2019-2020同步译林英语必修四新突破单元综合检测2 WORD版含解析.doc

1、单元综合检测(二).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ACanyoning (蹦谷运动)The sports of canyoning explore the highenergy environment where water meets rock on the coast，or in river canyons.Protected by wetsuits and helmets (头盔)，people jump from cliffs (悬崖) and waterfalls and explore caves and river canyons that would not n

2、ormally be arrived at.It was pioneered in the UK.by TYF Adventure (01437 721611，) and several thousand people leap from the cliffs near St Davids each year.A half day canyoning trip costs 50 (30 for children under 16)Scuba divingDiving is not popular with British people.The challenges of wild waters

3、 are greater because the water is colder and not clear enough，but the coasts of Cornwall，Wales and Scotland have some of the best wreck diving in the world.The British Sub Aqua Club (0870 112 9133，) and the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (01580 819688，) run courses teaching the impor

4、tant skills right up and to instructor level.Surfing The best surfing places in the UK are on the southwest coast where it is warmer and the surf is relatively steady，particularly in Cornwall.The best time of year to surf in the UK is late summer and autumn when water temperatures are at their milde

5、st.The British Surfing Association (01479 861256，www.britsurf.co.uk) has a list of famous surf schools around the country.Rock climbingThe most popular natural rocks in Britain include the Peak District，the Lake District，coastal regions，while vast areas of Scotland are a climbers paradise (天堂)Climbi

6、ng courses and climbing walls can be located on the website of the British Mountaineering Council (0870 010 4878，www.thebmc.co.uk) which offers a series of short films that take the new climber through a stepbystep guide to visiting a climbing wall for the first time.【语篇解读】本文讲述了四项与英国人有关的运动。1If a cou

7、ple with their child of 15 join in Canyoning for a day，they will pay A 130B 260C 160 D 320B细节理解题。根据Canyoning (蹦谷运动)中提到“A half day canyoning trip costs 50 (30 for children under 16)”半天的旅行一个人是50英镑，16岁以下的孩子30，所以两个成人一个15岁的孩子所需要的费用是260，故选B项。2To go surfing，you may phone A01479 861256 B0870 010 4878C01437

8、721611 D0870 112 9133A细节理解题。根据Surfing中提到“The British Surfing Association (01479 861256，www.britsurf.co.uk) has a list of famous surf schools around the country.”可知选A项。3Which of the following is NOT well accepted by British people?ACanyoning. BSurfing.CScuba diving. DRock climbing.C推理判断题。根据Scuba divi

9、ng中提到“Diving is not popular with British people.The challenges of wild waters are greater because the water is colder and not clear enough.”潜水不受英国人的欢迎，因为水太冷且水质不清澈，故选C项。BSports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.However，whether you are on the mountains，in the waves，or on the grassland

10、，you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resourcehungry.Golf，as you may know，eats up not only large areas of countryside，but also tons of water.Besides，all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球

11、场)in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environmentfriendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You dont

12、need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free，power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly，it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel le

13、ss anxious，sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environmentfriendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and moder

14、n sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors，in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all，its free.【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了不同的运动对于环境的影响不一样，并且呼吁人们从事绿色运动。4Which of the following does the author most probably support?

15、ACycling around a lake.BMotor racing in the desert.CPlaying basketball in a gym.DSwimming in a sports center.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Members of green gyms play sports outdoors，in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all，its free.”可

16、以得出沿湖骑车是最绿色的，因为免费，不需要耗费太多的资源，故选A。5What do we know about golf from the passage?AIt is popular in Portugal and Spain.BIt causes water shortages around the world.CIt pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.DIt needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Golf，as you may kno

17、w，eats up not only large areas of countryside，but also tons of water.Besides，all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场)in good condition.”可以得出高尔夫球运动的害处，故选D。6The author uses power walking as an example mainly because Ait is an outdoor sportBit improves our heal

18、thCit uses fewer resourcesDit is recommended by expertsC细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.”可以得出本题答案，故选C。7The author writes the passage to Ashow us the function of major sportsBencourage us to go in

19、 for green sportsCdiscuss the major influence of popular sportsDintroduce different types of environmentfriendly sportsB作者意图题。根据最后一段中的“Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environmentfriendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.”可以得出作者的写作意图是呼吁人们从事绿色运动，故选

20、B。CFive years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes

21、each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a

22、 boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected t

23、eaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downsideI ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare, “But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre aslee

24、p？”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Reallyat night，when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in t

25、he daytime，in class，okay？”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名教师，作者用一种玩具培养孩子们的创造性和动手能力，其中一个孩子的创造性引起了作者的注意。8The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy designA细节理解题。从题干的in order to判断，本题询问作

