2019年高考英语一轮优练题Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修5.doc

1、Unit 1 Great Scientists李仕才一、阅读理解Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from Americas PresidentsBy David Stabler ISBN 9780062358684 Type: Historical nonfictionIn the 20 stories of 20 different U.S. presidents in this book, we learn that our countrys leaders are not so different from us. They, too, w

2、ere once kids with ordinary problems. They struggled with schoolwork and angered their parents. Dwight Eisenhower dealt with bullies. Bill Clinton struggled with his weight. Barack Obama moved to Indonesia with his mother when he was just a boy, and had to get used to a new culture.Has Anyone Seen J

3、essica Jenkins?By Liz Kessler ISBN 9781444013986 Type: FantasyJessica Jenkins always thought she was a regular kid. Then, one day, she gets the surprise of a lifetimeshe can become invisible! With the help of her best friend, Izzy, Jessica goes on a trip to discover the source of her new power. Alon

4、g the way, she gets caught up in shocking secrets, kidnappings, rescue plans, and a mission to keep this amazing power out of the wrong hands.Spring GardenBy Fred Chappell ISBN 9780807119488 Type: PoetrySpring Garden is a collection of poems for spring, including classics by Thomas Nashe, William Sh

5、akespeare etc. and contemporary poems by Denis Dunn, Ruth Hill etc. It consists of 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines to several hundred.Absolutely TrulyBy Heather Vogel Frederick ISBN 9781442429727 Type: MysteryTwelve-year-old Truly is moved to Pumpkin Falls, New Hampshire, after her

6、 father suffers a terrible helicopter accident. The six-foot-tall Truly struggles to fit into her new surroundings. Then, one day, she uncovers a mysterious letter in a book at her Aunt Trues bookstore. And thats when the adventure begins. Truly leads her new friends Cha Cha, Romeo, and Lucas on a h

7、unt to uncover the secrets of the small town. Absolutely Truly will appeal to anyone who enjoys mystery books with a bit of sadness and a feel-good ending.1.Who wrote the story about a girl with superpower?A. Heather Vogel FrederickB. David StablerC. Liz KesslerD. Fred Chappell2.The ISBN for the boo

8、k of poems is _.A.9781442429727B.9780807119488C.9781444013986D.97800623586843.What kind of readers will probably like reading Absolutely Truly?A. Those who are fans of history.B. Those who like realistic stories.C. Those who are searching for a romantic plot.D. Those who enjoy a mixture of mystery,

9、sorrow and happiness.4.Which of the following books tells real stories?A. Absolutely TrulyB. Spring GardenC. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins?D.Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from Americas Presidents【文章大意】本文介绍了四本不同类型的书。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二部分内容可知，该书描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，该书作者是Liz Kessler，故选C项。2.B 【解析】细

10、节理解题。由文章第三部分内容“ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry”可知，该书类型是诗歌，其书号是9780807119488，故选B项。4.D 【解析】细节理解题。结合文章对各本书的简介可知，Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from Americas Presidents讲述的是美国几位总统的真实故事，故选D项。二、单句语法填空1Children, when (expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more eas

11、ily.答案：exposed2When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, (absorb) in conversation.答案：absorbed3Neither I nor Jane and Mary (be) happy about having one examination after another. We really dont want to go to school.答案：are4Always read the (instruct) on the bottle careful

12、ly and take the right amount of medicine.答案：instructions5(2016四川卷)Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives the poor.答案：to6I drew a (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.答案：conclusion7The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accid

13、ent and it was the driver of lorry that should be (blame) for it.答案：to blame8The underground is under (construct) here at present and will be completed next year.答案：construction9(全国卷)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put ， well make do with it.答案：forward10As nobody here kn

14、ows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem.答案：to handle三、完形填空。I am a social worker.I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago.I met him many years ago while doing my internship(实习期)in the country prison.He was _1_ a

15、 program he had designed to help prisoners with drug and alcohol problems.He was always _2_ new ways to bring hope and help to these men and their _3_.One of his favorite _4_ was the Toy Drive.He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners.He did this for twenty years _5_ his sudden

16、death.As last Christmas _6_，I decided that this tradition had to be _7_，for the children as well as the _8_ of my friend.But the file where he kept the names of the people who had been helped by him over the years was _9_.I had to start anew(重新) and with very little _10_！I started making phone calls

17、，explaining about the project and my _11_.I prayed every night that the event would，_12_，be worthy of my friend.To my great _13_，individuals，churches and businesses began to come on board and，_14_，I had enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the local commun

18、ity _15_！When Christmas Eve finally arrived，I felt very happy，thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a(n) _16_ it had been for me.I was bagging up the remaining toys _17_ if there was anyone left who might like them.Then my phone rang.It was my daughter.She _18_ to explain about a

19、 woman she knew in Kentucky who had five children，one seriously ill，no husband，no heating in the home，no toys！Oh！How could we not?My daughter and I drove all night，from New York to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of _19_！My friends _20_ of kindness lived on that

20、 year，reaching all the way to Kentucky!1A.recording BattendingCdirecting Dimproving2A.putting up with Bcoming up withCkeeping up with Dcatching up with3A.group BfamilyCcompany Dclub4A.events BsportsChobbies Dgames 5A.after BsinceCbecause Duntil6A.arrived BfollowedCapproached Dfinished7A.carried out

