2019届英语一轮复习人教版必修一UNIT5NELSON MENDELA-A MODERN HERO单元学案（19页） WORD版含解析.DOC

1、2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5Nelson Mendela-a modern hero单元学案单元基础词汇语法回顾.单词拼写1Jack is often told by his parents to be friendly to anybody even if he is _(抨击)2Different people have different _(看法)about open education.3If you are interested in buying coloured business cards of high _(质量)at a reasonable price, y

2、ou need to use the Internet.4We should give all children _ (平等)opportunities to develop their special talents.5Children should learn and obey the _(原则)of the school first.6The Peoples Republic of China was _(成立)in 1949.7In the end the soldiers succeeded in _(逃跑) from prison and ran away.8I promise t

3、hat you will be _(报答)for providing useful information about the missing child.9I think Rose will become a good monitor, so Id like to _(投票)for her.10Girls should have the right to be _(教育)at school as boys do.答案1attacked2.opinions3.quality4.equal5.principles6founded7.escaping8.rewarded9.vote10.educa

4、ted.单句语法填空1Her _ (devote) to the job left her with very little time.2Russia won the bid for the 2018 World Cup because they got the most _ (vote)3This position is _ (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.4They succeeded in _ (escape) from the burning bus, whic

5、h was a terrible experience.5In some parts of the city, teachers have to deal with _ (violent) in the classroom.6He cant stand the _ (fair) treatment.7The enemy planes _ (attack) the city, causing many deaths.8After retiring from the basketball field, Yao Ming decided to get further _ (educate) in S

6、hanghai Jiao Tong University.9The boy was _ (reward) for bringing back the lost dog.10Some students will _ (active) answer teachers questions while others just keep silent when asked any question.11It seemed as if nothing had been achieved, but he will never lose _.12It was a prison from _ no one co

7、uld escape.13The owner of the garden allowed us _ (enter) the garden.14My mother devoted most of her time to _ (care) for my sick father.15As _ matter of fact, he was _ lawyer.16Because he has been out of _ for months, the young man now depends on his parents for a living.17With no one to turn _ in

8、such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.18Free _ worry, the woman lived a peaceful life.19He was the first man _ (explore) the outer space.20Im worried about _ I can be admitted to the university.答案1devotion2.votes3.equally4.escaping5.violence6unfair7.attacked8.education9.rewarded10acti

9、vely11.heart12.which13.to enter14.caring15a; a16.work17.to18.of/from19.to explore20whether.单句改错1Madame Curie, devoting to science, was a great woman._2After he heard the bad news, his face took on a worrying expression._3It worried the public was that Phelps should take drugs._4I became worried when

10、 I heard that he had attacked by an animal on the way home._5Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours they reach a decision._6The first time when I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big company._答案1devoting改为devoted2.worrying改为worried3It改为What4.attacked前加been5hours后加did6.

11、去掉when.语法填空The air we breathe is freely available, without _1_ we could not survive more than a few minutes. For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone needs it. Some people use the air to sustain them while _2_ (sit) around and feel sorry for themselves. _3_ breathe in the air an

12、d use the energy it provides to make _4_ magnificent life.Opportunity is in the same way; it is everywhere. It is so freely available that we take it _5_ granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success; it must _6_ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value. So many people are so _

13、7_ (anxiety) to “get in” on a “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work. Thats _8_ (possible). Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. _9_， it takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity. You must make use of it. Thats not up

14、to the opportunity; thats up to you. It doesnt matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but _10_ matters is what you do with it.答案1which2.sitting3.Others4.a5.for6.be seized7anxious8.impossible9.However10.what.短文改错As is known to all, drunk driving is strictly prohibited. Unluckily, I saw a traffic

15、accident on my way home on last night. A car hit a motorbike. The motorbike driver was bad hurt and sent to hospital. After a while, a traffic police man came. Under the help of the people who witnessed the accident, the police man found out a truth. The driver of the car was drinking and his car we

16、nt out of control. At last he was taken to the police station. All the people there think the car driver was to blame for this accident.Which is reported in the news reports, drunk driving should be treated more seriously. It often causes many people lose their lives, such as the accident that happe

17、ned in Hangzhou and Chengdu. It is high time that we prevent drunk driving.答案As is known to all, drunk driving is strictly prohibited. Unluckily, I saw a traffic accident on my way home last night. A car hit a motorbike. The motorbike driver was hurt and sent to hospital. After a while, a traffic po

18、lice man came. the help of the people who witnessed the accident, the police man found out truth. The driver of the car was and his car went out of control. At last he was taken to the police station. All the people there the car driver was to blame for this accident. is reported in the news reports

19、, drunk driving should be treated more seriously. It often causes many people lose their lives, such as the that happened in Hangzhou and Chengdu. It is high time that we 或 drunk driving.单元能力训练与技巧指导.阅读理解ABessie ColemanBorn in Texas, Coleman moved to Chicago to find a job, but she became interested i