26、者在课堂使用这种玩具的目的，第一段提到“as a test.to find out something about my students”，由此可知作者的目的是更多地了解自己的学生，因此选A项。B项“让课程更激动人心”，C项“提高学生们对艺术的兴趣”，D项“教学生玩具设计”，均不是作者的目的。9What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imagi

27、native.D推理判断题。第三段作者描述这个学生，说他特别有创造性(was an exceptionally creative mind at work)，因此选D项。imaginative有想象力的。作者在该段说他的创造力能够感染班上其他学生，这让作者意外地有了一个教学帮手，没有说他喜欢帮助老师(A项错)，文章没有提到他更喜欢独自一个人学习(B项错)，也没有提到他在课堂上非常活跃(C项错)。10What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake. BDrawback.CDifficul

28、ty. DBurden.B词义猜测题。前文提到作者很喜爱这个学生，说这个学生的创造性能够感染其他学生，下文说“冒着失去那些有不同的思考风格的学生的风险”，根据语境前后的对比判断，downside的含义应该是drawback“不利条件，缺点”，而不是mistake“错误”，difficulty“困难”，burden“负担”。11Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping

29、habits.CTo help them to improve their memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.A推理判断题。根据题干信息可知本题考查的是文章后半部分对话的信息。作者鼓励学生讲述他们最有趣的梦，然后鼓励学生说，“白天在课堂上也试一试做梦，好吗？”由此推断，作者让学生讲述他们的梦，是为了帮助学生看到自己的创造性，因此选A项。B项“为了弄清楚他们的睡眠习惯”，C项“为了帮助他们提高记忆力”，D项“为了弄清楚他们的思维方式”，均不是作者的目的。DAll over the world people enjoy sports.

30、Sports help to keep people healthy，happy and help them to live longer.Sports change with the season.People play different games in winter and summer.Games and sports often grow out of peoples work and everyday activities.The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life，they use them in

31、their sports，too.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them.Football, for example, has spread around the world.Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.Some sports or games go back to thousands of years，like running or jumping.Chinese b

32、oxing，for example，has a very long history.But basketball and volleyball are rather new.Neither one is a hundred years old yet.People are inventing new sports or games all the time.People from different countries may not be able to understand each other，but after a game they often become good friends

33、.Sports help to train a persons character(性格)One learns to fight hard but fight fair，to win without pride and to lose with grace (体面)【语篇解读】人们喜欢运动。运动使人们健康、快乐和长寿。冬季和夏季都有不同的运动形式，一些运动项目也具有悠久的历史。12According to this passage we know that .Apeople began to play about one hundred years agoBabout one hundred

34、years ago people ran or jumped when they playedCbasketball has a longer history than volleyballDnot all the games have a long historyD细节理解题。从第四段可知，跑步、跳高等运动有上千年的历史，而篮球和排球是相当新的运动，都不到一百年，由此可知并不是所有的运动项目都历史悠久，D项正确。13The writer didnt tell us in this passage that Abasketball was invented in AmericaBsports

35、change with the seasonCgames and sports often grow out of peoples work and everyday activitiesDfootball is played all over the worldA细节理解题。由第一段末句可知B项正确；由第二段第二句可知C项正确；由第三段第二句可知D项正确；A项文章没有提及。故选A项。14People all over the world enjoy sports because .Asports are interestingBsports help to keep people healt

36、hy，happy and to live longerCsports help to train ones characterDall of the aboveD细节理解题。第一段和最后一段相呼应，概括了运动的好处：有趣，使人健康快乐，延年益寿，锻炼人的性格。D项回答全面。15Whats the writers attitude towards the sports?APositive. BNegative.CNeutral. DWe have no idea.A观点态度题。positive积极的，肯定的；negative消极的，否定的；neutral中立的。作者在文章中讲了运动的诸多好处，自

37、然对运动持肯定态度，所以选A。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Different CulturesThe cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. 16 The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India.Both of the two cultures are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hi

38、ndu River in India. 17 When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plainthe Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. 18 Like the Chinese culture, th

39、e European culture also crossed waters.When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over, the Atlantic Ocean.So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European culture a lot. 19 Take the language system for example.In the East, most languages belong to the pictogr

40、aphic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system.Other causes like human race difference count as well.But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries.So they grew up tota

41、lly in their own ways with almost nointerference (干扰) from the other.The differences are everywhere. 20 But different cultures make the world of the 21st century more colorful.The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being.It ought to be the motivation of our goi

