2019-2020学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步讲义：UNIT 4 ASTRONOMY SECTION Ⅲ　LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE .doc

1、Section Learning about Language & Using Language重点单词写作词汇1.climate n.气候2.float vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物3.crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落4.gravity n.万有引力；重力5.pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力拓展词汇6.gentle adj.温和的；文雅的gently adv.温和地7.biology n生物学biologist n生物学家8.exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽exhausted adj.精疲力尽的阅读词汇9.lessen vi.& vt.减少；减

2、轻10.weightlessly adv.失重地11.spaceship n.宇宙飞船12.extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的13.cabin n.小屋；船舱重点短语1.block out挡住(光线)2.get the hang of熟悉；掌握；理解3.watch out for密切注意；当心；提防4.depend on依靠5.cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋6.now that既然7.break out突发；爆发8.as a result of由于的原因重点句型1.as adj. a/an n. as.：When we get closer to the moon, we shall

3、feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as(像那样大的拉力) the earths.2.twice as.as.: But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as(是的两倍远) on the earth and fell over.3.now that 引导原因状语从句：“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that(既然)

4、gravity has changed.”Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.1The passage mainly talks about _Awhat the moon isBmy visit to the moonCthe differences between the earth and the moonDLi Yanping, my friend, who is an astronomer2Why cant the spaceship fall back to the earth?ABecause the m

5、oons gravity pulls it up.BBecause it is too far away from the earth.CBecause the earth has no gravity.DBecause the spaceship is not very heavy.3When I was on the moon I felt I was _ than I am on the earth.AslowerBheavierCclevererDlighter4If a baby is growing on the moon, when he grows up, he will gr

6、ow _ than he is on the earth.AtallerBshorterCfatterDthinner答案：14.BBDA名词visit 后面习惯上与介词to搭配，意为“到的旅行”。have a chance to do sth.有机会做某事make a trip(take a trip/go on a trip )去旅行spaceship/spesp/n.宇宙飞船explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事be off 离开，起飞。在本句中相当于 take off。pullpln.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地，渐进地les

7、senlesnvi.& vt.减少；减轻cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋floatfltvi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮；(使)飘动n. 漂浮物weightlesslyweItlIslIadv.失重地cabinkbInn.小屋；船舱step vi.迈步，踩踏，行走step forward 向前迈一步fall over 跌倒now that 既然(引导原因状语从句)get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解break out 突发；爆发exhausting adj.令人筋疲力尽的(指事物)exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的(指人)exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使筋疲力尽【

8、核心素养链接】1961年4月12日莫斯科时间上午9时07分，苏联航天员加加林乘坐东方1号宇宙飞船，在最大高度为301公里的轨道上绕地球一周，完成了世界上首次载人宇宙飞行任务，实现了人类进入太空的愿望。美国东部时间1969年7月20日下午4时17分，美国宇航员阿姆斯特朗将左脚小心翼翼地踏上了月球表面。这是人类第一次踏上月球。2003年10月15日北京时间9时整，中国航天员杨利伟乘坐由新型长征二号F捆绑式火箭运载的神舟五号飞船首次进入太空，并于2003年10月16日6时23分返回。杨利伟是中国第一位飞天航天员。继杨利伟之后，费俊龙、聂海胜、翟志刚、刘伯明、景海鹏、刘旺、刘洋(女)、张晓光、王亚平(

9、女)、陈冬均已搭乘神舟飞船飞入太空。A VISIT TO THE MOONLast month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship ! Before we left，Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey a

10、nd that the first change would be the most powerful. Then we were off. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other. Gradually the weight lessened and I

11、was able to talk to him.“Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked.“We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull，” he explained，“so we feel as if there is no gravity at all. When we get closer to the moon, we shal

12、l feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths ” I cheered up immediately and floatedweightlesslyaround in our spaceship cabinwatching the earth become smaller and the moon larger此处两个由that引导的宾语从句作explained的宾语，其中第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略。该句并非强调句，而是包含“so.that.”结构的句子，“s

13、o.that.”引导结果状语从句。此处包含了“too.to.”结构，表示“太而不能”。此处feel its gravity pulling us 属于“感官动词宾语宾补”结构，宾补由现在分词充当，表示主动和动作正在进行。as stong a pull as the earths 为“asadj.a(n)n.as”结构。watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中包含“watch宾语宾补”结构。When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.“Come

