2019-2020学年外研版英语必修三同步讲义：MODULE 4 SANDSTORMS IN ASIA 3 SECTION Ⅲ　INTEGRATING SKILLS .doc

1、Section Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner,重点单词写作词汇1.atmosphere n大气；大气层2.environment n. 环境3.recycle v. 重新利用；再循环4.evidence n根据；证明5.urgent adj. 紧急的6.absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地拓展词汇7.pollution n污染pollute vt.污染8.concerned adj.关心的；担心的concern n&v.关心，担心；影响，涉及9.major_ adj.主要的；多数的majority n大多数，多数plain vi.抱怨；发牢

2、骚complaint n抱怨11.protection n保护protect v保护阅读词汇12.carbon n 碳13.dioxide n. 二氧化物14.chemical n. 化学药品15.garbage n. 废料；垃圾16.melt vi.融化17.coastal adj. 沿海的18.nutshell n. 坚果壳；简单的一句话19.scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的重点短语1.have_a_bad_effect_on 对有坏影响2.take_in 吸收3.give_out 放出；发出4.in_a_nutshell简言之；概括地讲5.take_away 带走；运走6.look_

3、through 浏览重点句型1.否定词比较级最高级：I couldnt_agree_with_you_more(非常同意你的观点).2.if possible(if it is possible)如果可能的话：The garbage is then taken away and, if_possible(如果可能的话), recycled.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.1Which of the following statements is NOT true according

4、 to the passage?AAll the countries in the world look after the environment well.BEuropean countries usually work hard to improve the environment.CIn Germany, people put different garbage into different bags.DIn many countries of Europe, people arent allowed to burn too much coal.2The “Green” movemen

5、t aims at _Aimproving the living conditionsBputting different garbage into different bagsCcalling for people to burn little coalDgetting governments to think about the environment and look after it3Which kind of garbage cant be put into the bags?APaper.BPlastic.CAerosol cans.DNewspapers.4How did the

6、 “Green” movement deal with the industry?ABy warning them not to produce pollution.BBy getting people to put different garbage into different bags.CBy collecting information and telling it to the public.DBy collecting newspapers about the industry.答案：14.ADCC,the Green Movement绿色运动be better than比好at在

7、此处表示“在方面”。look after照顾，看管put.into.把放到里take away带走allow vt.允许，许可in the 1970s 在20世纪70年代，注意勿遗漏其中的定冠词，the 1970s也可用the 1970s表示。spread v传播，散播；铺开(过去式、过去分词皆为spread)all over整个，遍及try to do竭力去做try doing试着去做get.to do使去做get为使役动词，动词不定式作宾补，不能省略to。The Green MovementSome countries are better thanothers atlooking aft

8、erthe environment.In Europe，Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve the environment.People in countries such as Germany put their garbage intodifferent bagspaper in one bag，plastic in another bag，etc.The garbage is then taken awayand，if possible，recycledCFCs(chlorofluro

9、carbons)，chemicals which are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans，are not allowed.There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coalif possible在此处为if it is possible的省略。recycled在此处为过去分词，与前面的is构成谓语结构。which are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans是which引导的定语从句，修饰chemicals，which在从句中作主语，

10、不可省略。that do not allow people to burn too much coal是that引导的定语从句，修饰laws，that在从句中作主语，不可省略。In the 1970s，as people learnt more about environmental problems，the“Green”movement began and soon spreadall overEurope.The“Green” movement tries to getgovernments to thinkseriously about the environment and how t

11、o look after it.It collects information about how industry is damaging the environment and gives this information to newspapers.as people learnt more about.是as引导的原因状语从句。绿色运动一些国家比别的国家更善于保护环境。在欧洲，德国和北欧的国家非常努力地去改善环境。例如，在德国，人们把垃圾放到不同的袋子里纸张放到一个袋子里，塑料放到另一个袋子里等。然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，再被回收利用。CFCS(含氯氟烃)是一些存在于冰箱和喷雾罐中

12、的化学物质，是被禁止的。法律规定不允许人们烧太多的煤。在20世纪70年代，因为人们了解了更多的环境问题，“绿色”运动开始了，而且很快遍及整个欧洲。“绿色”运动尽力让政府认真地考虑环境问题以及如何保护环境。它收集关于工业正在如何破坏环境的信息，并将其发布到报纸上。, have an effect on/upon.对有影响(教材P35)to have a bad effect on someone or something对某人或某物有坏影响(1)have an influence on对有影响(2)bring/put.into effect 实施；使生效come into effect 开始生效

13、；开始 实施 (四川卷)Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.全球变暖正在对世界上数百种动植物物种产生重大影响。An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character.不快乐的童年可能会对一个人的性格产生负面影响。即学即练单句语法填空The new law has come into effect, which will surely have a

