuixote(堂吉诃德).And the story poses

17、 an interesting question:Why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days,while others go to seed long before?Weve all known people who run out of steam before they reach lifes halfway mark.Im not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We cant all get there.Im

18、 talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.Most of us,in fact,progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.No

19、thing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But,if we are willing to learn,the opportunities are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we cant change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please

20、,some people are never going to love usan idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm,we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However,we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something

21、 larger than our own little egos(自我),whether to loved ones,to fellow humans,to work,or to some moral concept.Many of us equate(视等同于)“commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work t

22、oward such excellencewhether they are driving a truck,or running a storemake the world better just by being the kind of people they are.Theyve learned lifes most valuable lesson.【语篇解读】本文属于议论文。讲述要成功,就需要不断地学习,这样的生活才更有意义。4.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.A.lossoffreedomstimulatesonesc

23、reativityB.ageisnotabarriertoachievingonesgoalC.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfateD.disabilitycannotstopamanspursuitofsuccess答案B解析推理判断题。第一段讲述塞万提斯一生不幸,负债累累,因为战争左手残疾,同时还身陷囹圄,在53岁的时候决定写书,最终写出成名作堂吉诃德。根据后文可知,所有的困境都没有阻挡他的成功,年龄也是如此。5.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.End one

24、s struggle for liberty.B.Waste ones energy taking risks.C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.D.Lose the interest to continue learning.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Imtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.”可知,作者谈论的不是那些

25、没有到达巅峰的人,而是谈论那些不再学习成长的人,故选D项。6.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.C.Opportunities favour those with a curious mind.D.Opportunities await those with a cautious mind.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Weloseou

26、rsenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.”可知,机会总是留给那些有好奇心的人。7.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.答案A解析主旨大意题。本文讲述要成功,就需要不断地学习,这样的生活才更有意义,故本文作者的目的是指导我们过一个有意义的成年人的生活。