21、Blived onCcarried on Dlived out8A.benefit BmemoryCpleasure Dfavor9A.active BextraChiding Dmissing10A.time BpressureCenergy Dconfidence11A.difficulties BimpressionCimportance Datmosphere12A.otherwise BhoweverCsomehow Dthough13A.curiosity BdisappointmentCrelief Dthought14A.eventually BoccasionallyCabs

22、olutely Dgenerally15A.in particular Bas wellConce more Dat first16A.honor BpityCburden Ddiscovery17A.predicting BwonderingCevaluating Drealizing18A.drove BcameCreturned Dcalled19A.chocolates BcandiesCtoys Dflowers20A.spirit BpositionCcourage Dattention【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者多年前在实习期间被朋友帮助他人的精神所感动，而在朋友逝世后继续朋友

23、的活动以使朋友的精神得以延续的感人故事。【核心词汇】file n文件箱，文件夹reflect v反射，仔细思考remaining adj.剩余的，留下的1C根据下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners”，并与空后的“program”呼应可推知，作者的朋友当时负责这样的一个项目。record“记录，记载”；attend“参加，出席，到场”；improve“提升”；direct“负责，管理”。2B根据语境可知，此处表示想出办法。put up with“忍受”；come up with“想出”；keep up

24、 with“跟上”；catch up with“赶上”。3B根据下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners”可推知，作者的朋友不仅帮助那些服刑的人，而且还帮助他们的家人。4A根据下文的“I started making phone calls, explaining about the project”可推知，此处作者介绍了朋友最喜欢做的活动项目，与下文的“I prayed every night that the event would，_12_，be worthy of my friend”呼应。ev

25、ent“事件，活动”。5D根据语境可推知，作者的朋友坚持了20年，一直做这样的活动，直到最后自己突然离逝。6C根据语境可知，朋友去世后，在上一个圣诞节来临之际，作者准备把这个圣诞传统继续下去，且与下文的“When Christmas Eve finally arrived”呼应。approach“临近”。7C参见上题解析。carry out“实行”；live on“以为生”；carry on“继续”；live out“不住在工作场所，实现某事(指曾计划或期望的事)”。8B上一个圣诞节来临之际，为了孩子们，也为了朋友的善意行为，作者决定延续这一传统。benefit“好处，益处”；memory“记

26、忆”；pleasure“乐趣”；favor“善意的行为”。9D根据下文的“I had to start anew(重新)and with very little _10_”可推知，之前朋友所帮助过的人的信息都丢失了，作者不得不重新获取。extra“额外的，另外的”；missing“找不到的，丢失的”。10A根据上文的“As last Christmas _6_，I decided that this tradition had to be _7_，for the children as well as the _8_ of my friend”可知，圣诞节马上来临了，作者找到朋友帮助过的人的信

27、息的时间并不多。pressure“压力”；energy“能量”；confidence“信心”。11A在时间紧、文件丢失的情况下，作者要继续朋友生前的活动是困难的。impression“印象”；atmosphere“气氛”。12C根据语境可推知，作者每晚祈祷，这样的活动能以某种方式配得上朋友。otherwise“否则，要不然”；somehow“以某种方式”。13C根据下文的“individuals，churches and businesses began to come on board”可推知，大家都来帮忙，因此作者很宽慰。curiosity“好奇心”；disappointment“失望”；

28、relief“宽慰”。14A根据下文的“I had enough toys”可推知，作者在大家的帮助下，最终收集到了活动所需要的足够多的玩具。eventually“最终”；occasionally“偶尔，偶然，间或”；absolutely“完全地，绝对地”；generally“总体上来说，大致”。15B根据上文的“with some left over for the local community”可推知，作者收集到的玩具不仅够活动本身用，还有剩余。in particular“尤其，特别”；as well“也”；once more“再一次”；at first“开始”。16A根据上文的“I f

29、elt very happy”可推知，作者成功地举办了圣诞节活动，感觉能够为逝去的朋友做些值得的事是很大的荣幸。honor“荣誉，荣幸”；pity“可惜”；burden“负担”；discovery“发现”。17B根据上文的“I was bagging up the remaining toys”，并与本句中的if条件句呼应可推知，作者想知道是否有人喜欢剩余的玩具。predict“预计”；wonder“想知道”；evaluate“评估”；realize“实现，意识到”。18D根据上文的“Then my phone rang”和“It was my daughter”可知，是作者的女儿打来了电话。

30、19C根据语境可推知，作者和女儿一路驱车去很远的地方给孩子们送圣诞节玩具。20A根据上文可知，作者的朋友已经逝世，作者通过把其生前的活动继续下去，让这种仁慈的精神继续存活。spirit“精神”。四、单句改错1It doesnt make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want. 答案：去掉a2They are going to have some trees plant this weekend. 答案：plantplanted3Only if you return them on time I lend you some

31、 books. 答案：在I 前加will4He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin. 答案：去掉for5The teacher cured him for his bad habits and he made great progress in English. 答案：forof五、单元语法过去分词作定语和表语1(2018河北邯郸一模)Even today the books (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and bo

32、ok collectors.答案：printed2(2018宁夏银川一中一模)Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry (write) in classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms.答案：written3The workers (expose) to the radiation are likely to develop diseases.答案：exposed4The player got (injure) in the last match, so he couldnt compete in the final.答案：injured5He looked (worry) after reading the letter because his mother was suddenly ill.答案：worried