14、n effect on the industry of the country.The number of people who run the red light has been on the decrease since the police brought the new traffic regulations into effect. (教材P35)Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.树吸收二氧化碳并放出氧气。一词多义写出下列句中take in的含义(湖北卷)It was several minutes before I

15、took in what he was saying.理解(朗文辞典)Dont be taken in by products claiming to help to lose weight in a week.欺骗Its good to stand on the top of the hill and take in a breath of fresh air.吸入take off起飞；(事业)成功；脱下；请假take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接收，接管take up 占据；开始从事即学即练单句语法填空We now live in a world in which robo

16、ts take over much of the work.A good deal of my time is taken up with driving the children to soccer games.(2019北京东城区高一月考)Their flight has been put off due to the bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take off(陕西卷)Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect t

17、hemselves. give out发出(光、热、声音、气体等)；分发；发表；用完；发布；筋疲力尽(教材P35)Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.树吸收二氧化碳并放出氧气。一词多义写出下列句中give out的含义Just as I approached the town, my legs finally gave out.筋疲力尽He plans to stay there until his money gives out.用完；耗尽The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.

18、发出He has refused to give out any information on the matter.宣布；发布give in让步；投降；上交give away 赠送；泄露；出卖give up 投降；放弃give off 释放出；发出(气味、热、光)即学即练单句语法填空(2018天津卷)At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.He said he hadnt told her, bu

19、t his expression gave him awaygive out表示“耗尽，用光”时，与run out相同，都是不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，不能用于被动语态。run out of和use up表示“用完，耗尽”时，为及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。巧学活用选词填空(run out/run out of/give out/use up)We had just reached the motorway when the petrol ran_out/gave_outThey ran_out_of/used_up money and had to abandon the project.

20、After three hours climbing the mountain, her patience was used_up concernedadj.关心的；担心的(教材P36)I cant help but feel very concerned.我禁不住感到非常担忧。(1) be concerned about/for.为担心/关心be concerned with/in. 与有关as/so far as.be concerned 就而言(2)concern n. U担心；关切C关心的人(或)事vt. 涉及，参与；(使)担忧show concern about/for 对表示关心/

21、担心After being told her son was lost, a concerned look appeared on her face.被告知她的儿子失踪后，她脸上出现了担心的表情。He was concerned that he might fail in the exam.他担心他可能会考试不及格。即学即练单句语法填空My English teacher showed great concern about/for me and I felt very warm.a.He asked several questions concerning(concern) the futu

22、re of the company. bHe asked several questions concerned(concern) with the future of the company.As far as I am_concerned(concern), educators should be concerned about the problems that are concerned with the healthy growth of the children.concerned 用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning 用

23、作介词时意为“关于；对于”。 complainvi.抱怨；发牢骚(教材P36)He does nothing but complain.他除了抱怨什么事也没做。(1)complain to sb.of/about sth.向某人抱怨某事complain (to sb.) that. 抱怨(2)complaint n. 抱怨；牢骚；投诉(江西卷)Mother always complains that children wear out their shoes very quickly.母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋子穿烂了。(2018江苏卷)Mom complained a lot, and s

24、aid that despite its high ratings, the food was not to our taste.妈妈老是抱怨，说尽管这家饭店的评级很高，但饭菜并不合我们的口味。即学即练单句语法填空Its no use complaining(complain) about the heavy air pollution without taking action.He complained to me of/about the bad weather he had while travelling there, from which I guessed that he mus

25、t have had a very unpleasant journey.Customers have the right to make a complaint(complain) about the poor service they plain的后面不能直接跟sb.作宾语，要加介词to。类似的词还有explain, mention, reply, appreciate, occur等。 (教材P40)Look through magazines to find pictures that you can stick on your poster, for example, picture

26、s of people planting trees.浏览一下杂志，看看有没有你能贴到海报上的图片，例如，人们种植树木的图片。look after照顾；照看look out(for) 当心look up 查阅look forward to 期盼look down on/upon 轻视，看不起You should look through your paper before handing it in.交试卷之前你必须仔细检查一下。Would you please look through the paper for me and see if there are any mistakes?你可

27、以帮我浏览一下这篇论文，看看是否有一些错误吗？即学即练单句语法填空If there are words you do not understand，look them up in a dictionary.Its wrong of you to look down upon/on the poor.This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes. 否定词比较级最高级(教材P36)I couldnt agree with you more./It couldnt be worse.我非常同意你的观点。/再

28、糟不过了。这两个句式都是比较级与否定词(not, never)连用表示最高级的意思，意为“非常；再没有比更的了”。与此句含义相同的其他表达法还有： (1)cant/couldnt.tooadj./adv.无论都不为过(2)cant/couldnt.adj./adv.enough 无论都不为过/都不过分What do you think of your new project?你觉得你的新项目怎么样？It couldnt be worse.糟糕透了。You cant find a better hotel than mine.你再也找不到比我这旅馆更好的了。即学即练单句语法填空What a wo

