2019-2020学年高中英语新教材必修第一册学案 作业：UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS SECTION Ⅳ WORD版含解析.doc

1、Section Reading for Writing基础知识 预习自检保持乐观我过去一直想让自己看起来像电视里的苗条女孩一样，虽然我知道那不可能。我担心自己的体重，我把在网络上看到的每个新的减肥食谱都尝试了。我尝试了无脂肪、低脂肪、52饮食法、只吃香蕉、不吃香蕉(最后)我几近疯狂。后来，我看到一篇文章，上面说不要问“我胖吗？”而是应该问“我健康吗？”我完全没想过一个字母的不同会带来这么大的改变！一旦我开始思考身体是否健康而不是体重，事情开始发生了变化。不去说“我想减重3公斤”，而是说“我想在8分钟内跑2公里”或者说“我想做30个俯卧撑”。我不再拒绝吃我喜欢的食物，而是把健康的食物加进我的饮食

2、中。我仍然偶尔吃一个汉堡，但同时也会多吃一份沙拉或是一个苹果。最后，我不再和女演员和模特比较，也不再找我的脸和身体上的缺点，而是找自身的优点。正面积极地看待自我和我的身体，让我变得更快乐更健康。重点知识 合作探究1diet n. 规定饮食；日常饮食vi. 节食(教材P42)归纳拓展on a diet 在节食；在按规定饮食balanced diet 均衡的饮食proper diet 合理的饮食vegetarian diet 素食strict diet 严格的节食diet pills 减肥药Have you been on_a_diet? Youve lost a lot of weight.你最

3、近在节食吗？你瘦了好多。He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced_diet.他喝咖啡和吸烟都比以前少了，饮食也均衡了。The doctor put me on a very strict_diet. 医生严格限制我的饮食。(1)单句写作I used to take _ (减肥药) and eat diet food for one year.Some people prefer a _ (素食), while others prefer a meatbased diet.答案：diet pillsvegetarian di

4、et(2)句型转换Shes always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.Shes always _ but she never seems to lose any weight.答案：on a diet2make a difference 有作用或影响(教材P42)归纳拓展(1)make a difference to sb./sth. 对有影响/有关系make no/some difference 没有/有些作用/关系/影响make all the difference (to sb./sth.) 关系重大，大不相同It mak

5、es a difference (to sb.)wh 从句(对某人)有影响/有关系(2)tell the difference 看出差异Changing schools made_a_big_difference_to my life.转学对我的一生有着重大影响。It makes_a_difference_which you choose.你选择哪一个事关重大。单句写作The travel will _ (对有影响) his later life.The twins are so alike; its difficult to _ (区分)Can you see the building cl

6、early on the foggy day?_ (对我没有影响) whether its foggy or not, because Im blind.答案：make a difference totell the differenceIt makes no difference to me3Once I started thinking about fitness rather_than weight, things began to change. 一旦我开始思考身体是否健康而不是体重，事情开始发生了变化。(教材P42)剖析rather than意为“而不是”，相当于并列连词。 归纳拓展

7、(1)rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather . than . ”句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。(2)rather than不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。I would_rather_sleep_than watch this movie. 我宁愿睡觉也不看这部电影。He is an explorer rather_than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。The sweat

8、er she bought was beautiful rather_than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。We should help him rather_than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。(2018天津高考)All of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3Dprinted, rather_than farm to table. 它提供的所有菜肴和甜点都是3D打印的，而不是从农场到餐桌。名师点津rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather

9、than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(1)单句语法填空Shed rather die _ lose the children.You rather than I _ (be) going camping. 答案：thanare(2)单句写作他是跑来的，而不是走来的。He ran _ walked. 答案：rather than4cut . out停止做(或使用，食用)；剪下(教材P42)归纳拓展cut down 砍倒；减少；删节cut in 插话cut up 切碎；使伤心cut across sth. 抄近路穿过；走近路 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝The doctor told

