2022高考英语(北师大版)大一轮复习高考提能练(十九)选修7 UNIT 19 LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.doc
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1、高考提能练(十九)选修7Unit 19Language第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A (2021陕西省百校联盟第一次模拟)San Francisco is quickly becoming one of the most visited cities in the US.“The City by the Bay” packs a lot of mustsee spots.Bathe in the sun at Dolores ParkSan Francisco is know
2、n for its fog but certain areas of the city receive a surprising amount of sunshine,especially in fall.If you catch the city on a sunny day,head to Dolores Park in the Mission.It can get a bit crowded on the weekends,but if you can push in on a piece of grass,buy a cup of ice cream from nearby BiRit
3、e Creamery and enjoy yourself.See the Mission murals(壁画)Although San Francisco has plenty of museums,you dont need to pay the entrance fee to enjoy some art.The Mission neighborhood has plenty of street art and murals that reflect the culture and history of the place.My personal favorite is the mura
4、l on the Womens Building.Dont miss it!Visit HaightAshburyAnother important part of San Franciscos identity is its hippie(嬉皮士) culture.During the 1960s and 1970s,HaightAshbury was home to some famous singers.Now the neighborhood is full of hippie memories and street art honoring the anniversary of 19
5、67s Summer of Love.Eat Italian food at North BeachTraditional Italian food may not be the first cuisine(菜肴)that comes to mind when thinking of San Francisco,but you may leave the city daydreaming about it.North Beach is the Italian neighborhood and youll find plenty of delicious fresh Italian food t
6、o fill your stomach.语篇解读:文章介绍了“海湾之城”旧金山的几处游客必看的景点。1When is San Francisco most sunny?AIn spring.BIn summer.CIn autumn.DIn winter.C考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“San Francisco is known for.amount of sunshine,especially in fall”可知,旧金山以大雾闻名,但城市的某些地区却能接收到惊人数量的阳光,尤其是在秋天。由此可知,C项符合题意。2What can we know about the Mission mu
7、rals?AThere are many murals on the streets.BThere are few murals in the museums.CThey are about the future life.DThey are the best murals in the world.A考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“The Mission neighborhood has plenty of street art and murals that reflect the culture and history of the place”可知,Mission城区有大量的街头艺术和
8、壁画,反映了该区的文化和历史。故选A。3Where may music lovers choose to go?ANorth Beach.BHaightAshbury.CDolores Park.DMission neighborhood.B考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“During the 1960s and 1970s,HaightAshbury was home to some famous singers”可知,爱好音乐的人可能会选择去HaightAshbury。故选B。B (2021昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)Maitreyi Ramakrishnan,17,remembers
9、 the question that took her from the life of a regular high school student to the center of Hollywood.“Why not me?” she asked herself when she saw an open casting call for Mindy Kalings comingofage comedy series Never Have I Ever.It was a good question,and coincidentally,also the name of Kalings 201
10、5 biography.Despite having no professional acting experience,Ramakrishnan got the job.The young actress plays a character named Devi whose life story is inspired by Kalings own.Ramakrishnan credits her best friend for helping her stay confident throughout the audition(试演) process.She filmed an audit
11、ion video and submitted it.About one month later,she got a phone call from Kaling and screenwriter Lang Fisher.“They told me that I got the role,” Ramakrishnan said.“I was in complete shock.I just kept saying,My life is completely going to change.”As a woman of color starring in a Netflix series,Ram
12、akrishnan was honored as a Groundbreaker for International Day of the Girl in 2019.Her personal role models,including her high school drama teacher as well as various women in Hollywood,have played a big role in creating her world view.“My high school drama teacher is always pushing me to try new th
13、ings,” the teen said.“She encouraged me to try out for plays and take risks,which now Im known for.”The surreal experience taught her a life lesson that she thinks applies to anyone.When asked how she hopes her role will influence others,she replied,“I hope it passes this onthe why not me? Why cant
14、I just go out and do what makes me happy?Do what makes me feel great and confident?”Clearly,its working.语篇解读:普通的高中生麦特里伊拉玛克里斯南尽管没有专业的表演经验,但因为“为什么不是我?”这个巧合的问题而被敏迪卡灵(Mindy Kaling)的成长喜剧系列招为演员。4What made Ramakrishnan successfully get the job?AHer acting experience.BInfluence of her friend.CHer lasting co
15、nfidence.DInspiration from Kaling.C考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容,尤其是第三句“Ramakrishnan credits her best friend for helping her stay confident throughout the audition(试演) process”及第六句“They told me that I got the role,Ramakrishnan said”可知,麦特里伊拉玛克里斯南在试演时的自信使她被录用。故选C。5How does Ramakrishnan sound towards her drama teach
16、er?AFaithful.BGrateful.CAnnoyed.DConcerned.B考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Her personal role models,including her high school drama teacher.She encouraged me to try out for plays and take risks,which now Im known for.”可知,她的高中戏剧老师是她的个人榜样,总是督促她去尝试新事物并且鼓励她尝试戏剧和冒险,而且现在她以这一点而闻名,进而可推断出她对她的高中戏剧老师怀有感激之情。所以选B。6What does the
17、 underlined word “surreal” in Paragraph 4 mean?AOrdinary.BFantastic.CDisturbing.DEntertaining.B考查词义猜测。分析句子结构可知,这种经历是上文提到的经历。根据第一段的内容可知麦特里伊拉玛克里斯南被录用有巧合的因素,所以,她的这种经历是“不可思议的、奇异的”,故画线词与B项词义相近。7What does the text mainly talk about?AA comedy named Never Have I Ever.BA girl starring in a new Netflix show.C
18、A phone call that makes a superstar.DA question that changes a girls life.D考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍了普通的高中生麦特里伊拉玛克里斯南尽管没有专业的表演经验,但因为“为什么不是我?”这个巧合的问题而被敏迪卡灵(Mindy Kaling)的成长喜剧系列招为演员的故事。故选D。C(2021山西省八校高三第一次联考)Its common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies(预期寿命) than others,but the city you