14、 on，” I said.“If you are right, my weight will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely. I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough. I shall certainly weigh less！”I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship. But when I tried to

15、 step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed” After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.twice as far as意为“的两倍远”，为“倍数asadj./adv.as”结构。此处walking作主语，does为助动词

16、，用来加强语气，now that引导原因状语从句。Leaving the moons gravity was not as painful as leaving the earths. But returning to the earth was very frightening. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back

17、 to land.“That was very exhausting but very exciting too，”I said.“Now I know much more about gravity! Do you think we could visit some stars next time？”“Of course，” he smiled，“which star would you like to go to？”v.ing短语“Leaving the moons gravity”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。本句中两个as引导的从句均为时间状语从句；形容词amazed作状语，表示主语“W

18、e”当时的感受。月球之旅我的朋友李彦平是一位宇航员，上个月我非常有幸得到同他一起去太空旅行的机会。我们乘宇宙飞船参观了月球！起航前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅途中重力的影响会改变三次，第一次的改变将是最强烈的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入空中，我们被推回到座位上，因为我们正在努力摆脱地球的引力。这种引力如此大以至于我们不能跟彼此说话。渐渐地这种力量慢慢减小，我能同他说话了。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船不会落回到地球上呢？在地球上，如果我从树上掉下去，我会落到地上的。”李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有引力似的。当我们更接近月球时，我们就会感觉到月

19、球的引力在拉我们，但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那样强。”我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。当我们到达月球时，我想立刻去探索。“快点儿，”我说，“要是你是正确的，我的体重就会比在地球上轻，因为月球比地球小，并且我能更加自由地活动了。如果我在月球上待的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我肯定也会变得更轻！”我笑着从宇宙飞船的台阶上爬下来。但是当我努力向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”过了一会儿，我掌握了走路的要

20、领，接着我们开了始愉快地玩耍。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球的引力那样痛苦。但是返回到地球(的经历)是非常吓人的。我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层摩擦起火。当我们回到地面时，我们再次被重重地推到座位上。我说道：“真是累人啊，但也很激动人心。关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以参观一些恒星吗？”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗恒星上去呢？” crashvi.& vt.碰撞；坠落；破产n相撞(事故)；(飞机的)坠落；坠落声；撞击声(教材P29)Other scientists believe that a comet crashed into the earth lon

21、g ago and caused the disappearance.其他的科学家们认为很久以前一颗彗星撞到地球上，这导致了(恐龙的)消失。(1)crash in/onto.撞到里/上(2)a plane/car crash飞机失事/汽车撞车事故A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.许多旅客在火车相撞事故中丧生了。There was a terrible plane crash, and the plane crashed into the ground.发生了一起严重的飞机坠毁事件，飞机坠落到了地面上。即学即练单句语法填空As

22、far as I know, he crashed(crash) his car into a wall last night.链接写作完成句子他是飞机坠毁中的唯一生还者。He was the only one to survive the plane crash. pulln& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力(教材P30)As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭升入太

23、空，我们被推回到座位上，因为我们在努力挣脱地球的引力。pull off脱(衣、帽等)pull through康复；完成；使渡过难关pull in(火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pull up停车；停住pull down拆毁I didnt notice the train had already pulled in.我没有注意到火车已经进站了。The driver pulled up at the gate of our school.司机把车停在我们校门口了。即学即练单句语法填空The old house is dangerous and will have to be pulled d

24、ownDonald pulled up at the red light and we stopped behind him.Luckily, the doctor said that my father was going to pull through对比记忆 push/pullcheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；使振奋；振作(教材P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the

25、 moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。(1)cheer sb.on(赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油(2)cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的When I feel upset, my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。We did our best to cheer him on when he was about to give up.当他将要放弃时我们尽全力鼓励他。即学即

26、练单句语法填空Friends will cheer you on when you are in trouble.She is so cheerful(cheer) that everyone likes her.链接写作完成句子我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely! break out(战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等)突然发生；爆发(教材P31)We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of t

