2019-2020学年北师大版英语必修五练习：UNIT 15 LEARNING 5 SECTION Ⅴ 知能演练轻松闯关 WORD版含解析.doc

1、A卷 单句语法填空1_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.答案：Should2_ you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.答案：If3_ their bravery, we would have lost all our money.答案：Without4I was ill that day._，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.答案：Otherwise5I would hav

2、e written to you, _ there was no time.答案：but6If I were to do it, I _(do) it in a different way.答案：would do7_ I you，I would go with him to the party.答案：Were8How I wish I _(listen) to my parents advice then.答案：had listened9The workers in the factory demanded that their pay_(raise) by 20 percent.答案：(sh

3、ould) be raised10He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he _(be) a Chinese.答案：were 阅读理解AA new study has discovered that meditation(冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the sym

4、ptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and nondepressed students，”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at toge

5、ther for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression.Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative

6、thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those

7、with depression to accept momenttomoment changes in attention.Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampuspart of the brain involved in memory and learningsays scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The

8、idea for the human intervention(干预) came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new

9、 learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health，”said Alderman.“The good news is that this inter

10、vention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果，即将冥想和有氧运动结合起来去治疗抑郁有很明显的效果。1What made the research so different?AAdopting a way of meaningful talk.BCombining the two ways to treat depression.CTreating depression with special medicine.DComparing the depresse

11、d with the nondepressed.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”可知，这次研究中所使用的治疗抑郁的方法是第一次将冥想和有氧运动两种途径结合了起来。因此这次研究显得很不同。故选B。2The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_”AfightingBident

12、ifyingCdistinguishing DexaminingA解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，将冥想和有氧运动结合起来对治疗抑郁有很明显的效果，因此“combating”的意思应该为“防止；与作斗争”，与fighting意思一样。故选A。3What did the participants do in the research?AThey did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.BThey thought quietly and then took exercise.CThey took exercise longer than t

13、hey thought.DThey took exercise while thinking quietly.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.”可知，参与这项研究的实验对象先冥想30分钟，然后再做30分钟的有氧运动。故选B。4What is Shors main purpose of he

14、r studies?ATo find out certain brain cells of humans.BTo study the production of new brain cells.CTo offer people a new method to treat stress.DTo decide the links between stress and exercise.C解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“.she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can l

15、earn to recover from stressful life events”可知，Shors 所进行的研究的主要目的是帮助人们获得一些新的应对压力的技能。故选C。BExtracurricula(课外课程) in high school are a great benefit to students，so it is important to find time for at least one.Theyre a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possib

16、le future careers.However，sometimes it can be hard to make decisions about extracurricula.Keep these suggestions in mind.Part of the fun of clubs，activities，and sports is the thing itself.If you love to write，then working on the school newspaper or magazine will give you a chance to express yourself

17、 and develop your skills.Do something because you simply enjoy it.Maybe your mom was a cheerleader and has always dreamt of her little girl on the squad(班，小队)，or your dad wants you to be part of the newspaper staff because hes a reporter himself.If this is happening to you and youre not sure whether

18、 you really want to do it，have a try and give it up if you really dont like it.Just as important are the friends youll make by taking part in these activities.It can be hard to make friends in your regular classes or the lunchroom，but taking part in a club or team is a great way to meet kids who hav

19、e the same interests.By spending time together and working for the same goal，youll have the chance to form lasting friendships.However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friends are doing it.This might get you stuck in something youre not that into，or keep you from exploring new ho

20、bbies and sports.5We can infer that this passage is written to_Atell students how to make new friends at schoolBadvise students to get along well with their parentsCgive students some suggestions about extracurriculaDexplain why it is important to have extracurricula at schoolC解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者的写作目

21、的是告诉高中生一些关于参加课外课程的建议。6According to Paragraph 1，which of the following is NOT a reason why students should have extracurricula?AThey can help students make new friends.BStudents can enjoy themselves by doing them.CThey may help students form a good habit of selfstudy.DThey may help students find good

22、 jobs in the future.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Theyre a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possible future careers.”可知A、B、D项都是原因，但作者没有说参加课外课程可以帮助学生养成自学的好习惯，故选C项。7What does the writer suggest students do in Paragraph 2?AJoin a club or a sport team.BWork on the sc

23、hool newspaper.CFind a chance to express themselves.DChoose extracurricula that students really like.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Do something because you simply enjoy it.”可知应选D项。8According to the passage，which of the following is WRONG?AStudents should not always do whatever their parents want them to do.BE

24、xtracurricula activities are very good for high school students.CStudents should join an activity because their friends are doing it.DTaking part in a club is a good way to find friends who have the same interests.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friend

25、s are doing it.”可知，不应该因为朋友参加哪项活动你就参加，故C项错误。 语法填空Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform a simple and random act of kindness. Not 1._(understand) the homework, the students didnt kn

26、ow what to do. Chuck didnt answer their questions. 2._， he encouraged his students to work it out by themselves.One week later, the students entered the classroom and began sharing their stories 3._(excited). One reported on helping a poor dog 4._(abandon) by its owner. Another student told others a

27、bout giving blankets away to the homeless. Gradually, more and more students developed the habit of doing such kind acts, from 5._ they benefited a lot.Since then, similar kind acts 6._(perform) in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th，7

28、._(celebrate) World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a 8._(differ) kind act, such 9._ making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service or raising money for a charity. In this way, students learn to consider other people and think about h

29、ow small actions can make the world a 10._(good) place.1understanding解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作状语，表示主动。2Instead解析：考查副词的用法。句意：相反地，他鼓励学生自己找出答案。3excitedly解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。excitedly adv.兴奋地。4abandoned解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。5which解析：考查定语从句。此处是fromwhich, 用来引导定语从句。benefit from.从受益。6have been performed解析：考