20、n the stories she heard from pilots returning from World War .However, her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the US., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying.When she returned to Chicago, Coleman had difficulty finding jobs, so she chose to be a stunt

21、 (特技) pilot.She was the first black female pilot in the US.and was an inspiration to early pilots and to African Americans and Native Americans.Bessica RaicheBessica Raiche drove a car, shot guns and practiced medicine.Besides, she was an accomplished artist and musician.But on Oct.13, 1910, Raiche

22、became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself.Raiches aviation career (航空职业) was short, as she moved to Southern California to focus on her career in medicine, later becoming president of the Orange County Medical Association.Willa BrownWilla Brown was the first African

23、American woman to earn both a pilots license (1938) and a commercial license (1939)As a former schoolteacher and social worker, Brown set up the Coffey School of Aeronautics at Chicagos Harlem Airport, which later became the first governmentapproved aviation training school for African Americans.Peg

24、gy WhitsonAt 57, Peggy Whitson was the worlds oldest spacewoman.She has spent 500 days off Earth more than any other woman, and in 2008, she became the first female commander of the International Space Station (ISS)She made her eighth space walk on March 30, 2017 and she beat the current record for

25、women of 50 hours and 40 minutes of total spacewalking time.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四位女性飞行员。1Why did Bessie Coleman move to France?ATo acquire stunt skills.BTo find a wellpaid job.CTo take part in World War .DTo achieve her flying dream.解析：选D细节理解题。由第一段的“her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of fli

26、ght schools in the US., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying”可知，Bessie Coleman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。2Who made a contribution to aviation education?ABessie Coleman. BBessica Raiche.CWilla Brown. DPeggy Whitson.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，Willa Brown创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。3What can we kno

27、w about Peggy Whitson?AShe enjoyed her journey in space.BShe set some surprising records.CShe devoted herself to building the ISS.DShe set other black women an example.解析：选B推理判断题。由最后一段可知，宇航员Peggy Whitson创造了几项世界纪录。4Which of the following do the four share?AThey are outstanding women pilots.BThey suff

28、ered discrimination at work.CThey never received good education.DThey have shown great creativity.解析：选A推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。BKrubera Cave in the western Caucasus Mountains is the deepest kn

29、own cave in the world. An international team prepared to descend into Krubera. The team members hoped to be the first cavers to reach a depth of 2,000 meters, brought five tons of equipment and other necessities with them, and established camps at key locations along the route. They worked for up to

30、 20 hours each day.In the third week, progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump a cave passage filled with water that gives cavers few options. There are basically three techniques available: dive through it, empty it, or go around it. Gennadiy Samokhin dove to the bottom but was disappointed.

31、“No chance to get through，” he said. Searching for a way around the sump, Garcia Dils risked entering a waterfall of near freezing water and discovered that his dry suit had holes in it. “The water was so cold I lost the feeling in my fingers，” he said later. He, too, was unsuccessful.Finally, two t

32、eammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream. The team was exhilarated. The passage led to yet another sump at 1,840 meters. After a short test dive, Samokhin emerged, smiling. There was a promising passage, he reported. But it would have to wait. Aft

33、er nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.Four weeks later, a team of nine Ukrainian cavers led by Yuri Kasjan went back to Krubera. Following the path opened by the previous team, they reached the sump at 1,840 meters relat

34、ively quickly. After much searching, a pit (坑), later named the Millennium Pit, was discovered that allowed them to pass the 2,000 meter depth. More pits and passages led them to 2,080 meters, a spot they named Game Over. But the caving game is never over. Deeper caves will probably continue to be d

35、iscovered and call out to be explored.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。5Why did the team return to the surface after nearly four weeks?AThey were lacking in supplies.BThey had achieved their goal.CThey couldnt go through the sump.DThey gave their task to Yuri Kasjans team.解析：选A细节理解题。根

36、据第三段中的“After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。6What does the underlined word “exhilarated” probably mean?ACheerful. BPowerful.CConfused. DExhausted.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“two teammates found a way

37、 around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选A。7What is the text mainly about?AThe features of Krubera Cave.BFamous caves around the world.CA journey of exploring Krubera Cave.DThe importance of exploring Krubera Cave.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上

38、最深的洞穴库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选C。CWe have slow food, slow travel, even slow journalism.The slow food movement reminds us of the value of locally produced, seasonal foods, just as slow travel brings us back to local traditions we miss as we fly off in search of peak experiences.In a 24hour news era, slow jour

39、nalism avoids the demands of the breaking story, revisiting and reflecting on old news.In almost every area of life, we are turning towards a world, where time is not a luxury (奢侈品) but a resting place and slowness is almost a necessity.But that doesnt happen in schools.Courses are forced into short

40、 half terms.From the moment we go through school gates to the time we get out again a few short hours later, there must be activity, busyness and speed.Reflection is out.We dont give students the time they need to read and they turn to secondrate substitutes instead.Why read Plato when you can read

41、a book about Plato? The answer is that what Plato wrote is much more interesting, dramatic and enjoyable than any of the thousands of books that have been written about him.I once met a friend, a published poet.“Hows the poetry going？” I asked.“Its been a good week，” he replied.“I wrote three lines.