27、he spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层摩擦起火。break down出故障；失败；垮掉；分解break in破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into强行闯入；突然起来break up解散；打碎；驱散The Second World War broke out in September，1939.第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。A quarrel broke out between them when he told lies to her.当他向她撒了谎时，两人吵了起来。即学即练用br

28、eak的相关短语填空Her friends came to help her when the war broke outHe broke into the room and stole many famous paintings.The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.watch out for密切注意；当心；提防，留意(经典例句)Watch out for the haze; it may do great harm to us.当心这种雾霾

29、天气，它可能对我们造成很大的损害。(1)watch out当心；小心watch over照看；看守keep a watch on注意；关注(2)look outtake carebe careful注意，当心I watch out for them.我会小心照看它们。The police are keeping a watch on his movement.警方正密切注视着他的动向。即学即练单句语法填空I think you should watch out for that mandont be cheated by him.It was my duty to watch over the

30、 children. (教材P31)But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但是当我努力向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。twice as far as.表示“是的两倍远”，是倍数表达法句型之一。英语里常见的倍数表达法有三种：(1)A is倍数/分数/百分数asadj./adv.(原级) as B(2)A is倍数/分数/百分数adj./adv.(比较级) than B(3)A is倍数/分

31、数/百分数then.(size/weight/length/width等) of BThe new road is four times as wide as the old one.这条新公路是旧公路的四倍宽。The river is three times longer than the one in our city.The river is four times the length of the one in our city.这条河是我们城市那条河的四倍长。链接写作一句多译正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的三倍高。The teaching building being built no

32、w is three times as high as that one.The teaching building being built now is_twice higher than that one.The teaching building being built now is three times the height of that one.now that引导原因状语从句(教材P31)“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“

33、既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now that“既然；由于”，是一个连词词组，引导原因状语从句，在口语中常省略that。Now that I have nothing to do, I can enjoy music for a little while. 既然我无事可做，我可以享受一会儿音乐了。Now you have grown up, you can make up your mind by yourself.既然你已经长大了，你可以自己做决定了。链接写作完成句子既然你的工作已经完成了，你最好休息一会儿。Now that you have finished your wo

34、rk,youd better have a rest.学生用书P76 品句填词1There are lots of colorful plastic bags floating(漂浮) on the lake, which pollute the water.2“Dont lose heart, Tony. Everything will be all right soon，” said Mother gently(温和地)3Many countries are working together to deal with the problem of climate(气候) change.4A

35、s hours went by, the bear cubs mother didnt appear, so the fishermen called a wildlife biologist(生物学家)5Stephen Hawking was one of the greatest physicists(物理学家) in the world.6After about an hour of being beyond the pull of the earths gravity(压力), Glenn reported that he felt very well.7A plane crashed

36、(碰撞) onto a mountain and killed more than 70 people.8China is the fifth country in the world to develop and launch(发射) manmade satellites(卫星) independently.9Robert pulled(拉，拖) the box out and found the letter was still hidden in it.10Some experts think reading is the fundamental(基本的) skill upon whic

37、h school education depends. 选词填空in time; give birth to; block out; according to; as a result of; break out; watch out for; now that 1Now that you have known the truth, I neednt tell it to you.2Luckily, when the fire broke out,no one was in the kitchen.3You must watch out for ice on the road in the w

38、inter.4The design of the house is not good, because that wall blocks out the sunlight.5As a result of the damage to the forests, parts of the country are now short of water.6A child ran across the road in front of my car, but luckily, I stopped my car just in time7Students will be placed into differ

39、ent classes according to their present language skills.8The Greens have a boy and Mrs. Green gave birth to a girl baby last weekend. 完成句子1他的新家是你家的两倍大。His new house is twice as big as yours2他太累了，不想吃晚饭，所以他直接去睡觉了。He was too tired to have supper,so he went to bed directly.3他感觉有人在盯着他，这让他很紧张。He felt someo

40、ne staring at him,which made him nervous.4既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日对你而言将是个有价值的经历。Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.5这里的生活并不像看起来那么平静。Life here is not as peaceful as it looks. 课文语法填空Last month, Li Yanping and the aut

41、hor visited the moon 1.by spaceship. During their journey to the moon, the force of gravity changed three times, the first one of 2.which was the most powerful.As the rocket rose into the air, the pull of the earths gravity was so hard that they 3.were pushed(push) back into their seats and couldnt