30、查动词的时态和语态。根据since then可知用现在完成时，此处表示被动意义。7to celebrate解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表示目的。8different解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语，修饰act。9as解析：考查介词的用法。such as.例如10better解析：考查形容词比较级。此处意为：使世界成为一个更好的地方。故用比较级。B卷 阅读理解ABatteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make the

31、m smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.“To provide enough power, we need certain metho

32、ds with high energy density(密度)”， said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery

33、, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems(M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.“People hear the word nuclear and think of something very dangerous，” he said, “However, nuclear power sources

34、have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pacemakers, space satellites and underwater systems.”His new idea is not only in the batterys size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwons battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.“The key part of using a

35、 radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor，” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and a

36、ssociate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the batterys power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.【解题导语】本文为科普短文，介绍由美国密苏里大

37、学研究者所开发的核能电池的情况。1Which of the following is TRUE of Jae Kwon?AHe teaches chemistry at MU.BHe is working on a nuclear energy source.CHe developed a chemical battery.DHe made a breakthrough in computer engineering.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy s

38、ource that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.”及第三段的叙述可知，Kwon在研究一种核能电池。故选B。2Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 _Ato introduce nuclear batteries can be safely usedBto show chemical batteries are widely appliedCto introduce various energy sourcesDto describe a nuclearpowered systemA解析：细节理解题。根据文

39、章第四段可知Kwon举例的目的是为了说明核能电池是安全性。故选A。3Liquid semiconductor is used to _Aget rid of the radioactive wasteBtest the power of nuclear batteriesCreduce the damage to lattice structureDdecrease the size of nuclear batteriesC解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) o

40、f the solid semiconductor，”及“By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”可知，通过使用液态半导体材料，可减少对晶体结构的破坏。故选C。BBrazil Enjoys CarnivalYou may have heard the music and dancing from the other side of the world when Carnival took place in Rio, Brazil. In the middle or late Februa

41、ry, the festival officially began, lasting about three days. So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world?Carnival is a crazy sixday celebration that happens around 40 days before the Christian Easter Festival. It happens at the hottest time in summer

42、in Rio and marks the time before the start of Lent, a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like. Those who take part in Carnival make the most of this opportunity to have fun by enjoying themselves as much as possible. They dance, wear colorful costumes and have a great tim

43、e.Carnival time has a soundtrack(声带) of samba music, a type of music that is completely Brazilian. During Carnival, the 14 best samba schools in Rio are each given the chance to show off their music and dancing, joined by 200 to 400 drummers(鼓手)And its not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds. A

44、ccording to Lonely Planet, some of the schools are “open to travelers who may be passing through town and are prepared to practice for weeks, learning a song, buying a brightlycolored costume and wearing it in front of tens of thousands of people”At the end, judges decide who brings the best dance m

45、oves, looks, words and heart to Carnival. And the winner is the pride of Brazil.Overall, Carnival is about having a good time. Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.Would you like to go to Carnival in the future? Will you try to find wa

46、ys to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life? The party seems to get bigger, better, and more colorful every year.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了巴西狂欢节的相关情况。4What can we learn about Rio Carnival from the passage?AIt has the longest history of any carnival.BIt takes place about 40 days after Easte

47、r.CIt begins during the coldest days in winter.DIt is a festival celebrated by both locals and travelers.D解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的“So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world？”和第四段第一句中的“its not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds”可知，选D。5According to the p

48、assage, Lent is a time when_AChristians start to have funBChristians stay with their familiesCChristians cant do things they enjoyDChristians take part in religious activities every dayC解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“Lent，a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like”可知，选C。6We can conclude

49、from the passage that during Rio Carnival，_Athe best schools in Brazil focus on creating new dances and musicBpeople fully enjoy the music and parties on the streetsCmany locals start to learn about samba music and dancingDa competition is held to find the strangest costumesB解析：细节理解题。从第六段中的“Millions

50、 of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.”可知，选B。7Which of the following aspects of Carnival are mentioned in the article?aits origins Bits spirit cits celebrations Dits rulesAa，b Bb，c Cb，d Dc，dB解析：细节理解题。根据文中提到的各种庆典活动和最后一段中的“Will you try to find wa

51、ys to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life？”可知，选B。 短文改错On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of interested things to celebrate Mothers Day.At the beginning of the activity，they organize a competition in which the one who made the most meaningful gift would win.

52、Apart from it，students wrote letters to express thank to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When hear “I love you”，parents looked at to their children mildly.They were deep moved，most of them were with tears in their eyes.This wonderful activity gives them the great opportunity to care ab

53、out our parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it.答案：On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of things to celebrate Mothers Day.At thebeginning of the activity，they a competition in which the one who made the most

54、 meaningful gift would win.Apart from it，students wrote letters to express to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When “I love you”，parents looked at their children mildly.They were moved，most of were with tears in their eyes.This wonderful activity gives them great opportunity to care abo

55、ut parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it. 书面表达请以“Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit”为题写一篇短文。内容要点如下：1报纸是重要传媒(media)，看报能获得国内最新消息2报纸能丰富我们的生活，上面有3对我们学英语的人来说，看类似中国日报这样的英文报纸，注意：词数100左右。Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit_One poss

56、ible version：Reading Newspapers Is a Good HabitNewspapers are important media. They can provide all kinds of latest news from both at home and abroad, which can help us understand the world better.Newspapers can also make our life rich. In newspapers, we can read stories about a variety of people，an

57、d find weather reports, introductions to new books, advertisements on travelling and so on.As English learners, reading newspapers in English, such as China Daily, is one of the best ways to improve our English. There are many words, phrases and structures for us to learn. And whats more, we can acquire abundant knowledge of history, culture and society.