42、ng farther.ALet us work together to keep a variety of culture.BOne important thing is to learn about other cultures.CAnd these two are wellknown as the base of the European culture.DAt the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences.EThis is because the culture systems are two

43、separate systems on the whole.FThey helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.GThey are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world.【语篇解读】本文介绍东西方文化的起源和发展以及它们之间的差异。16E根据上文提到“The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other

44、a lot.”东西方文化彼此是有差异的，故选E，这是因为整体上是两个完全不同的文化体系。17F根据上文提到“Both of the two cultures are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India.”可知两种文化起源于中国的黄河和印度的印度河，故选F，数百年来他们帮助两种文化成长，形成自己的风格。18C根据上文提到“This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancien

45、t Rome.”后来这种文化发展成为古代的希腊文化与古代的罗马文化与C项这两种文化以欧洲文化为基础相连接。19D根据下文提到“Take the language system for example.In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system.”以语言系统为例，在东方，许多语言属于象形文字，而西方的语言以拉丁语为基础，故选D，与此同时，这些差异增加了文化的不同。20G根据上文提到的“T

46、he differences are everywhere”(这些差异无处不在)故选G，他们是很明显的，影响着人们思考世界的方法和观点。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Everyone wants to win.However，any time two teams or kids are 21 each other in a game or contest，someone will lose.Kids lose in small ways，like in a 22 of chess，but they also might face losing in 23 ways，lik

47、e when their team loses a championship game.Losing is 24 ，so its not surprising that kids dont like it.Adults dont like it，either，but everyone can learn to 25 how they react to a loss.In other words，what should you do when you lose?The hard part is that sometimes you might react before you even 26 i

48、t.For example，you are competing with another team，and they 27 easily.There they are celebrating on the field while you burst into 28 You probably dont want to be crying right now，even though its OK that you feel 29 The 30 thing is what you do next.Do you say something bad about the other team just 3

49、1 they win？No！The best thing to do is to try to 32 yourself and work together with your 33 so you can defeat the third team.The losing team may not 34 it was such a good game，but this experience often 35 everyone how to be a good sport.If you feel like crying or you want to 36 about the game，you can

50、 do thatbut its best to do it off the 37 and after youve had a chance to 38 After a little time passes，you might not feel as 39 as you were when the game 40 【语篇解读】如果比赛失利，我们该如何克服一些消极情绪呢？21A.facingBhelpingCleaving DmissingA根据“in a game or contest”可知这里是指“面对”你的对手。22A.play BgameCspeech DlessonB根据“Kids lo

51、se in small ways”可知这里是指小孩在下棋“游戏”中输。23A.stranger BfartherClonger DbiggerD根据but前后的句子和“like when their team loses a championship game”可知，他们也有可能输得“更大”。24A.useless BunnecessaryCdisappointing DsurprisingC根据“so its not surprising that kids dont like it”可知这里是指输是“让人失望的”。25A.understand BcontrolCexpress Dexpla

52、inB根据“In other words，what should you do when you lose？”可知，前面是指每个人可以“控制”对输的反应。26A.allow BhideCrealize DgetC根据后面的语境描述可知，这里是指在你“意识到”做出反应之前就已经做出了反应。27A.quit BwinCdevelop DshoutB根据后面的“There they are celebrating on the field”可知，这里是指那一队很容易就“赢”了比赛。28A.tears BlaughterCjoy DangerA根据“You probably dont want to

53、be crying”可知，这里是指你开始掉“眼泪”。burst into tears“流泪”。29A.relaxed BexcitedCsad DnervousC别人赢了比赛，作为失败的那一方，你应该感到“伤心”。30A.interesting BpleasantCdifficult DimportantD这里是指掉眼泪后该做的事情才是更“重要的”事情。31A.before BbecauseCif DunlessB你有没有“因为”别人赢了而说他们的坏话呢？32A.find BdispleaseCrefuse DcollectD我们不应该沉浸在暂时失败的痛苦中，我们应该“镇定下来”。collec

54、t oneself在这里意为“镇定下来”。33A.teammates BparentsCclassmates DfriendsA根据“work together with”可知，这里是指和你的“队友”合力打败第三队。34A.suggest BrequireCthink DdreamC输掉比赛的那一队因为带着不好的情绪，可能“认为”这不是一场好的比赛。35A.chooses BteachesCscolds DasksB这里是指这种经历可以“教会”人们如何成为一个输得起的人。36A.complain BhearClearn DknowA根据上文语境及“If you feel like crying