42、say anything to each other. 4.Gradually(gradual) the weight lessened and they were too far from the earth 5.to feel(feel) its pull. That was why the spaceship didnt fall back to the earth.When they got closer to the moon, they felt its gravity pulling them, 6.but it wasnt as strong as the earths. Wh

43、en they landed on the moon, their weight was 7.lighter(light) than that on the earth and the author was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. However, they began to enjoy 8.themselves(they) on the moon after a while.Returning to the earth was very frightening. They were amazed as fire

44、broke out 9.on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. They hoped they would visit some 10.stars(star) next time.学生用书P129(单独成册) 单句语法填空1They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.2Do remember to watch out for cars while crossing the stre

45、et.3What makes me puzzled(puzzle) is why he left the country without telling anyone.4We live in a global (globe) village, but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way.5The biologist(biology) thinks that some plants in this area are in danger of extinction.6Most children need encouragement

46、 in the face of failure so that they can cheer up again.7We decided to cut down the tree in front of the window because it blocked out the sunlight.8It rained heavily in the south, causing(cause) serious floods in several provinces.9Hearing the exciting news, he was too excited to say(say) a word.10

47、The boy often breaks in while his parents are speaking. 阅读理解AAn increasing number of hares(野兔) have been causing such chaos(混乱) at Milans city airport that officials have decided to take immediate measures to try and catch them. Linate airport will close for three hours on Sunday while 200 wildlife

48、experts go out on the runways to catch about 80 hares.“Hares have been active on the runways for months, confusing the ground radar(雷达), and endangering planes landing and taking off，” say officials. “In the last two weeks hares have ended up below the wheels of two planes，” said Alberto Grancini, t

49、he Milan province official in charge of hunting and wildlife. “They could have caused serious accidents.”The Milan airports officials said that the hare population at Linate had greatly increased this year leading to several attempts to drive them away from the airport. Unfortunately, the hares have

50、 refused to leave, so the decision has been made to close the airport altogether to try to catch them.The operation begins on Saturday, when an area of 4 square kilometres will be closed off including the runways and aircraft parking areas. The hare hunters will move in at the beginning of the day o

51、n Sunday, catching hares until 8：00 am. when Linate will reopen. Twelve flights will have to be rescheduled for later in the day. The hares will be taken to protected nature reserves(保护区) in the Milan area and will be set free, in the hope that they do not find their way back to the airport.Linate,

52、which is only 7 km from the centre of Milan, was built in the 1930s, and served as the citys main airport until the modernization of Malpensa, 50km up the road. Linate is mainly used by lowcost airlines such as easyJet, as well as by national carriers such as Alitalia and British Airways.【解题导语】本文是一则

53、新闻报道。米兰利纳特机场饱受野兔骚扰之苦，不得不暂时关闭机场，将这些野兔逮住之后请出机场。1What do Alberto Grancinis words mean?AHare hunting should be encouraged.BHares are a real threat to airplanes.CProtecting hares is a worrying problem.DHares pay a high price for living at the airport.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 They could have caused serious accid

54、ents.可知，野兔给机场带来了很大的安全隐患。2What can we learn about the airports earlier attempts to drive the hares away?ABrave.BCreative.CDangerous.DFruitless.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Unfortunately, the hares have refused to leave 可知，先前驱赶野兔离开机场的做法没有效果。3How will the hares be dealt with?AThey will be in the charge of wildlif

55、e experts.BThey will have to find their own way home.CThey will be brought to a protected area.DThey will be forced out of Milan.C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 The hares will be taken to protected nature reserves(保护区)可知，被逮住的野兔会被带至保护区。4According to the last paragraph, Linate airport _.Ais 7km away from Malpensa

56、Bis less popular than beforeCis a centuryold airportDis a disused airportB解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 served as the citys main airport until the modernization of Malpensa, 50 km up the road 可知，该机场曾是米兰市的主要机场，后来其重要地位被马尔本萨机场取代。BThere is good news for ladies：The two happiest years of your life might have gone by,

57、 but things will not be always bad from now on. Women are most likely to reach the highest point of happiness at 85 years old, according to a new survey by the British National Health Service(NHS)To know peoples level of happiness, the 12question survey asked 8，000 British adults to rate(评估) their l

