2020-2021学年英语人教版选修8课时作业 UNIT 2 SECTION Ⅱ　LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE .doc

1、课时作业6Learning about Language & Using Language.单词拼写1He is straightforward (直率的), which makes it easier for us to communicate.2Im sorry to bother (打扰) you, but can I talk to you for the moment?3The objection (反对) to smoking is raised by most people.4Surfing the Internet during bedtime is forbidden (禁止

2、) in this school.5They are not merely (仅仅) content to fill in the stomach.6Clouds began to accumulate in the sky and a heavy rain was coming.7I finished the whole cake. I just couldnt resist it.8We sell food of good quality at reasonable prices.9His doctors degree obtained in America is definitely a

3、 big advantage over others in applying for the position.10You have to be very exact in the design, because a small mistake can make a big difference.选词填空in favor of， cast down， in many respects， be bound to， bring back to life， accumulate， have a great impact on， from time to time， pay off， open one

4、s eyes to 1In_many_respects,_the new edition isnt so good as the old one.2Dont lie to your father. He is_bound_to find it out.3In the TV play, Hawking was_brought_back_to_life,_which attracted us.4Shortly after they cooperated, they quickly accumulated a large fortune.5With the help of his father, h

5、e paid_off all the debts.6His experience of teaching in the countryside opened_his_eyes_to the country life.7He was cast_down when he discovered the fate of the fellow.8Fashion designers are always changing styles of dress from_time_to_time to make more money from ladies.9Are you in_favor_of the gov

6、ernments plan to build more railway lines?10If the book is published, it will have_a_great_impact_on young people.词语辨析A用strike, beat或hit的适当形式填空。1We watched the waves beating the shore.2The lightning struck the tree.3The bullet hit the police officer in the shoulder.解析：strike指急速地或突然地用力打击或敲击。beat指反复地打

7、，尤指用木棍或其他较硬的东西击打。另外，beat还可表示“(心脏)跳动”(注意联想心脏跳动的连续性与beat表示“打”的反复性)，以及“打鼓”“打拍子”等，它们均强调动作的连续和反复，因此可分别译为beat a drum, beat time。hit指有目标地重重一击，侧重击中的意思。B用condition, state或situation填空。4The whole country was in a state of ferment(骚动) that year.5His condition will not permit him to travel.6He is in a dangerous

8、situation.解析：state主要强调人或物在特定时间内具有的特征和所处的环境，不涉及相互之间的关系。condition作“状况”解释时与state相近，但含有“与周围环境有关”之意，另外，condition可以有复数形式，而state作“状况”解释时只能用单数。situation意为“情况”“形势”“局面”，多强调国际局势，如：We are studying the international situation.C用mere或only填空。7How can you expect him to understand? Hes a mere child.8It is only a mat

9、ter of time.解析：mere是形容词，意为“仅仅，只不过；纯粹的”；only是形容词、副词、连词。词性不同，意义不同。作副词时是“仅仅，只”的意思；作形容词时是“唯一的，仅有的”的意思；作连词时是“但是，只不过”的意思。D用adore或admire的适当形式填空。9Lewis was much admired for his work on literature.10She adores working with children.解析：admire表示“钦佩”的成分大一些，而adore表示“爱慕，喜爱”的成分大一些，比如你可以对爱人adore，对你的老师admire。.句型转换1S

10、he wanted Doctor Smith to look over her son at once, but she didnt know if he was free then.She wondered whether Doctor Smith could examine her son at once.2He advised me to spend my vacation in Dalian this summer.He suggested that I should spend my vacation in Dalian this summer.3Its so hot today.

11、To have a swim in the river is so exciting.It is exciting to go swimming in the river, because its so hot today.4Although he was not strong, he joined in the work.Despite his weakness, he took part in the work.5We knew each other at the place where she once learned French.It was at the place where s

12、he once learned French that we knew each other.6Tom saw a pretty lady sitting in a chair the moment he came into the house.Hardly had Tom come into the house when he saw a pretty lady sitting in a chair.阅读理解Have you ever wished you could have a clone of yourself to do homework while you went out pla

13、ying with your friends? Imagine if you could really do that, what would you start?What exactly is cloning?Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two! You might not believe it，but there are human

14、 clones among us right now. They werent made in a lab, though. They are identical twins, created naturally. Below, well see how natural identical twins relate to modern cloning technologies.How is cloning done?How does one go about making an exact genetic copy of an organism? There are a couple of w