55、”可知，这里是指如果你想哭，或者想“抱怨”这场比赛。37A.house BplaceCfield DtimeC你想哭或者想抱怨这场比赛，都是可以的，但要下了“比赛场地”才可以这么做。38A.turn up Btake offCcool down Dgrow upC这里是指等你“冷静”下来后。39A.upset BcalmCbored DworriedA等你冷静下来后，你或许就不会感到那么“难过”了。40A.succeeded BimprovedCdisappeared DendedD这里是指比赛“结束”的时候。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Mr.Johnson lived

56、 in the woods with his wife and children.He owned a farm，which looked almost 41. (abandon)42 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 43. (leave)The cow was th

57、eir only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass 44. it began to rain heavily.While 45. (make) great efforts to run away, she fell over the hill and died.Then the Johnson tried to make a living 46. the cow.In order to support his family, Mr.Johnson 47. (begin) to plant herbs and

58、vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 48. (sell) the wood.Thinking about his childrens clothes, he started growing cotton, too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 49. people from the town met regularly.

59、Now it occurred to 50. (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Mr.Johnson拥有一个几乎废弃的农场，靠一头奶牛谋生。一场大雨中，奶牛摔死了，约翰逊开始种植草药和蔬菜。当收获来临的时候，他突然想到，他的农场有很大的潜力。41abandoned考查形容词。句意：他拥有一个农场，它看起来几乎快要废弃了。故连系动词look后跟形容词作表语。42Luckily考查副词。副词修饰整个句子，故答案为Luckily。43

60、was left考查时态、语态。句意：他在附近的城镇出售或交换了一些牛奶，以获得其他食物，并用剩下的为家里做了奶酪和黄油。with后面是what引导的宾语从句；what指的是milk(不可数名词)，在宾语从句中充当主语，和leave(剩下)之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was left。44when考查固定句式。句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时候天开始下大雨。was/were doing sth.when.，正在做某事，这时候，故答案为when。45making考查现在分词作状语。句意：她在努力逃跑的时候，倒在了山上，死了。此处she和make之间是主动关系，这里是现

61、在分词作时间状语，故答案为making。46without考查介词。句意：然后，约翰逊试图在没有奶牛的情况下谋生。结合句意答案为without。47began考查时态。句意：约翰逊开始种植草药和蔬菜。根据整篇文章可知本句用一般过去时，故答案为began。48to sell考查动词不定式。句意：由于这些植物生长需要花费一段时间，他开始砍伐树木来卖木材。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to sell。49where考查定语从句。句意：当收获来临的时候，他已经在镇上的人经常见面的市场上卖草药、蔬菜和棉花。空格前的the market是先行词，空格处应为定语从句的引导词，并在从句中作地点状语，故答

62、案为where。50him考查人称代词。句意：现在他突然想到，他的农场有很大的潜力，而牛的死对他也是好运气。固定句式：It occurred to sb.that.，某人突然想起，故答案为him。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Dear Mr.Black，Im very thank to you for inviting me to stay with you in the come summer vacation.I have been dreamed of seeing you again so that I can get help from you in my Engl

63、ish learning.And Im afraid I cannot go to your place in this summer.Ive promised my grandmother, she lives in the country, to spend this summer with her.She misses me too much that I find difficult to refuse her request.Im busy preparing for my examinations in present.I planned to visit you in winte

64、r if its convenient to you.答案Dear Mr.Black，Im very to you for inviting me to stay with you in the summer vacation.I have been of seeing you again so that I can get help from you in my English learning. Im afraid I cannot go to your place in this summer.Ive promised my grandmother, lives in the count

65、ry, to spend this summer with her.She misses me much that I find difficult to refuse her request.Im busy preparing for my examinations present.I to visit you in winter if its convenient to you.书面表达(满分25分)以“我最喜欢的运动”为标题，写一篇短文。短文包括以下几个方面的内容：1你是如何对那项运动感兴趣的；2你最喜欢的运动员；3怎样提高你的技能。注意：1.词数100左右；2题目已给出。My Favo

66、urite Sport 【参考范文】My Favourite SportMy favourite sport is playing basketball.I first became interested in it when I was eleven.At that time I liked to play with my friends.I just played it for fun.But I totally changed after I watched a basketball game on TV with my father.I was deeply impressed by

67、Michael Jordan.His behaviour was amazing and exciting.He finally set his record by scoring 69 points in the game.From then on, I decided to practise harder so that one day I might compete in the game with my favourite basketball player.Now I am a member of our school team.Apart from playing at school，I go to sports school every weekend.I try to improve my running skills and my handling of the ball.In the future，I hope to go to a sports university and perhaps be able to join the Chinese national team and win glory for my country.