2019-2020学年高中英语新教材译林版必修1单元综合检测4 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家单元综合检测(四).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分；满分30分)ASome people dont mind being fat.Other people can keep slim without any effort.But a lot of people do put on too much weight and dont like it.The question is：what can they do about it？Some believe exercise can be helpful.But the trouble is that it onl

2、y makes you want to eat more.You might sweat off(因出汗而减轻)a couple of pounds by playing tennis or climbing the mountain，but you put it all back on again with a big steak or bread and jam.A helpful way is foodchoosing.But what sort of food should you choose？Some believe that the less they eat，the slimm

3、er they will be.They dont eat anything until they become weak with hunger.Some stick to milk and bananas.Youll find you need a lot of bananas，and unless you live where they grow，they arent cheap.Another theory says that if you eat things like hardboiled eggs，apples with their skins on，and lean meat

4、which are hard for your stomach to digest，the more you eat，the thinner you get.This is because you use up the fat in your body to get the energy to digest the food.For most of us these methods are too extreme(极端的)The simplest way is just to cut down on the carbohydrates；that means not eating bread，p

5、otatoes，cakes，sugar，rice，and so on and eating anything else you like.Its straightforward and often quite effective.Still others like to be more scientific.They are calorie counters.They get a table which tells them that，for example，100 grams of roast leg of lamb gives you 330 calories and a 50gram h

6、elping(一份食物)of Yorkshire pudding gives you 130 calories.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了各种不同的减肥方法。1There seems nothing wrong with exercise EXCEPT that Ait makes you sweatBits hard workCit tires you outDit makes you eat moreD细节理解题。由第一段第六句“But the trouble is that it only makes you want to eat more.”可知，应选D项。2The practic

7、al method suggested in this passage means Asticking to bananasBnot eating many carbohydratesCeating things that are hard to digestDeating as little as possibleB细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知，B项是正确的。3A calorie is a unit of Aweight BpowerCelectricity DheatD推理判断题。从最后一段可以推断出calorie是热量单位。4Which of the following do you

8、think is the best title of the passage?AVarious Ways Of Losing WeightBDont Eat Too MuchCWays To Keep FitDFood And HealthA标题归纳题。综观全文可知文章主要介绍的是各种不同的减肥方法，故答案为A。BEven though one out of three American children live within a mile of their school，almost not half of those students often bike or walk to clas

9、s，scientists report.Children who live in the South，in country areas，or who have collegeeducated parents，are among those least likely to bike or walk to school，notes the report，which is published in the July issue(期号)of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.Sarah Martin and her workmates at the

10、 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)studied materials from more than 7，000 children between 9 and 15 years of age.They found that almost 35 percent of the children lived within one mile of their schools.Children between 11 and 13 years old were more likely to walk or bike than 9yearol

11、ds.Children whose parents had a high school education were more likely to bike or walk than children with collegeeducated parents.“The majority of children are missing an opportunity to increase daily physical activity，”Martin said in a prepared statement.According to the CDC，nearly one in five(18.8

12、 percent)children between 6 and 11 years old are overweight.Increased daily physical activity is one of the methods the CDC gives to help deal with obesity(肥胖)in children.Martin said that there are all kinds of reasons why children in city areas might be more likely to bike or walk.They said the fac

13、t is that schools may be in mixeduse neighbourhoods where it is more possible to bike or walk，compared with other places where there may be fewer safe sidewalks.【语篇解读】 导致现在学生肥胖的原因之一是运动量过小。即使在那些家距离学校一英里之内的学生当中，也只有不到一半的学生走路或骑自行车去上学。5Sarah Martin and her workmates found that Ayounger children would lik

14、e to bike or walk to schoolBolder children are much stronger than the younger childrenCkids whose parents received less education walk moreDsome children are becoming much lazier than othersC细节理解题。由第四段的最后一句可得出，父母接受教育程度越低，走路或骑自行车上学的孩子越多。6According to the CDC，many children are overweight because they