10、 me to cut_out meat for my fat. 由于肥胖，大夫叫我停止吃肉。It is impolite for children to cut_in when their seniors are talking. 孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。I usually cut_across the park on my way home.我回家常抄近路，从公园里头走。To cut_down the dangers such as electrical current, he cut_off the electric source first. 为了减少危险，比如电流，他先

11、切断了电源。选词填空(cut down/cut in/cut off/cut out)She kept _ on our conversation.How has the engine got _？The power supply has been _ because we forgot to pay the bill. _ the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.答案：cutting incut outcut offCut down5stress n. 压力；紧张；重音vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安v

12、i. 焦虑不安(教材P43)归纳拓展(1)under stress 在压力之下under the stress of . 在的压力下lay/put/place stress on 强调/重视(2)stress the importance of . 强调的重要性stress out/stress sb. (out) (使)焦虑不安，疲惫不堪(3)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的stressed adj. 焦虑的In “mother” the stress falls on the first syllable.mother一词的重音在第一个音节。Lily has been und

13、er_great_stress since her mothers illness.自从母亲生病以来，莉莉承受了很大的压力。We lay_special_stress_on developing good neighbourly relations with nearby countries. 我们特别重视发展同邻近国家的友好关系。Driving in cities really stresses_me_(out)在城市里开车让我真的很紧张。(1)单句语法填空Teachers often stress the importance _ diligence on the way to succe

14、ss.Many young people live a _ (stress) life now.答案：ofstressful(2)单句写作Things can easily go wrong when people are _ (在压力下)He _ (强调了) the development of education.答案：under stresslaid/placed/put stress on学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1No payments were made last week because of a computer _ (差错)答案：error2I know the press

15、ure to stay _ (苗条的) is a problem, especially for an actress. 答案：slim3She tried to be more _ (乐观的) about her new job.答案：positive4Its never too late to improve your _(饮食)答案：diet5When you have an injury you start putting _ (压力) on other parts of your body.答案：stress.单句语法填空1_ (jog) is a good way to exerc

16、ise for a heart patient.答案：Jogging2I can do 50 _ (pushup) every morning.答案：pushups3She enjoys singing _ than dancing.答案：rather4Scientists sometimes compare the human brain _ a computer.答案：to5The current advice to you is to cut _ alcohol.答案：out.单句写作1虽然乔和我在同一个大厦里工作，我们只是偶尔看到彼此。Even though Joe and I wor

17、k in the same building, we only see each other _. 答案：now and then2拳击考验的是技能和技术，不是蛮力。Boxing is a test of skill and technique，_ brute strength. 答案：rather than3在他的计划中，他要削减40%的费用来增加工人的工资。In his plan, he would _ 40% of the expense _ to add to workers salary.答案：cut; out4我们都想影响这个世界，不论是大还是小。We all want to _

18、in this world, whether it would be big or small. 答案：make a difference5(2018天津高考)与那所房子相比，McNay博物馆令人大失所望。The McNay was disappointing _ the house.答案：compared with课后课时作业阅读理解ASome people dont mind being fat. Other people can keep slim without any effort. But a lot of people do put on too much weight and

19、dont like it. The question is: what can they do about it? Some believe exercise can be helpful. But the trouble is that it only makes you want to eat more. You might sweat off (因出汗而减轻) a couple of pounds by playing tennis or climbing the mountain, but you put it all back on again with a big steak or

20、 bread and jam.A helpful way is foodchoosing. But what sort of food should you choose? Some believe that the less they eat, the slimmer they will be. They dont eat anything until they become weak with hunger. Some stick to milk and bananas. Youll find you need a lot of bananas, and unless you live w

21、here they grow, they arent cheap. Another theory says that if you eat things like hardboiled eggs, apples with their skins on, and lean meat which are hard for your stomach to digest， the more you eat, the thinner you get. This is because you use up the fat in your body to get the energy to digest t