15、ays to do this: artificial embryo (胚胎) twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer (体细胞核转移). How do these processes differ?1Artificial Embryo TwinningArtificial embryo twinning is the relatively lowtech method of cloning. As the name suggests, this technology imitates the natural process of creating

16、identical twins. Artificial embryo twinning uses the same approach, but it occurs in a dish instead of in the mothers body.2Somatic Cell Nuclear TransferSomatic cell nuclear transfer means using a different method from artificial embryo twinning, but it produces the same result: an exact clone，or a

17、genetic copy of an individual. This was the method used to create Dolly the sheep.To make Dolly, researchers separated a somatic cell from an adult female sheep. Next, they transferred the nucleus from that cell to an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed. After chemicals were used, the e

18、gg cell with its new nucleus developed into an embryo, which was implanted into a mother and carried to term.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是克隆，克隆是怎样完成的及人造胚胎双生技术和自然生殖的区别。1If an organism is cloned and a new organism appears, _.Athe new organism looks like the original one outsideBevery single bit of DNA is the same

19、 between the twoCthe new organism is slightly different from the originalDmost bits of DNA are the same between the two答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two！”可知，被克隆出来的生物体与原生物体的DNA完全相同。2The approach of artificial embryo twinning _.Ais the relativel

20、y hightech method of cloningBdiffers the natural process of creating identical twinsCtransfers the nucleus from a somatic cell to anotherDis similar to the natural process of creating identical twins答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句话“As the name suggests, this technology imitates the natural process of creating

21、 identical twins.”可知，克隆技术与自然状态下生产双胞胎比较相似，故D项正确。3From the passage we learn that _.Acloning is only done in the labBhuman cloning doesnt exist nowCcloning cant be done without a motherDcloning can be done with any cell答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话“After chemicals were used, the egg cell with its new nucleu

22、s developed into an embryo, which was implanted into a mother and carried to term.”可知，胚胎最后要植入母体，因此说克隆离不开母体，故C项正确。4What is the main difference between an artificial embryo twin and a natural identical twin?AOne is done in the dish; the other in the mothers body.BOne is done without embryo but the oth

23、er needs embryo.COne is done without egg cell but the other needs egg cell.DNatural identical twin is easier than artifical embryo twin.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话“Artificial embryo twinning uses the same approach, but it occurs in a dish instead of in the mothers body.”可知，人造胚胎双生技术和自然生殖的最大区别是：一个在实验器皿中培育

24、而成，一个在母体中形成。.七选五How to focus on today, and do your bestIf you want to be successful, then you must appreciate the importance of living in the present. _1_ Here are some tips to motivate you to make the most of the present.Be grateful for the little things. Start a gratitude journal. _2_ Take time to

25、 appreciate the things going well in your everyday life, the things you are thankful for，or the things you accept as normal without thinking about them.Train yourself to do one thing at a time. Dont work on too many projects no matter how big your ambitions (抱负) are. _3_ Take it one day at a time, a

26、nd soon youll be surprised at how much youve managed to accomplish._4_ Remind yourself of where you are by asking yourself, “Is this what I should be doing right now？”“Am I feeling happy doing this at present？” “What is the one thing I can do to make today count？” Know your own character well and li

27、sten to your feelings.Schedule some “me time” and make the most of it. Make some time out of your busy schedule to follow a creative hobby，enjoy the beauty of nature or simply some pop culture entertainment. _5_John Lennon once said, “Life is whats happening while were busy making.” Practice keeping

28、 your attention on the here and now. The present moment is where you arealways!AFinish one task at a time.BFind the good in every situation.CStart to do what you enjoy doing.DAsk yourself questions to be in the present.EBelieve in what you are really feeling at present.FAlways remember that the best

29、 preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.GNot only will it help you to relax, but it will also aid you in focusing better on your tasks.本文是说明文，话题是日常生活类。本文介绍了如何活在当下，做到尽善尽美。1F解析：本空承接上句，进一步说明把握当下对未来意义重大。2B解析：B项Find the good in every situation与本段的主旨“对生活中的小事要有感激的态度”呼应。3A解析：A项与段落首句中的do one thing at a time呼应。4D解析：由本段中的问题以及问题中的right now, at present和today可知，本段的主旨为：问自己一些与活在当下相关的问题。5G解析：G项的it指代上文中的“me time”，用来说明“自我时间”的好处。