2022版新教材英语人教版选择性必修第二册课件：UNIT 5 FIRST AID SECTION Ⅱ LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE .pptx

1、UNIT 5 FIRST AIDSection Learning About Language（复习动词-ing 形式）1.（教材P50）It also helps control your body temperature,prevents your body from losing too much water,warns you when things are too hot or cold,and gives you your sense of touch.2.（教材P50）As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very seriou

2、s injuries.3.（教材P50）The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.4.（教材P51）Place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.5.（教材P51）Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.观察上面句

3、子，并分别写出句中动词-ing形式的语法功能：句1中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _；句2中的v.-ing形式在句中作宾语_ ；句3中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _ ；句4中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _ ；句5中的v.-ing形式在句中作_。主语表语定语状语.v.-ing形式的构成一般式完成式主动式doinghaving done被动式being donehaving been done.v.-ing形式的功能1.v.-ing形式作主语（1）v.-ing形式作主语时，通常表示一般的或抽象的多次行为。（2020全国卷）Returning to a book youve read many tim

4、es can feel like drinks with an old friend.重新读一本你读了很多遍的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起喝酒一样。（2）有时为了避免句子主语过于冗长，通常用it代替v.-ing作形式主语。Its no use advising him.劝他没用。2.v.-ing形式作宾语（1）能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词有advise,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,forget,keep,imagine,stop,mind,miss,mention,practise,begin

5、,start,like,hate,remember,regret,require,resist,suggest等。Stop comparing yourself with others.（2020全国卷）不要拿你自己和别人比较。The master keeps thinking about it.主人不停地想这件事。（2）有些动词（短语）后跟不定式和v.-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：动词宾语的形式意义forgetto do忘记做doing忘记做过rememberto do记着要去做doing记得做过regrettodo遗憾/抱歉要做doing后悔做了动词宾语的形式意义tryto

6、 do尽力做doing尝试做meanto do打算做doing意味着go onto do接着做（另外一件事）doing接着做（同一件事）stopto do停下来去做doing停止做续表Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。（3）下列动词可接v.-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve d

7、oing=need/want/require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。（4）在有些动词的后面，如：start,begin,continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。趣味记忆Mrs P Black missed a bag.P布莱克夫人丢了一个袋子。该句话中每个字母都代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词后面可跟动名词作

8、宾语。这些动词分别是：M=mind,r=risk,s=succeed in,P=practise,B=be busy,l=look forward to,a=admit,c=cant help,k=keep（on）,m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up。3.v.-ing形式作表语（1）作表语的v.-ing可以表示一个动作、事实或概念，此时相当于一个名词。（2020全国卷）My first job was working at the Ukiah Libr

9、ary when I was 16 years old.我16岁时的第一份工作是在尤奇亚图书馆工作。What they are required to do is taking good care of these old people.他们需要做的就是好好照顾这些老人。（2）作表语的v.-ing也可以表示“令人的”，此时相当于一个形容词。The news is encouraging.这个消息振奋人心。4.v.-ing形式作定语（1）作定语的v.-ing可以表示所修饰名词的用途。a waiting room（=a room for waiting）候车室（2）单个的v.-ing作定语常常置于

10、它所修饰的名词之前，v.-ing短语作定语常常置于它所修饰的名词之后。He is a modest and understanding man.他是一个谦虚且善解人意的人。（2020全国卷）All customers travelling on TransLink servicesmust be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.所有乘坐TransLink的乘客在上车前必须持有有效车票。（3）作定语的v.-ing可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态，可以转换成定语从句。They lived in a house

11、facing south（=a house that faces south）.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。名师点津注意：现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示主动、进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。You should adapt to the changing situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。The ground is covered with fallen leaves.地上满是落叶。Im looking for a room to live in.我正在找房子住。5.现在分词（短语）作状语的用法现在分词（短语）在句中作

12、状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。（1）作时间状语（相当于一个时间状语从句）Walking in the park,she saw an old friend.=When/While(she was)walking in the park,she saw an old friend.当她在公园里散步时,，她看到了她的一个老朋友。（2）作原因状语（一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句）Being ill,he couldnt go to school.=As he was ill,he couldnt go to schoo

13、l.因为生病了，他无法去上学。（3）作条件状语（一般放在句首,可转换成由if,unless等连词引导的条件状语从句）Working hard,youll make great progress.=If you work hard,youll make great progress.如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。（4）作结果状语现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开。The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,allowingmore patients to be treated.这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设

14、备，这使更多的病人能得到治疗。注意：现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：He was caught in the rain,thus making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。I hurried to school,only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。（5）作让步、方式和伴随状语现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时

15、，表示分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。Mary sat by the window of the classroom,reading a book.=Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.玛丽坐在教室的窗边正在读一本书。名师点津（1）为强调v.-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when,while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before,after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。Though knowing

