2019_2020学年高中英语Unit3AhealthylifeSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage.doc

1、Section Learning about Language & Using Language.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空have an effect on; be accustomed to; be due to；feel like; in spite of; manage to; decide on; get into; be addicted to; take the risk of1Did you find out the time of the train to Miami?Yes, the early train _leave at 530 am.2How did you f

2、ind your Christmas holiday?_the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.3He doesnt want to _losing his job, especially since he became the main source of familys income.4Have you_a date for the wedding?5The children_the bad habit of switching on the television as soon as they came back

3、from school.6To be honest, I dont_dealing with such urgent problems.7I _getting up early and taking an hours walk before breakfast.8What worries him is that his son_watching TV.9Wet weather_the health of most people.10She just_hold back her anger at the time.答案1is due to2.In spite of3.take the risk

4、of4decided on5.got into6.feel like7am accustomed to8.is addicted to9has an effect on10.managed to.用所给词的适当形式填空1Mum, its so cold outside and I dont feel like_(go) shopping with you.Oh, if you dont, you may as well watch TV at home.2I was once_(shame) to admit my weakness, but now I have no such feelin

5、g and I save myself much discomfort.3_(addict) to online shopping for too long, according to a survey conducted recently, will greatly decrease peoples desire to take part in social activities.4Studying abroad can be _(stress), because you have to worry about adjusting to a new culture at the same t

6、ime.5Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but_didnt help.6_(disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldnt like to talk about it to his parents.7_(accustom) to climbing the steep mountain, Kevin had no difficulty reaching the top.8He only gave an _(embarrass) smile when sh

7、e spilled the water onto him.9He showed excellent_(judge) in choosing a friend.10Our friendship has steadily_(strength) over the years.答案1going2.ashamed3.Being addicted4stressful5.it6.Disappointed7.Accustomed8embarrassed9.judgement10.strengthened.阅读理解AWhy do people drink too much, eat too much, smok

8、e cigarettes or take drugs? Whats to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these selfdestructive (自我毁灭的) acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of selfcontrol, lacking the will power to resist them.Acco

9、rding to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesnt quite make sense.In fact, it turns out that sometimes its having will power that really gets you into trouble.Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer.Disgusting, wasnt it? Wh

10、en my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it.And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigaretteit tastes awful.So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (诱惑) you need will power to resist；they never, eve

11、r start out that way.Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of selfcontrol.Ironically (讽刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to some day develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or darkroast

12、ed Starbucks coffee.We do it for social acceptance.We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grownup, and cool.These bad habits arent selfcontrol failuresfar from it.They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact selfcontrol suc

13、cesses.Selfcontrol is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful.To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our selfcontrol, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.1What do most people think causes bad behavior?ABeing forced by o

14、thers.BNot having enough will power.CEnjoying their first experiences.DFollowing the examples of their friends.2The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove_Awill power helps develop bad habits sometimesBdrinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagersCselfcontrol should be

15、developed when one is youngDeveryone can be challenged by different temptations3In the last paragraph, the author stresses that_Awithout selfcontrol, no one can succeedBbad habits dont always lead to bad resultsCapplying selfcontrol correctly is importantDpeople can develop wisdom from bad behavior4

16、What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe Authors First Sip of BeerBEveryone Should Have Will PowerCWill Power Benefits UsDDark Side of Selfcontrol答案与解析本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。我们的很多坏习惯都是由自我控制引起的，文章重点讲述的是自我控制的不好的一方面。1B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“they are all examples of failures of selfcontrol, lacking the will power

17、to resist them.”通过自我控制失败的例子，可知，他们缺乏意志力。故选B。2A推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (诱惑) you need will power to resist；they never, ever start out that way.”可知，正是我们缺乏意志力让我们染上了那些坏的习惯。故选A。3D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中的“the wisdom to make good decisions about w

18、hen and where to apply it.”可知，做出明智的决定是最重要的。也就是正确运用自我控制力很重要。故选C。4D主旨大意题。我们的很多坏习惯都是由自我控制引起的，文章重点讲述的是自我控制的不好的一方面。故选D。BSome inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we wonder why no one thought of them long ago.Postit Notes, the pieces of paper that you can stick almost anywhere and then remov

19、e without leaving any sign that they are there, are an example of such an invention.Postit Notes were invented about twenty years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Corporation.The idea for the product came from an upsetting experience he often had while singing in his church choir.Fry used pieces of

20、 paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out.He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it, but that he could remove without damaging the pages.Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive(粘合剂) that a colleague, Dr.Spence

21、 Silver had created.This adhesive was special because it was sticky, but not too sticky.It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough not to tear the paper when it was removed.Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem.One morning, Fry put some of the adhesiv

22、e on the edge of a piece of paper.Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.A short time later, Fry realized that his new invention had even more uses than being a great bookmark.He came to this realization when he wrote a note on one of his new “bookmarks” and attached it to a report he was goin

23、g to give to a colleague.Soon, coworkers were asking Fry for more sample of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves.Fry and some other people at 3M believed so much in the new product that they persuaded the company to give away thousands of the sticky pieces of paper f

24、or trial use.When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many orders.As more and more people discovered how useful Postit Notes could be, the product took off.5The invention of Postit Notes showed that Art

25、Fry_Ahad a lot of knowledgeBwas very hardworkingCwas good at creative thinkingDloved his job in the church6In what way did Dr.Spence help Art Fry?AThey worked together and often discussed science.BHis invention of a special adhesive made Arts invention possible.CHe persuaded 3M Corporation to give a