15、Aeat too much every dayBhave unhealthy mealsCare too busy to travelDtake less physical activitiesD细节理解题。由第六段的最后一句可知，孩子们肥胖的真正的原因是运动太少，增加体育运动是减肥的方式之一。7From the passage，we can infer that Achildren should receive a better educationBsome children dont bike or walk because there are fewer safe sidewalksCi

16、t is unnecessary for children to walk to schoolDchildren in country areas have more chance to bike or walk than those in citiesB推理判断题。由最后一段可知，城区的孩子更有可能走着或骑自行车去上学的前提之一是有安全的人行道。8What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from?AEducation. BCulture.CSports. DHealth.D文章出处题。整篇文章的中心议题是造成孩子们肥胖的原因

17、，故应该属于Health(健康栏目)。CModern humans have a hard time controlling their desire to eat.Often you eat not because you are hungry，but because you are affected by many other things.How much you eat is strongly affected by how much those around you eat.People eating alone eat least.People eating with one ot

18、her person eat 35 percent more than they do at home.People dining in a party of four eat 75 percent more.Eating with overweight friends？Youll eat more.Is your waitress overweight？Youll eat more.Wide variety of food？Youll eat more.Plates can decide how sweet dessert tastes.If people ate it off a pape

19、r plate，theyd say，“This is good.”If they ate it off a fancy silver plate，they would say，“This is the greatest cake Ive eaten in my entire life.”Your knowledge about what makes food good or bad also affects how much you eat.You tend to eat more when you think the food is good，and less when you think

20、it is bad.So Grandmas cookies always taste better than other cookies.“Good food”even has a“health halo(光环)effect”If were eating something healthy，we feel that everything in that meal is healthy.Due to this，people often believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calories(卡路里)than the cheese ca

21、ke alone.Thats perhaps also why eating organic(有机的)food might turn you into an annoying guy.Your brain may use anything that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour.Food and hunger affect your judgment too.Hungry judges give more serious sentences.Kids who dont e

22、at breakfasts behave worse than kids who eat their breakfasts.People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主要介绍几个影响人们饮食的因素。9What is mentioned as a cause of overeating?ASuffering from grea

23、t loneliness.BBeing served by a helpful waitress.CBeing treated to high quality food.DEating with many friends.D推理判断题。 根据第一段第五、六两句“People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home.People dining in a party of four eat 75 percent more.”可确定答案。10According to the passage，an an

24、noying person may be one who Afinds any excuse for eating moreBis crazy about the quality of platesCcompetes with others in making cookiesDteaches people to stick to moralityA推理判断题。 根据第三段最后两句“Thats perhaps also why eating organic(有机的)food might turn you into an annoying guy.Your brain may use anythi

25、ng that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour.”可确定答案。11According to the passage，people are more likely to make a bad judgment when Athey dont feel hungryBthey arent overweightCthey have low blood sugarDthey know little about foodC推理判断题。 根据最后一段最后一句“People who ha

26、ve low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.”可知。12What would be the best title for the passage?AWhen Cant We Go on a Diet?BWhat Affects Eating?CHow to Make Good FoodDWhere to Find Safe FoodB标题归纳题。 根据第一段第二句“Often y

27、ou eat not because you are hungry，but because you are affected by many other things.”以及下文每一段的第一句可知，本文主要介绍几个影响我们饮食的因素，故B项符合题意。DAre you nervous about your first day at senior high school? Or have you already started，and made a mess of your first day? What should you do to make yourself feel comfortabl

28、e and confident? Then this article is for you. Make new friends.If you are very shy，hang out with your friends from middle school，and become friends with the friends they make.If you dont know anyone，talk to the people in your class.Join in some activities.That is a great way to meet new people that

29、 have similar interests and backgrounds as you. Have correct postureStand or sit up straight in lessons，and walk with purpose.Hallways can get crowded，but keep your head up and youll be fine.Dont just walk with your head down listening to music. Learn well.Keep your grades up，and dont be afraid to a