22、he food.For most of us these methods are too extreme (极端的). The simplest way is just to cut down on the carbohydrates； that means not eating bread, potatoes, cakes, sugar, rice, and so on and eating anything else you like. Its straightforward and often quite effective.Still others like to be more sc

23、ientific. They are calorie counters. They get a table which tells them that, for example, 100 grams of roast leg of lamb give you 330 calories and a 50gram helping (一份食物) of Yorkshire pudding gives you 130 calories.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各种不同的减肥方法。1The practical method suggested in this passage means

24、“_”Asticking to bananasBnot eating many carbohydratesCeating things that are hard to digestDeating as little as possible答案：B细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知，B项是正确的。2A calorie is a unit of _.Aweight BpowerCelectricity Dheat答案：D推理判断题。从最后一段可以推断出calorie是热量单位。3Which of the following do you think is the best title of the

25、passage?AVarious Ways of Losing WeightBDont Eat Too MuchCWays to Keep Fit DFood and Health答案：A主旨大意题。综观全文可知文章主要介绍的是各种不同的减肥方法，故答案为A。1digest vt.& vi. 消化2carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物cut down 减少BSports shoes that work out whether their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have be

26、en devised in the UK.The shoesnamed Square Eyescontain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time

27、the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts.The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues

28、and childhood overweight really stood out，” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps. Swan calcul

29、ated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV ti

30、me.Existing pedometers (计步器) normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it

31、 would be a lot of effort，” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款记录孩子跑步数和看电视时间的智能运动鞋，以此限制孩子看电视的时间，避免孩子过度肥胖。4According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _.Akeep a record of the steps of the wearerBdeal with overweight among teenagersCenable c

32、hildren to resist the temptation of TVDprevent children from being tricked by TV programs答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out， she says. And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”可以推断，这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题。故选B。5Compared with other similar products, th

33、e new design _.Asends teenagers health data to the receiverBrecords the sudden movement of the wearerCrecords the sudden movement of the wearerDmakes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat答案：D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe ha

34、s been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat.”可知，其他类似的产品可以通过晃动来作弊，但她设计的鞋子使懒惰的青少年很难作弊。故选D。6Which of the following would be the best title for the text?ASmart Shoes Decide on Television TimeBSmart Shoes Guarantee More ExerciseCSmart Shoes Measure Time of ExerciseDSmart Shoes Stop Childhood Ov

35、erweight答案：A主旨大意题。本文第一段点明主题，说明一款智能运动鞋在英国被发明出来，它能通过利用孩子们每天走步数来决定看电视的时间。故选A。1devise v. 设计；发明2allowance n. 折扣vt. 给(某人)零用钱或津贴3precisely adv. 精确地；恰好地1work out 解决；锻炼2use up 用完；用光七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2018全国卷)If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With suc

36、h busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. _1_ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. _2_Your metabolism (新陈代谢

37、) gets a head start. _3_ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep._4_ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it

38、is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited._5_ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to

39、 focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.AYou will stick to your diet.BYour quality of sleep improves.CYou prefer healthy food to fast food

40、.DThere is no reason you should exercise in the morning.EYou can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.FAfter you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.GIf you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的好处，号召

41、人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。1G根据空格前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空格后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项内容“. then listen up！(那么请仔细听！)”很好地起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。2E根据上一句“Exercising makes you more awake (锻炼能让你更清醒)”，E项(你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒410个小时。)是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。3F空格前的句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空格后句子说如果晨练，则令你受益的是卡路里一整天都在燃烧，F项(锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里)符合语境。故选F。4B此处缺一个主题句。空格后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项(你的睡眠质量提高了)是对该段内容的总体概括，并且体现了晨练的又一个益处。故选B。5A本段讲述的是晨练有助于锻炼者坚持选择健康的食物。A项(你将坚持你的饮食)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。