26、way lots of Postit Notes for trial use.DHe cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art.7Which of the following is a possible use of Postit Notes?AA note on a friends door.BAn email to a friend.CA postcard from abroad.DAn ad in a newspaper.8The biggest advantage of Postit Notes is_Ait c

27、an stay anywhere and leave no sign when removedBit is very cheap to useCit is good to write notes onDit is very thin and beautiful答案与解析本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。这篇短文主要讲述了便利贴的发明历史，这是亚特弗莱在偶然间产生的一个想法，最后在Dr.Spence发明的一种胶水的帮助下，这种想法成为了现实。5C推理判断题。根据文章二三段描述，特别是“The idea for the product came from an upsetting experience h

28、e often had while singing in his church choir.”可知，亚特弗莱是个有创造性的人。故选C。6B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive (粘合剂) that a colleague, Dr.Spence Silver had created.”那时候，弗莱听说他的同事Dr.Spence发明的一种新粘合剂；“One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the edge of a piece of paper.Just a

29、s he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.”一天早上，弗莱把一些粘合剂放在一张纸的边上，正如他希望的，做成了一个完美的书签。故选B。7A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs”和第四段中的“he wrote a note on one of his newbookmarksand attached it to a report”可知，Postit Notes是一种边缘带有粘合剂的便签，贴在其它物体上时，它不会掉下

30、来，说明便签纸是方便用来记东西的一种便条。A项适合使用，故选A。8A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Postit Notes, the pieces of paper that you can stick almost anywhere and then remove without leaving any sign that they were there, are an example of such an invention.”可知便利贴的最大好处是它可以贴在任何地方，当揭下时不留任何痕迹。故选A。C(2019年高考课标全国卷)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm

31、 Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad.What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels “me” time.And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53 percent)have

32、breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works in downtown Wes

33、t Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，And

34、rew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week，” he s

35、aid.“Its a chance for selfreflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.Now，we have our smartphones to keep us co

36、mpany at the table.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demerit, whose company provided the statistics for the report.9What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 about?AFood variety.BEating habits.CTable manners. DRestaurant service.10Why does Becht

37、el prefer to go out for lunch?ATo meet with her coworkers.BTo catch up with her work.CTo have some time on her own.DTo collect data for her report.11What do we know about Mazoleny?AHe makes videos for the bar.BHes fond of the food at the bar.CHe interviews customers at the bar.DHes familiar with the

38、 barkeeper.12What is the text mainly about?AThe trend of having meals alone.BThe importance of selfreflection.CThe stress from working overtime.DThe advantage of wireless technology.答案与解析本篇是说明文。美国人的用餐习惯逐渐发生改变，独自用餐慢慢成为一种习惯。9B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在美国，约有46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们独自吃午餐，只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本

39、段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B。10C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.Today, I just wanted some time to myself.”可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的关注，给自己留一些自由时间，故选C。11D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with who

40、m hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)”可知Mazoleny喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里，查看手机信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。12A主旨大意题。本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选A。.短文改错In recent years many flowers shops have been appeared in our sma

41、ll town.It is common for people to buy flowers when they go to a gathering, visiting a sick friend, or attend a wedding or birthday party.I still remember clear one day last year when Tom, a disabled student, presented some flowers to his mother to show his gratitude for her.He owing his entire life

42、 to his mothers kind and care.With her he would not have had the confidence or the courage to fight his disability.As a result the great effort he has made, he was finally admitted to a key university.答案与解析本文是记叙文。作者在文中讲述了近几年送花已经成为一种流行的趋势。作者曾记得一位残疾学生在花店买了些花送给妈妈表示对妈妈的衷心谢意，这位残疾学生就是在妈妈的鼓励下取得自信和战胜病魔的勇气，最

43、后考入大学。1flowersflower考查名词作定语。名词作定语时要用单数形式，此处指花店。句意：近年来，我们的小城镇出现了许多花店。故将 flowers改为flower。2去掉been考查动词的语态。appear是不及物动词，没有被动语态。句意：近年来，我们的小城镇出现了许多花店。故把been去掉。3visitingvisit考查并列成分。句子里的buy，visit 和 attend 是并列结构，形式保持一致。句意：当他们去参加聚会，拜访生病的朋友，或参加婚礼或生日聚会。故将visiting改为visit。4clearclearly考查副词。这里用副词作状语，修饰动词remember。句意

44、：我仍然清楚记得去年的某一天。故将clear改为clearly。5forto考查固定搭配。express gratitude to sb.为固定搭配，意为“向某人表示感激”。句意：向母亲赠送一些花以表达对她的感激之情。故将for 改为 to。6owingowed考查动词的时态。结合上下文语境，此处讲的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。句意：他把他的一生归功于母亲的善良和关心。故将owe改为owed。7kindkindness考查名词，名词所有格后面要跟名词，kind是形容词，名词形式为kindness。句意：他把他的一生归功于母亲的善良和关心。故将kind 改为 kindness。 8With

45、Without考查句意。分析句意应为“如果没有她，他就没有足够的勇气与残疾作斗争”，是含蓄虚拟语气的表达方式。故此处应该用否定形式 Without。故将 With 改为 Without。9result与the之间加of考查固定短语。as a result of，为固定短语，意为“因此，由于”，后面接原因，故在 result 与the之间加of。句意：由于他做出了巨大的努力，他终于被重点大学录取了。故在result 与the之间加of。10hashad考查动词。根据was finally admitted 可知，努力肯定发生在被录取之前，所以应该用过去完成时。句意：由于他做出了巨大的努力，他终于被重点大学录取了。故将 has 改为 had。