2022版新教材高中英语 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 高考练（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第二册.docx

1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS五年高考练阅读理解(2020北京,C,)For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript (手稿) consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of

2、 instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.The authors intention remains as mysterious (神秘) as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills the author described

3、. “You simply cant get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it,” she says.Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isnt just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen (工匠) who lived centuries ago can reveal

4、 how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eye problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.The work has also bro

5、ught insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. Whats more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These s

6、culptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We cant appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appearedsomething Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.Smith has put the manuscripts ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the wo

7、rlds of art and science back together. She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.Back when sciencethen called “the new philosophy”took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understa

8、nding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering (修补), as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handi

9、ness of our ancestors.词汇积累1.reconstruct v.修复;重建2.present-day adj.现今的3.wear down磨损, 损耗4.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的5.hands-on adj.动手的;实际操作的6.handiness n.灵巧1.How did Smith feel after reading the French manuscript?A.Confused about the technical terms.B.Impressed with its detailed instructions. C.Discouraged

10、 by its complex structure.D.Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.2.According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to . A.restore old workshopsB.understand the craftsmenC.improve visual effectsD.inspire the philosophers 3.Why does the author mention museums?A.To reveal the beauty of an

11、cient objects.B.To present the findings of old science. C.To highlight the importance of antiques.D.To emphasise the values of hand skills.4.Which would be the best title for this passage? A.Craftsmen Set the Trends for ArtistsB.Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories C.Craftsmanship Makes Better Scient

12、istsD.Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science答案全解全析五年高考练 语篇解读本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。作者通过科学历史学家葆拉史密斯致力于被遗忘已久的技术这一事例来证明工艺造就了更好的科学家。1.D细节理解题。本题题干意为:在读了法语手稿后,史密斯有什么感觉?根据第二段第二句“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills the author described.”(但让史密斯震惊的主要是,她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的

13、任何技能。)可知答案为D项(她为自己缺乏手工技能而感到震惊。)。其他选项文中并未提及。2.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:按照史密斯的说法,进行复原工作主要是为了。根据第三段第二句“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them.”(复原生活在几个世纪前的工匠的作品可以揭示

14、他们如何看待世界、他们的家里有什么东西和生产这些东西的工场里发生了什么。)可知答案为B项(了解工匠)。A:复原老工场;C:改善视觉效果;D:激励哲学家。3.D推理判断题。本题题干意为:为什么作者提及博物馆?第三段提到重现古代工匠们的作品的作用,即可以更好地了解他们的世界观、工作、生活环境,第四段指出这些作品也给博物馆带来启示:为了更好地保护文物,博物馆必须了解文物的创作过程,而重现作品可能是了解宝藏原本的样子的唯一方法。由此可推知,作者提及博物馆是为了进一步强调手工技术的重要性,故答案为D项。A:揭示古代物品的美丽;B:展示古代科学的发现;C:强调古董的重要性。以上三项文中并未涉及,故被排除。

15、4.C主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是哪个?本文以史密斯致力于被遗忘已久的技术为线索,介绍了工艺对科学的促进,由此可推知本文的最佳题目应为C项(工艺造就了更好的科学家)。A:工匠为艺术家引领潮流;B:工艺产生新的理论;D:工匠重新塑造科学的未来。长难句分析原句Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠)who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them.分析本句是一个主从复合句。Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen是动名词短语作主语;who lived centuries ago是定语从句,修饰先行词craftsmen;can reveal是谓语部分,后面的how以及两个what引导的是三个并列的宾语从句。在最后一个what从句中又含有that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词workshops。句意复原生活在几个世纪前的工匠的作品可以揭示他们如何看待世界、他们的家里有什么东西和生产这些东西的作坊里发生了什么。5