2018高考英语必考点妙解专题 动词.doc

1、动词本类考题解答锦囊 1看句子结构。英语中每个句子都有谓语，且由动词来担任，所以不能没有谓语或把其他词看作动词用作谓语，也不能把动词看为其它词。 2时态。特别要注意动词的过去式，及过去分词的拼写。 3语态，英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态(takeplace， happen，Occur，beakout，breakfOnh，fall，rise，die，lie，appear为常见的不及物动词)。 4一致。包括与前面人称和数的一致及几个动词的结构一致。 5正确运用非谓语动词。 6不能错用动词。(如根据上下文的逻辑关系将这个动词改为它的反义词，go，arrive, open

2、，borrow，take,sell依次改为come，1eave，close，lendreturn，bringbing,buy)。7注意固定搭配。 高考最新热门题 1. (NMET 20典型例题sure theyll laugh to me to do things as well as them.命题目的与解题技巧：此题考查动词的用法。动词的考点主要涉及动词的意词，动词的词性，搭配，动词短语或短语动词，主谓一致，动词的时态语态，非谓语动词等。动词的用法灵活，不易掌握，在做此类题时，首先要研读题先找出信息词，理顺句意，再做判断。 【答案】 toatlaugh at sb“嘲笑某人”，固定搭配。2

3、.(NMET 20典型例题Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class. 答案：talkedtalk根据短文内容可判断出要用一般现在时。3.(NMET 20典型例题ut his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.答案：gogoing此处应用动名词短语goingtocolledge作主语，与playingsports对比并且要结构形式相同。 题点经典类型题 1.(20典型例题)when I spoke to them, they ofte

4、n stare at my mouth. 【答案】spokespeak. 根据文章意思及时态一致原则，应用一般现在时。2.(20典型例题合诊断) Instend of helping him standing up, Li Ping shouted at the old man angnily. 答案：standingstand. help sb do sth帮助某人做某事。3.(20典型例题)Around the world more and more people are taken part in dangenous sports and activities. 答案：takentaki

5、ng根据文章，应用一般现在时。4.(20典型例题模拟)Look back at my childhood experience, I think that three reasons might erplain the fear.答案：LookLooking现在分词短语用于独立主格结构。 新高考命题探究 1.动词时态 (1)The film began before I arrived. 答案：began改为hadbegum过去完成时，表示过去某一点之前已完成的动作。(2) We never visited the Great Wall. 答案：never前加have现在完成时，havenev

6、erdonesth表示到目前为止从来没干某事(3) His brother has joined in the.army for three years. 答案：joined改为beenjoin为非延续性动词，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(4) Hurry up! We must get there before the sun set. 答案：set改为setsbefore引导一个时间状语从时，用一般现在时表示将来。(5) Her grandmother has been died for twenty years. 答案：died改为deaddie是一个瞬间性动词。不能与表示一段时间的状语

7、连用。(6) I shall let her know it as soon as I shall meet her. 答案：将第二个shall去掉。as soon as引导一个时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。(7) I dont think Jim saw me; he is just staring into the sky. 答案：is改为was当时正在干某事，用过去进行时。(8) You do say that you would lend me some money yesterday. 答案：do改为didyesterday，说明用过去式。(9) The price has g

8、one down, but I doubt whether it remain so. 答案：it后加will根据句意：价格已经降下来了，但我怀疑它能否将保持目前这个样子。whether引导的宾语从句用将来时态。(10) The building which is now built near my school will be a well-equipped hospital. 答案：now后加beingis being built，正在被建设中的。2.动词语态 (1)The price has brought down a lot. 答案：has后加beenbring down为及物动词；

9、意为“使降下来”。根据句意应用被动语态。(2) This question must worked out at once. 答案：must后加be此处需用被动语态。(3) The Second World War was broke out in 1939. 答案：去掉wasbreak out是不及物动词，无被动形式。(4) I need one more stamp before my collection completed. 答案：completed改为is completed根据句意。before从句应用被动结构。(5) Clenaing women in big cities us

10、ually get pay by the hour. 答案：pay改为paidgetpaid意为“获得报酬”。(6) Look! The dogs are trained to help the blind to cross road. 答案：are后加beingarebeingtrained，正被训练。(7) We are hoping that a concert will held soon at which the works of Liszt will play. 答案：will后加be.will be held将来时态的被动结构。(8) In order to prevent th

11、e fire from spreading , some of the houses nearby had pulled down before the firemen arrived. 答案：had后加beenhad been pulled down，被动结构，过去完成时。(9) It was obvious that the man had been driving on the free way for almost an hour when he told that he had to come back. 答案：第一个be后加was根据句意，when引导的状语从句，应用被动语态。(1

12、0) I lost and had to ask a policeman the way. 答案：I后加was或gotbegetlost意为“迷路”。3.非谓语动词 (1) It is time harvest wheat. 答案：time后加toItstimetodosth是干某事的时候了。(2) Please tell me how work it out. 答案：how后加tohow+不定式作宾语。(3) Im thirsty. Get me something to drinking. 答案：drinking改为drink不定式作定语。(4) She was made feed two

13、 chidren and do some cleaning. 答案：made后力Dtomakesbdosth被动结构为bemadetodo(5) That book is worth read twice. 答案：read改为readingbe worth doing为固定搭配，“值得干”(6) Im looking forward to see you soon. 答案：see改为seeing1ook for ward to中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(7) Her father escaped killed in the war. 答案：escaped后加being。escape后跟名

14、词或动名词，表示逃脱、逃避，比如exepe punishmentbeing punished逃避惩罚。(8) Our English teacher enjoys listen to music. 答案：listen改为listeningenjoydoing喜欢干某事”，某些动词后习惯跟ving作宾语。(9) My grandfather has been used to live quietly in the country. 答案：live改为livingbeused to doing固定用法，意为“习惯了干某事”。(10) He saw the chidren play under th