16、all this,they made me pay for the damage.尽管他们了解这一切,但还是让我赔偿损失。（2）having done作状语，表示现在分词的动作先发生，谓语动词的动作后发生。Having finished the letter,he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。（having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的）（3）v.-ing形式的否定式：not+v.-ing;not having+v.-edNot knowing this,he didnt come.他不知道这件事，所以没来。Not having made ful

17、l preparations,we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。（4）有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”，judging by/from“从来判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。Judging from his behaviour,he must be mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。6.v.-ing形式作宾语补足语v.-ing形式作宾语

18、补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。（1）表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词（短语）（常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,look at,listen to等）+sb.+doing sth.。I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。I saw the little boy crying there.我看到小男孩在那儿哭。（2）表示指使意义的使役动词（常见的有have,keep,get,leave等）+sb./sth.+doing sth.。We

19、kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。（3）用于with复合结构中。I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做我的家庭作业。With so many people looking at her,she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。.单句填空1.(2020全国卷)In fact,anyone _ （wish）to try rac

20、e walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique,she says.wishing2.(2020全国卷)Chinese New Year is a celebration _ （mark）the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.marking3.(2020全国卷)They represent the earth _ (come)back to life and best wishes

21、 for new ing4.(2020全国卷)Messages with emojis feel more conversational,_ (encourage)better and more frequent communication.encouraging5.(2020全国卷)Theyll come rushing in,_ (say)their handbags been stolen.saying6.On a sunny day,after lunch,she sat there,_ (read)a novel.reading7.There was a terrible noise

22、 _ (follow)the sudden burst of light.following8._ （judge）from her letters,Mother seems to be feeling a lot better.Judging9._ (live)in Beijing for many years,Carter knew the city well.Having lived10.Whether you like it or not,_ (travel)is interesting as well as tiring.travelling11.Though she has litt

23、le education,she insists on her son _ (go)to college.going12.The teacher told the students to stop _ (write)and _(listen)to him.writingto listen13.They were very _ (excite)at the news that someone would lend them money.excited14.Dont have the students _ (study)all day,which will reduce their interes

24、t in study.studying15.Dont leave her _ (wait)outside in the rain.waiting.完成句子1.(2020全国卷)有一条小河穿过农场。(flow)There is a small river _ .flowing through the farm2.学走路的孩子经常摔倒。(learn)_ often falls.A child learning to walk3.这些学生说说笑笑地走进教室。(talk;laugh)The students walked into the classroom,_ .talking and laughi

25、ng4.孩子们让火一直燃烧着。(burn)The children kept _ .the fire burning all the time5.由于他不懂英语,他不知道他们想要什么。(understand)_ ,he didnt know what they wanted.Not understanding English.语法填空 1._ (fall)in love with a beautiful lady,a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._ (marry)her to him.The old parents did not kno

26、w what to say.Not 3._ (hope)to give their daughter to the lion,they did not want 4._ (anger)the king of beasts.At last the father said,“We are glad 5._ (marry)our daughter to you,but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove)your claws and teeth,you can marry her.”Fallingto marryhopingt

27、o angerto marryremoving 7._ (love)the lady very much,the lion trimmed（修剪）his claws and took out his big teeth.8._(come)to the parents again,he was simply laughed in his face.9._ (beat)out of the house,the lion felt 10._(depress)and died soon.LovingComingBeatendepressed1._Falling解析 语篇解读这是一则有深刻意义的寓言故事

28、。寓意：有些人轻易相信别人的话，抛弃自己的长处，结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己的人击败了。a lion与fall是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示原因。2._to marry解析 ask sb.to do sth.，不定式作宾补。3._hoping解析 they与hope是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示让步，相当于Although they didnt hope to。4._to anger解析 want后只能用不定式作宾语，意为“不想激怒百兽之王”。5._to marry解析 在作表语的形容词glad后作状语，表示原因，只能用不定式。6._removing解析 you与rem

29、ove是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示条件，相当于if you remove。7._Loving解析 the lion与love是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示原因。8._Coming解析 he与come是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作伴随状语。9._Beaten解析 the lion与beat是被动关系，用v.-ed形式作状语，表示原因。10._depressed解析 表示狮子“感到沮丧的”，用v.-ed形式作表语。.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)When he saw the mists _ (rise)from the river and the soft clo

30、uds _（surround）the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.risingsurrounding2.(2020天津卷)The dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet _ (clap)for 10 minutes at the end of the show.clapping3.(2020全国卷)_ (land)on the moons far side is extremely challenging.Landing4.（2020全国卷）I do know how

31、 upset the shop staff can get,but I try to persuade them to keep _ (smile).smiling5.（2020全国卷）I hate _ (lie)to the kids.lying6.I suggest _ (finish)it in time.finishing7.It is no good _ (make)an excuse for this.making8._ (shake)heads means“No”in some countries.Shaking9.Because of his bad health,the do