30、sk or answer questions in class.This is the most important part of the whole article.You are in school for your education，not mainly to socialize.This doesnt mean you cant make friends or have a good time，but youll regret skipping classes(逃课)to hang out with friends if you fail.Dont worry that peopl

31、e will see you as “uncool”On the contrary，if you do well in class，most people will respect it，and those who wont arent worth caring about. Keep your appearance.If you want，get a new haircut.If you have a uniform，make sure you always look smart in it. Stay healthy. This，like education，is very importa

32、nt.Eat healthily and drink lots of water.Its attractive to eat fries all the time，but go for a salad or sandwich once in a while.Or better yet，pack your own healthy lunch. 【语篇解读】 文章为高一新生提供了一些有助于他们适应高中生活的方法。13Whats the main idea of the passage? AHow to adapt to the Senior High school.BWays to make ne

33、w friends. CMethods of staying healthy. DFollow the tips for learning well. A主旨大意题。通读文章， 尤其是第一段， 可以知道本文主要是教高一新生如何适应高中生活。14Can you guess the meaning of the underlined word “posture” in Para. 3? APeriod. BInstruction.CPose. DInformation.C词义猜测题。由第三段整段的意思看， posture的意思为姿势， 所以选C项。15Which one is NOT mentio

34、ned in the passage? AMake sure you always look good in uniform. BKeep healthy diet and eat less fries. CCommunicate with your teachers. DJoin in school activities and make more new friends. C细节理解题。从每一段的第一句可以看出C项没有被提到。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Improve Your Productivity(生产效率)Researchers have found that

35、most of our tiredness comes from our mental attitudes(心态)One of Englands doctors，J.A.Hadfield，says，“ 16 In fact，tiredness of completely physical origin(缘由)is unusual.”So，rememberthe key to improved productivity is learning to relax.Here are some suggestions for you.Relax from time to time 17 It is s

36、aid that if you want to master the art of relaxation，study the cat.Think about it.Have you ever seen a tired cat，or a cat with a nervous breakdown？You will probably avoid this kind of feeling if you learn to relax as the cat does. 18 Remember that tensions(紧张状态)on the body produce aching shoulders a

37、nd nervous feelings.Variety(多样化)and movements keep you physically and mentally alive.The most interesting task can get boring if done for long periods of time，and the most comfortable chair isnt comfortable if the worker must sit in it for hours.Think at the end of the day 19 And if you are tired，is

38、 it because of the mental work youve done，or the way you have done it？Generally，if you feel extremely(极其)tired at the end of the day，its quite likely been an inefficient(效率低的)day. 20 Then you can work with a new attitude the next day.AThink of a cat.BWork less hard.CWork in a comfortable position.DT

39、his will help you form the habit of relaxing.EMake notes of what changes you need to make.FAsk yourself how tired you are at the end of the day.GThe greater part of tiredness comes from mental attitudes.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。我们需要有科学的学习方法才能提高学习效率，本文针对如何提高学习效率给出了三条建议并进行了解释说明。三条建议分别是：时不时的放松，在舒适的环境里工作学习，每天晚上睡觉前

40、思考(总结或计划)。16G 前文已经提到疲倦来自心态，后文讲到来自身体的疲倦不正常。据此可推知，此处应该表达的是疲倦的来源，故G项正确。17A 后文讲到了人若想放松自己，首先要研究猫是如何放松的，据此可推知，此处应该是总领句，故A项正确。18C本段讲述了紧张状态的危害，据此可以推断，该段标题应该是工作学习环境要舒适，不能徒增不必要的紧张。故C项正确。19F 后文分析了造成疲劳的原因以及晚间感觉非常疲劳代表了低效率的一天，据此可知，此处要表达的是晚上睡觉前需要总结一下，故F项正确。20E 根据后文所讲的第二天要有一个新的态度去学习，可以推测，此处应表达为先梳理一下需要改变的地方，以利于第二天的学