42、” Would we accept that rate of return from our students?Slow teaching means giving students time to read and think.How often do we demand immediate answers to our questions? Silence is more often uncomfortable than golden in the classroom.Slow teaching also means resisting the temptation (诱惑) to fin

43、ish every discussion and bring thinking to an end.Slow teaching encourages us to work for as long as the topic demands, Additionally, slow teaching means giving students time to explore the natural world and scientific concepts and time to go outside the curriculum and further explore it.语篇解读：本文是一篇议

44、论文。在其他行业，人们似乎已经接受了慢节奏的生活方式，但在教育领域，慢节奏的教学仍遥不可及。8What is suggested in the first paragraph?APeople find it a luxury to enjoy time.BBeing slow is becoming a movement.CSlowness is a recognized culture now.DIt is difficult for people to slow down.解析：选C推理判断题。结合第一段提到的慢饮食、慢旅行和慢新闻以及它们带来的好处可推知，慢节奏的活动已成为人们认可的一种

45、文化。9What can we know about students present situation?AThey live in a fastpaced world.BThey are more silent than active.CThey mainly focus on reflecting.DThey lack good reading materials.解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段的“there must be activity, busyness and speed.Reflection is out. We dont give students the time the

46、y need to read”，第三段的最后一句和最后一段可知，学校课程紧张，学生学习忙碌，甚至没有足够的时间思考、阅读、探索，即学生们处于一个快节奏的世界。10How can students benefit from slow teaching?AThey neednt have a long teaching period.BThey can bring an end to every discussion.CThey have enough time to think and learn.DThey neednt answer every question in class.解析：选C

47、细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知，通过慢教学，学生可以有足够的时间进行阅读、思考、探索和学习等。11What may be the best title for the text?AShould school curriculums be changed?BIts time for a slow teaching revolutionCThe way we read should be changedDIs a speeddriven world out of date?解析：选B标题归纳题。本文主要表达了作者的一种主张，即slow teaching：减慢教学速度，给学生充分阅读、

48、思考和探索的时间。DStephen Hawking Warns HumansMust Leave Earth SoonProfessor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.H

49、awking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world h

50、as seen.”Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years time and send people to Mars by 2025”According to the BBC, Professor

51、 Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space.

52、 Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)”Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is

53、 under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and d

54、ecimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we ar

55、e entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的

56、观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。12According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?ATo send people to Mars.BTo build a lunar base.CTo send astronauts to the Moon.DTo change the future of humanity.解析：选C细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。13The underline

57、d word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_”Aspeeded up BstoredCused up Dexplored解析：选C词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。14What is Hawkings attitude towards the Earths future?APessimistic. BConfused.CPositive. DIndifferent.解析：选A观点态度题。由文章中

58、反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。15The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that _.Athe Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious dangerBhumans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planetCa new and ambitious space program would excit

59、e young peopleDastronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。.阅读七选五Some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.Others cant imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.If you live alon

60、e, youre responsible for your own space.If you need your quiet space, youre guaranteed to have it._1_ And you can catch up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.However, theres no one around if you need a helping hand.If something gets broken, youll have to fix it y

61、ourself._2_ You dont have friends at home to invite you out and help you meet people.Theres no one at home to have a cup of tea with and talk about how your day was._3_ Sometimes when you get home, the cake your colleague gave you as a thankyou present is mysteriously gone.Whenever you want a relaxi

62、ng bath, theres no hot water left and someone wants to come in every five minutes.Its also rarely quiet.Someone always seems to have a birthday party when you want to go to bed early.But in spite of all that, there can be some wonderful moments, like waking up to the sound of the hoover (吸尘器)_4_ And

63、 when you come home after a long day, you find your housemates making pizza with leftover vegetables while you watch a film._5_So, whats your choice?AYou can be alone quite a lot.BThats when it all seems worth it.CYou dont have to share the sofa with anyone.DLiving alone has become more popular in r

64、ecent years.EIts not all good when you live with other people, though.FYou will realize how important your friends and family are.GYou will realize someone else is doing the cleaning for a change.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独自生活以及与别人合住的优缺点。1选C本空承接上文，是对上一句“If you need your quiet space, youre guaranteed to have it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。2选A本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。3选E根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。4选G本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。5选B本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。