32、ctor advised him to give up _ (smoke).smoking10.The fruit _ (look)fresh in his fruit stand sells well.looking11.Last night,there were millions of people _ (watch)the opening ceremony live on TV.watching12.Theres a note pinned to the door _ (say)when the shop will open again.saying13.His speech was s

33、o _ (move)that most of the students couldnt hold back their tears.moving14._ (find)the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.Finding15._ (wait)in the queue for half an hour,the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.Having waited.句型转换1.As long as you work ha

34、rd,you will succeed._ ,you will succed.（现在分词作状语）Working hard2.His rich parents died and left him a lot of money.His rich parents died,_ .（现在分词作状语）leaving him a lot of money3.Although he had failed many times,he didnt lose heart._,he didnt lose heart.（现在分词作状语）Although having failed many times4.The gi

35、rl who is sitting under that tree is my sister._ is my sister.（现在分词作定语）The girl sitting under that tree5.When he was asked what had happened,he lowered his head._ ,he lowered his head.（过去分词作状语）Asked what had happened6.The meeting which is being held in Beijing now is of great importance._,is of grea

36、t importance.（现在分词作定语）The meeting being held in Beijing now7.As she was scolded by the teacher,the girl sat there without lifting her head._ ,the girl sat there without lifting her head.（过去分词作状语）Scolded by the teacher8.If we see from the mountain,we can see the river running through the city._ ,we c

37、an see the river running through the city.（现在分词作状语）Seeing from the mountain.完成句子1.（2020全国卷书面表达）在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙采摘挂在每棵树上的桃子。(cover)While enjoying being close to nature,we began to help pick peaches _ .covering every tree2.我认识那只在树上睡觉的小鸟。(sleep)I know the bird _ .sleeping in the tree3.她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照

38、顾孩子。(wash,clean,take care of)Her job is _ .washing,cleaning and taking care of the children4.读了很多遍，这篇难懂的文章似乎容易多了。(read)_,the difficult passage seems much easier.Having been read many times5.我希望不久之后能看见你。(see)Im looking forward to _ .seeing you soon6.由于没有完成他们的家庭作业，他们放学后就被留下了。(finish)_,they were left a

39、fter school.Not having finished their homework.阅读理解（2021广西桂林高二期末）Mr.Peter Johnson,aged twenty-three,battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.Mr.Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）.Mr.Johnsons car had fini

40、shed up in a ditch（沟渠）at Romney Marsin,after skidding on ice and hitting a bank.“Fortunately,the water began to come in only slowly,”Mr.Johnson said.“I couldnt force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flood

41、ing in.”Mr.Johnson,a sweet salesman of Sitting Home,first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot.Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said,“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocke

42、t and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear,but no help came.”It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat,and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot.Then Mr.Johnson found a wrench（扳手）and began to

43、work on the boot lock.Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had.Finally it gave ,but as soon as I moved the boot lid,the water and mud poured in.I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”His hands and arms cut and bruised（擦伤）,Mr.Johnson got to Beckett

44、 Farm nearby,where he was looked after by the farmers wife,Mrs.Lucy Bates.Huddled in a blanket,he said,“That thirty minutes seemed like hours.”Only the tips of the car wheels were visible,police said last night.The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.1.Which of the follo

45、wing objects is the most important to Mr.Johnson?()A.The hammer.B.The coin.C.The screw.D.The horn.B解析 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于车祸，Peter Johnson被困于水下半小时，最后死里逃生的故事。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the

46、back seat to get into the boot.”可知，硬币是Johnson先生最重要的东西。2.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?()A.Mr.Johnsons car stood on its boot as it fell down.B.Mr.Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.C.Mr.Johnsons car accident was partly due to the slippery road.D

47、.Mr.Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.C解析【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段Mr.Johnsons car had finished up in a ditch（沟渠）at Romney Marsin,after skidding on ice and hitting a bank.可知，Johnson先生的车祸，部分是由于路滑造成的。3.The underlined part“Finally it gave”in Paragraph 5 means that“_”.A.luc

48、kily the door was torn away in the endB.at last the wrench went brokenC.the lock came open after all his effortsD.the chance was lost at the last minuteC解析【命题立意】句意理解题。【解题思路】根据上文began to work on the boot lock以及下文的“as soon as I moved the boot lid,the water and mud poured in”可推知，在他努力之后锁被打开了。结合语境Finally

49、 it gave理解为“经过他的努力，锁终于开了”。4.What is the best title for this newspaper article?()A.The Story of Mr.Johnson,a Sweet SalesmanB.Car Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape RouteC.Driver Escapes Through Car BootD.The Driver Survived a Terrible Car AccidentC解析【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段Mr.Peter Johnson,aged twenty-