41、习，故E项正确。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)A terrible fever made Annie Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood，and the doctors said she was a hopeless mad girl.She had been 21 in the basement of a mental hospital(精神病医院)in Boston.Sometimes，little Annie 22 hit anyone who came near to her.She ignored

42、 everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.However，an old nurse 23 that little Annie had hope.She went to 24 little Annie every day.The child ignored her in most cases，but the old nurse 25 stopped seeing her every day in the basement.The 26 lady left cookies for little Annie and spoke w

43、ords full of encouragement to her.She believed that as long as she showed 27 ，little Annie could get better.Finally，the doctors noticed the 28 in little Annie.They moved her upstairs and her condition continued 29 Then her last day there came，and the child who seemed to be “ 30 ” went out of the loc

44、ked door of the mental hospital.After she grew up，Annie Sullivan hoped to 31 others，just as the kind old nurse helped her.She became the 32 of Helen Keller.She 33 her，trained her strictly and worked with her 34 she lit the candle that brought 35 to the whole world.Annie Sullivan 36 a miracle(奇迹)in t

45、he life of Helen Keller.But first it was a kind nurse who had full 37 in little Annie that turned a(n) 38 child into a great teacher.If there had been no Annie Sullivan，the name of Helen Keller would not be 39 But if there hadnt been a 40 who kept showing love，Annie Sullivan wouldnt be known to the

46、world，either.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了海伦凯勒的启蒙老师安妮沙利文在一名护士的关爱下所发生的改变。21A.hidden BreceivedClocked DfoundC根据下文的“went out of the locked door of the mental hospital”可知，安妮“被关在(locked)”精神病医院的地下室里。22A.angrily BproudlyCwarmly DsecretlyA根据上文的“a hopeless mad girl”可知，疯女孩安妮有时候会“生气地(angrily)”打靠近她的人。23A.praised Bdoubted

47、Cbelieved DrememberedC根据下文内容可知，老护士“相信(believed)”安妮是有希望的。24A.treat BseeCpromise DmissB根据下文的“seeing her every day”可知。25A.still BalreadyCever DneverD根据but一词的转折可知，尽管安妮大多数时候忽视老护士的存在，但老护士“从未(never)”停止每天来看望她。26A.hardworking BgoodlookingCopenminded DkindheartedD根据老护士对安妮所做的一切可知，她很“善良(kindhearted)”。27A.cheer

48、BloveCluck DhappinessB根据下文的“who kept showing love”可知，老护士给予安妮的是“爱(love)”。28A.worries BproblemsCchanges DneedsC根据第一段和本段的对比可知，在老护士的帮助下，安妮有了“变化(changes)”。29A.worsening BspreadingCincreasing DimprovingD根据“They moved her upstairs”和“went out of the locked door of the mental hospital”可知，安妮的状况持续地“改善(improvin

49、g)”。30A.active BhealthyChopeless DuselessC根据上文的“a hopeless mad girl”可知。31A.greet BhelpCsurprise DpleaseB根据下文的“as the kind old nurse helped her”可知。32A.classmate BteacherCneighbor DbossB根据下文的“little Annie.a great teacher”可知，安妮成为了海伦凯勒的“老师(teacher)”。33A.laughed at Bwaited forClooked at Dcared forD安妮“照顾(

50、cared for)”、培训海伦凯勒，并和她一起工作，“直到(until)”海伦凯勒点亮带给全世界“光明(light)”的蜡烛。此处的light指海伦凯勒所做出的贡献。34A.if BunlessCuntil DbecauseC见上题解析。35A.time BdreamClight DpowerC见33题解析。36A.created BsharedCstopped DexpectedA安妮沙利文“创造(created)”了海伦凯勒的生命奇迹。37A.control BshameCpity DconfidenceD根据上文的“an old nurse.that little Annie had