15、e tree when he came back from work 答案：play改为playingsee sb.doing sth为“看见某人正在干某事。”(11) The room is drity. It needs cleaned. 答案：cleaned改为cleaningneedwantrequire表示“需要”之意时，后跟ving(12) I heard her singing there last night. 答案：singing改为singhear sb.do sth“听见某人干了某事”，指干某事从头至尾的过程。(13) Losing in thought, he almo

16、st ran into the car in front of him. 答案：Losing改为Lost1ist im thought过去分词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。(14) He tried to make himself understand in English. 答案：understand改为understoodmake one self+过去分词，分词与oneself之间是被动的关系。(15) Who is the woman talk with our teacher over there? 答案：talk改为talkingving分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句：that

17、is talking with(16) The teacher came in, followed a group of students. 答案：followed改为following认ving分词作方式状语，分词动作与主语是主动的关系。或followed后加byv-ed分词与主语之间的被动关系。(17) Our teacher asked us not be late for class again. 答案：not后加toasksbnot to do sth要求某人不要干某事。(18) You will soon notice that they have formed a group m

18、aking up of doctors and lawyers. 答案：making改为mademake up of过去分词短语作定语， 与被修饰词之间是被动关系。(19) Seated himself in a chair, Mr. Crossett began to look through the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at the door. 答案：Seated改Seatingseat为及物动词，认ing与主句主语之间是主动关系，表伴随状况；可将himself去掉。ved分词说明主语的状态。(20) I remained

19、 puzzling long after I had been told the story. 答案：puzzling改为puzzledremain为系动词，表示“人感到”，用-ed形容词作表语。4.虚拟语气 (1) How I wish I am you. 答案：am改为werewish后的宾语从句，谓语动词用过去式表示与目前事实相反的一个愿望，be的过去式were(2) I wish I have gone to the party last night. 答案：have改为hadwish后的宾语从句，谓语动词用had+过去分词”表示与过去事实相反的一个愿望。(3) The teacher

20、 ordered the classroom swept. 答案：classroom后加beorder后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语结构为：(should)+动词原形。(4) My suggestion is that we will discuss it another day. 答案：will改为should或将will去掉。suggestion，proposal，plan，idea，order，request，advice作主语时，其后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语构成为：(should)+v(5) The workers on strike demanded that their wage

21、s increased. 答案：increased前加be(should)beincreased表示虚拟语气，用于动词demand之后的宾语从句中。(6) If he is here, we would know bow to do it. 答案：is改为were虚拟语气用于条件句，与目前事实相反的一个假设，if从句的谓语动词用过去式，be的过去式用were。(7) The teacher insisted that her students did their homework alone. 答案：did改为do(should)do表示虚拟语气，用于insist后的宾语从句中。(8) The

22、 woman talks as if she knows everything. 答案：knows改为knewas汀引导的句子多用虚拟语气，用过去时态表示与目前事实相反。(9) Have he had the time,he would have done it. 答案：Have改为Had省略if的条件从句，原句为If he had had the time，表示与过去事实相反。(10) Without electricity human life will be quite different today. 答案：will改为wouldshouldmightwithout短语相当于一个条件状

23、语从句，上下句间构成了一个与现在事实相反的一种假设；主句谓语：wouldshouldmight+v5.情态动词 (1)He will be back soon. You cant worry. 答案：high改为tall形容细而高的东西用形容词tall(2) I got lost and must ask a policeman the way. 答案：health改为healthyhealthy，形容词作表语。(3) -Must I finish the work before I go home?-No, you mustfft. 答案：many改为large形容人口众多，用形容词larg

24、e(4) Since the ground was wet this morning, it must rained last night. 答案：must后加havemust have done是对过去一个动作肯定的判断。(5) I didfft need get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9. 答案：need后加to根据didnt来判断，need为实义动词，后接不定式。(6) Look at that thin man. He mustnt be Mr. Black, for Mr. Black is fat. 答案：m

25、ustnt改为cant否定的判断“不可能”用cant(7) After meal,he should checked the bill. 答案：去掉should表示陈述一个事实；或should后加have，should+have done表示“本应该干某事而没干”(8) When Galileo told people of his discovery, no one should believe him. 答案：should改为wouldwould可以表示“愿意”。(9) Would we go? Yes ,lets. 答案：would改为shallshall用于一、三人称，表示请求对方允许

26、或提出建议。would用于第二人称，Would you do?(10) How dares he speak to his mother like that?答案： dares改为dare dare用作情态动词，无dares形式。6.主谓一致 (1) Half of the apples is bad. 答案：is改为are谓语动词的单复数与half of后的名词保持一致。或将apples改为apple(2) Either Bob or I are to blame. 答案：are改为ameitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等连接两个并列的主语，采用就近原则

27、。(3) Three feet are not long enough. 答案：are改为is一段距离，一段时间，一笔钱等，都当作单数看待。(4) Nothing but trees were to be seen. 答案：were改为wasnothing作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。(5) The rest of the water are not enough. 答案：are改为istherest作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。(6) He as well as I are a student of English. 答案：are改为is主语为He，主语后的介词短语with，t

28、ogether with，as well as等不能改变主语的数。(7) Doing morning exercises are good to us. 答案：are改为is认ing，t。d。等形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。(8) Each soldier and each sailor were given a gun. 答案：were改为waseachand each，everyand every作主语，谓语动词用单数。(9) The old is taken good care of in our country. 答案：is改为are“the+形容词”表示一类，谓语用复数形式。(10) What interests me most is better wages and working conditions.答案：is改为arewhat引导主语从句，谓语习惯上用单数，若表语为表示复数意义的名词时，谓语用复数。