19、live in can also affect your health.Some cities are hard on their citizens.In places with poor city planningLagos was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unitpublic spaces are few and far between,making outdoor activities hard.Lack of infrastructure(基础设施) jams the streets with cars and
20、 the air with pollutants,and people work long hours for little money.These are just some of the factors concluded by Spotahome,a rental agency.Theyve analyzed data from a range of sources,including the World Health Organization,TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health,gym
21、availability and quality,life expectancy,obesity(肥胖),green space and other elements to work out a list of the worlds healthiest cities.The list is certainly Eurocentric but continuous sunshine is seen as a positive thing,even if it may be more of a disadvantage in other regions.But it does go some w
22、ay towards suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their inhabitants.It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe,known for its peoplefirst approach to city planning.Australia and Canada also do wellbut Alaska,the first
23、 US.city is only in 34th place.The UK.doesnt fare too well eitherits only city in the top 50 list is London,in 40th.Whether youre planning a wholesome holiday,or simply wondering what your city can do better,this list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought.Here are the attractiv
24、e,healthyeating,cleanaired cities that are getting it right.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。是关于世界上最健康的城市的介绍。8Why are some cities difficult to live in according to the text?AThe air is heavily polluted.BThere is no city planning.COutdoor activities arent available.DPublic places are limited.D考查细节理解。本题问的是为什么有一些城市不适合居住。
25、根据第二段中的“public spaces are few and far between”可知,公共用地有限是其中一个原因,故选D。9How did Spotahome list the worlds healthiest cities?ABy figuring out the citys green area.BBy gaining information via various people.CBy analyzing different aspects of the cities.DBy selecting those with the highest life expectancy.
26、C考查推理判断。本题问的是Spotahome是如何选拔世界最健康城市的。根据第三段的内容可知,他们分析了来自各种渠道的数据,然后给每一个城市打分,根据健康、体育馆的设备和使用质量、预期寿命、肥胖、绿地空间和其他一些因素来作出最健康的城市名单。故选C项。10What does the list aim to help people do?AForm healthy eating habits.BChoose a right place for a holiday.CBecome aware of attractiveness of cities.DReflect the future of th
27、e city planning.B考查推理判断。本题问的是这个最健康城市名单的作用是什么。全文最后一段第一句话提到,不管你是正在计划度假,还是仅仅想弄明白你的城市能够更好地做些什么,这份50个最健康城市的名单,将会帮助你去思考。故选B项。11Where is this text most likely from?AA diary.BA guidebook.CA novel.DA magazine.D考查文章出处。通读全文可知本文有关全世界最健康的城市,应该摘自一本杂志,而非日记、指南手册和小说。故选D。D(2021东北三省四市高考模拟一)Living with your parents has
28、 its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kidstheir grandkids.Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren.That is,unless the grandmas too old or lives too far away.Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which th
29、ey stop having babies.Patrick Bergeron,professor of biology at Bishops University in Quebec,said that most of the organisms will reproduce up to their very last moment.This increase is often explained by the socalled “grandmother effect”He thinks there could still be a benefit for women who stop hav
30、ing babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their daughters to raise larger families.To explore the “grandmother effect”hypothesis(假设),Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years worth of FrenchCanadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries.“At the time,life was
31、 tough.In some years,a third of the kids were not even making it to one year of age.”But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus.“Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved.”Thi
32、s beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs(女家长) lived nearby.That role is tougher to fulfill as they get older in poor health,which brings us to the second study.The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age.Once the Grandma hit 7
33、5,the grandchild survival benefit disappeared.This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition,though,rather than wickedness(邪恶) on the part of coresident grandmothers.So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild.If “over the river and through the woods to gran
34、dmothers house” isnt too long a trip.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,有外祖母在身边是有好处的。但其好处取决于她的年龄,一旦她到了75岁,外孙的生存优势就消失了。12Whats the second paragraph mainly about?ADifferences between animals and human beings.BDisadvantages of living with grandmothers.CGrandmothers influence on the kids.DWhats called the “grandmother
35、effect”D考查段落大意。通读第二段可知,该段第三句“This increase is often explained by the socalled grandmother effect”为主题句;结合全段内容可知,该段主要介绍了什么是“外祖母效应”,故D项正确。13How does the writer describe the situation of the FrenchCanadian population more than three hundred years ago?ABy voicing opinions.BBy providing facts.CBy giving e
36、xamples.DBy telling stories.B考查写作手法。根据第三段内容可知,作者提供了有关十七世纪和十八世纪法裔加拿大人的人口记录的研究情况那时的生活很艰难,在一些年份,三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一岁。但外祖母还健在的家庭其人口增加了两个,这些外孙活到15岁的概率也大大提高。据此可知,作者是通过陈述事实来描述法裔加拿大人的人口情况的,故B项正确。14What can we infer from the second study?ASociety should be concerned about the old women.BGrandmothers over 75 years
37、old are unwilling to help.C.Some grandmothers may occupy kids relative resources.D.Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old.C考查推理判断。根据第四段最后两句“Once the Grandma hit 75.on the part of coresident grandmothers”可知,外祖母一旦到了75岁,其外孙的生存优势就消失了;几乎可以肯定的是,这是由于某种形式的间接资源竞争,而不是共同居住的外祖母的恶意。据此可以推断,年龄较大的外
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