51、hope”可知，老护士对安妮充满了“信心(confidence)”。38A.stupid BlazyCfunny DunfriendlyD从安妮的变化可知，好心的老护士让安妮从一个“不友好的(unfriendly)”小孩变成了一名伟大的老师。39A.called BknownCleft DprotectedB根据下文的“be known”可知，如果不是安妮沙利文，海伦凯勒的名字不会“被知道(known)”。40A.doctor BpatientCnurse DworkerC帮助安妮改变的是一位“护士(nurse)”。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Jeff Bezos is

52、 the founder and CEO of A，which is one of the first companies 41. (sell)products on the Internet.Bezos was born 42. January 12th，1964 in New Mexico，the US.As a child，Bezos was very interested in 43. things worked.When he was in his teens，his family moved to Miami，44. he developed a love for computer

53、s.Bezos did 45. (good)in school and his class were proud of him.In high school，he started his first business，Dream Institute，46. educational summer camp for fourth，fifth and sixth grades.At the age of thirty，Jeff Bezos was a 47. (succeed)vicepresident(副总)of a company in New York.No one could underst

54、and him when he made the 48. (decide)to give up the job.Bezos drove across the country to Seattle and started an online bookstore 49. (call)A.Bezos had very little money and the company was very small at the beginning.However，business has been growing rapidly since it 50. (found)and now you can buy

55、anything from food to gold rings on A，one of the worlds largest online shopping centers.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了亚马逊网的创始人和首席执行官杰夫贝佐斯的人生经历。41to sell名词前有序数词修饰，后面要跟不定式作定语。42on具体日期前用介词on。43howhow表示“如何”，引导宾语从句。44where关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Miami, where在从句中作地点状语。45well空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用good的副词形式。46an“an educatio

56、nal summer camp for fourth，fifth and sixth grades”是Dream Institute的同位语，解释说明Dream Institute是一个什么样的夏令营，故用不定冠词an。47successful空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词，需用succeed的形容词形式。48decision空格中所填单词在句中作make的宾语，需用decide的名词形式。49calledcalled A是过去分词短语作后置定语，分词动作call与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。50was foundedsince后的状语从句应用一般过去时，it与found之间是被动关系，故此

57、处填was founded。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)A tenyearold boy entered into a coffee shop and sat at table.A waitress puts a glass of water in front of him.“How much is a chocolate ice cream？”“Fifty cents.”The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket and count the number of the coins.“How much are a dis

58、h of plain ice cream？”he asked.The waitress was a bit patient.“Thirtyfive cents，”he said rudely.The little boy counted the coins again.“Ill have the plain ice cream.” The boy finish the ice cream and paid the cashier.When the waitress came back，she was surprising at what she saw.There were fifteen c

59、ents besides the empty dish，her tips.答案A tenyearold boy entered into a coffee shop and sat at table.A waitress a glass of water in front of him.“How much is a chocolate ice cream？”“Fifty cents.”The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket and the number of the coins.“How much a dish of plain ice

60、 cream？”he asked.The waitress was a bit .“Thirtyfive cents，” said rudely.The little boy counted the coins again.“Ill have the plain ice cream.” The boy the ice cream and paid the cashier.When the waitress came back，she was at what she saw.There were fifteen cents the empty dish，her tips.书面表达(满分25分)肥

61、胖已经成为危害人们健康的严重问题，中小学生的肥胖趋势更为明显。你们班对此展开了讨论。根据不同的观点，写一篇100词左右的短文。观点原因支持肥胖危害健康，应该节食、锻炼、预防肥胖，已经超重的应该采取措施减肥。反对中学生处于长身体的时候，减肥会影响身体发育，也会影响学习，因此应该顺其自然。参考词汇：肥胖fatness 【参考范文】 Fatness is one of the serious problems which have a bad effect on our health.And at present the situation in the teenagers is even wors

62、e.As to this，a discussion was carried out in our class.Some students think fatness does harm to our health，so it is necessary to be on a diet and take suitable exercise to prevent it.Those who are overweight should take measures to lose weight to be healthy.But others have a different opinion.They say losing weight will be bad for the teenagers during their growth course，as well as their study.So there is no doubt to leave it as it is.- 15 - 版权所有高考资源网