58、evels of selfconfidence, anxiety and sleep quality. Through those answers, NHS researchers got each adults grade. The grades were between 012 points and those getting four or higher were considered mentally ill.The final findings show that women are more likely than men to report serious mental heal

59、th problems throughout their lives, which is a surprising pattern for researchers. However, that possibility drops by the time both sexes reach their eighties. A closer look at the results shows that just 14 percent of women over the age of 85 have mental health problems. Twentyeight percent of wome

60、n aged 16 to 24, 18 percent of women aged 25 to 34, and 24 percent of women aged 45 to 54 report having mental illness. Meanwhile, almost one in five men aged 85 or older gets a grade showing mental health issues.Generally speaking, its possible that women feel unhappier than men because they often

61、“experience the pressure of domestic(家庭的) and caring responsibilities，” according to Kate Lovett, dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. But those negative feelings may drop in old age, as their children grow up and they are set free from many caretaking duties, she told The Times.Still, your 8

62、5th birthday seems like a long way off. Dont worry about it. There are a lot of ways to be happier regardless of your age, which are waiting for you to find them out and give them a try.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，女性通常比男性更容易患精神疾病，但是随着年龄增长，男女患精神疾病的风险会有所变化。5What was the 12question survey done for?AHelping peo

63、ple become healthier.BLearning about peoples happiness.CFinding out the sources of peoples pressure.DEncouraging people to become more confident.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 To know peoples level of happiness.可知，做这个调查是为了了解人们的幸福感。6What surprised the researchers?APeople can develop mental illness throughout thei

64、r lives.BMen are generally better at dealing with mental illness.CWomen dont like keeping their mental illness a secret.DWomen more likely suffer from serious mental illness.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的The final findings show that women are more likely than men to report serious mental health problems througho

65、ut their lives, which is a surprising pattern for researchers.可知，令研究人员惊讶的是：女性比男性更容易患精神疾病。7Which of the following statements would Kate Lovett agree with?AWomens pressure is mainly from family.BIts difficult for women to avoid negative feelings.CWomen should be set free from caring responsibilities.D

66、Responsibilities at home may reduce womens feelings of happiness.D解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的Generally speaking, its possible.according to Kate Lovett, dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists.可知，Kate Lovett认为女性在家里的责任减少了她们的幸福感。 七选五Giving advice is not one of the easiest tasks. You can be put under a lot of p

67、ressure especially if you generally give bad advice. With these tips, youll be a professor at giving good advice!1_Every situation is unique, so never assume(以为) you know all you need to know about a problem. Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about this s

68、ituation.Put yourself in the advisees shoes. 2._If youve been in a similar situation, think about what you learned, but dont rely solely on your experiences to give adviceimagine that you are giving yourself advice for the unique circumstances(情况) that the other person is facing.3_If you can have a

69、few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution. You could even take the opportunity to ask someone whos more knowledgeable for advice.Think about the results of taking your advice and not taking your advice. If theres no obvi

70、ous difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but its not useful either.4._Be honest. If your advised course of action has possible problems, tell the person about them.5._Your goal should not be to blindly lead the person, but rather to help him or her make a good decision, so d

71、ont act like a salesman.AListen to the person asking you for advice.BTake time to think about the issue if you can.CTry to imagine yourself in the other persons situation.DUnderstand that the person may not take your advice.EIf your advice leads to a worse result, your advice probably is bad.FYou ca

72、n never be sure that your advice is really the best for him or her.GBe honest about this fact if you dont really feel knowledgeable enough about the problem.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。其实给别人提一些好的意见并不是一件容易的事情，那么怎样能让自己提一些好的意见呢？1A解析：根据下文 Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible

73、 about this situation.可知，要认真听听向你寻求意见的人的话。2C解析：根据空前的 Put yourself in the advisees shoes.可知，试着想象一下你处在别人的位置上是什么样。3B解析：根据空后的 If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution.可知，如果可能的话花点时间想想这件事情。4E解析：根据空前的 If theres no obvious difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but its not useful either.可知，如果你的意见会导致不好的结果，那么这个意见就不好。5G解析：根据上文 Be honest.可知，如果你对这种事情了解得不多，请说真话。