50、three,battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.Mr.Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）.可知，本文主要讲述了Peter Johnson从行李厢逃生的故事，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“司机从汽车行李厢逃生”。深度解析词汇积累1.escape from 从逃离2.flood in 涌入3.struggle n.搏斗；斗争4.ha

51、mmer v.锤击5.desperately adv.拼命地难句分析原句：Mr.Johnson,a sweet salesman of Sitting Home,first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot.句意：Johnson先生是Sitting Home公司能说会道的推销员，他首先试图通过按喇叭、敲打车顶和行李厢来吸引其他驾车者的注意。分析：这是一个较为复杂的简单句；名词短语a sweet salesman of

52、Sitting Home作同位语，解释说明Johnson先生的职业；and连接两个动名词短语作介词by的宾语。.语法填空2021陕西西安长安区高二月考 A Australia 1_ (lie)in the smallest continent-Oceania.It is a mainly dry country,whose big cities lie on the southeast coast.This is 2_ most Australians live.The centre of the continent,which is mainly desert and dry grassla

53、nd,has few 3_ (settlement).Australia is a popular destination attracting many tourists 4_(come)to experience its unique ecology,lieswheresettlementsto comingso efficient transport is of great importance.With the economy 5_ (grow),its industries develop 6_ (rapid)a higher level of production,a wider

54、range of products.Although Australian states are autonomous,it has a federal government 7_(responsibility)for matters that affect people all over the country.The federal government is 8_ (locate)in Canberra.The representatives of other countries have their embassies here.Australia wants to strengthe

55、n relations with her neighbors.growingrapidlyresponsiblelocated Australia is 9_ strange land,a land of vast expanses-fertile valleys,snow fields and deserts-also a land with unique animals,many of which cannot 10_ (find)on any other continent in the world.abe found1._lies解析 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的地理

56、位置、人文环境和政治情况等。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Australia，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。2._where解析 考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，且从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。3._settlements解析 考查名词的数。此处settlement是可数名词，few后面需用名词复数形式。4._to coming解析 考查非谓语动词。attract sb.to doing sth.意为“吸引某人做某事”。5._growing解析 考查非谓语动词。该空所在部分为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，

57、the economy和grow为主谓关系，需填grow的现在分词形式。6._rapidly解析 考查副词。空处修饰动词develop，需填副词作状语。7._responsible解析 考查形容词。be responsible for意为“为负责”。此处需用形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词government。8._located解析 考查固定搭配。be located in意为“位于”。9._a解析 考查冠词。land意为“国家，地区”时为可数名词，表示泛指，且strange发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。10._be found解析 考查被动语态。which指代先行词animals，

58、且和find构成被动关系，故需用被动语态；cannot后面需用动词原形，故填be found。2021浙江嘉兴高二期中B Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country.In Australia,Canada,the United States 1_ European countries,sending gifts is rarely expected.While seen as a nice gesture,it is more important to avoid 2_ (give)highly personal gifts suc

59、h as clothing.When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3_ (country),it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.In America,4_(expense)gifts are definitely out.andgivingcountriesexpensiveA good 5_ (choose)is to take the deserving person to dinner,or to 6_entertainment or

60、a sporting event.7_ the contrary,gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan.In Japan the proper gift is thought 8_ (express)the givers true friendship,gratitude and respect far 9_(well)than words can.So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here,be prepared.choiceanOnto expr

61、essbetter Australia is known for its friendliness and informality.So modest gifts,such as a diary,a paperweight,or a coffee cup might 10_(present)to a friend.At a trade show,T-shirts,ties,baseball caps,or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs.Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarras

62、sment.be presented1._and解析 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地不同文化中送礼的不同礼仪以及需要注意的事项。考查连词。本句中Australia,Canada,the United States 和 European countries四部分形成并列结构，一起作介词in的宾语。2._giving解析 考查动名词。avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”，其中动名词doing sth.作动词avoid的宾语。3._countries解析 考查名词的数。空前有these修饰，后面要接可数名词复数形式。4._expensive解析 考查形容词。形容词expens

63、ive在句中作定语修饰名词gifts。5._choice解析 考查名词。系动词is前面是主语，主语通常是名词或代词，应该使用动词choose的名词形式choice作主语。6._an解析 考查不定冠词。不定冠词an修饰entertainment，泛指一场娱乐活动，和后面的a sporting event构成并列关系。7._On解析 考查固定短语。短语on the contrary意为“恰恰相反”，表示上下文的转折关系。8._to express解析 考查不定式。be thought to do意为“被认为要做”，其中不定式作补足语，补充说明主语。9._better解析 考查比较级。本句中把礼物与语言相比，来说明恰当的礼物被认为比语言可以更好地表达送礼者真诚的友谊。所以使用比较级形式better。10._be presented解析 考查被动语态。由语境可知，此处使用提示词的被动语态形式。空前有情态动词might，故填be presented。