29、nderful novel! I have never read a more_moving(move) one.How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better(good) voice.链接写作句型转换You cant be too patient with your sick mother.You cant be_patient_enough_with your sick mother.I have found this picnic is the most interesting.I have never found a mor

30、e_interesting picnic than this one. if possible(if it is possible)如果可能的语 (教材P39)The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，再被回收利用。本句中的if possible是省略语，表示“如果可能的话”，完整的形式为：if it is possible。(1)在if, when, while, once, whether, unless等引导的状语从句中，如果含有系动词be的某种形式，从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的

31、主语是it时，从句的主语和系动词be可以省略。(2)其他含if的省略结构： if any如果有的话if necessary 如果需要的话if so 如果是这样的话if ever 如果曾经有的话if not 不这样的话I will go to Beijing this week and, if possible, Ill take my parents.这个星期我要去北京，如果可能的话，我要带着我的父母一块去。If possible, try to go to bed early every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天早点上床睡觉。即学即练单句语法填空a.If necessary, you

32、can turn to me for help at any time.bIt is said that she was admitted to a famous university. If so,_Im really proud of her.a.He was knocked down while crossing(cross) the street.bI wont go to the party unless invited(invite)链接写作句式升级(省略句)(普通表达)Ill go if you are going. If you arent going，Id rather st

33、ay at home.(高级表达)Ill go if you are going. If_not，Id rather stay at home.(普通表达)Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.(高级表达)Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if_any 品句填词1Some parents complained(抱怨) that their children are busy with heavy homework.2She hasnt

34、 been seen for days and we are concerned(担心) for her safety.3An unhappy home environment(环境) can affect a childs behavior.4The shady trees provide protection(保护) against the burning rays of the sun.5We should pay more attention to the pollution of the atmosphere(大气)6The major(主要的) problem we face is

35、 that we have no money now.7There wasnt enough evidence(证据) to prove him guilty.8We have a(n) urgent(紧急的) need for help. We are running out of food. 单句改错1Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes, if is possible, Im going to travel abroad.去掉is2What about going out for a walk after

36、 supper?I couldnt agree much. Shall we ask Betty to go with us？muchmore3As far as I am concerning, what he said is not true at all.concerningconcerned4He didnt like the meal so he complained the manager of the plained后加to5What is the most frightened experience youve had？frightenedfrightening 课文语篇改错S

37、ome countries are better than others in looking after the environment. In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve an environment. People in countries such as Germany put their garbages into different bagspaper in one bag, plastic in other bag, etc.The garbage is

38、 then taken away and, if possible, recycles. There are laws that do not allow people to burn too many coal.In the 1970s, as people learnt more environmental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon was spread all over Europe. The “Green” movement tries to get governments to think serious about

39、the environment and however to look after it.答案：Some countries are better than others looking after the environment. In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve environment. People in countries such as Germany put their into different bagspaper in one bag, plasti

40、c in bag, etc.The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, .There are laws that do not allow people to burn too coal.In the 1970s, as people learnt more environmental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon spread all over Europe. The “Green” movement tries to get governments to think abou

41、t the environment and to look after it. 单句语法填空1Concerned(concern) about Lucy, the teacher called her parents to find out why she was so often absent from class.2He did nothing but complain(complaint) to me about the food and the service of the restaurant.3(2019大连二十四中高一月考)The conference has been held

42、 to discuss the effects of tourism on the wildlife in the area.4The projects aim is to clean up polluted(pollute) areas in the world.5It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. If so,_wed better take it to the garage(汽修厂) immediately.6Did you take in the speech the visiting scholar made

43、 yesterday?Not really. He spoke with an Australian accent(口音) and a bit too fast for me.7There is no greater (great) love than that given by parents in the world.8Often I look through the newspaper before my breakfast. What about you, Tom?9Remember to bring clothes that provide protection(protect) a

44、gainst the wind and rain.10The situation is so urgent(urge) that we must find an effective way to solve the problem right now. 阅读理解Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they

45、 are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.The average temperature in a city of a million or more pe

46、ople can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cool

47、er. As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt(沥青). It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowerin

48、g temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma(哮喘) and other breathing problems. Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will a

49、lso need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftopsat least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees.

50、LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.“This is an urgent challenge, and its much bigger than one person，”said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”【解题导语】文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念，然后说明热岛效应带来的危

51、害。1Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect? APlanting more trees in the streets. BCovering the streets with white paint. CApplying reflective paint on rooftops. DFurnishing every house with air conditioners. D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容以及倒数第二段第二句 Angelinos will also need to plant

52、more trees and apply white paint to rooftops 可知，多植树，把道路刷成白色，以及给屋顶粉刷具有反射性的颜料，这些都是缓解热岛效应的措施，因此A、B和C项均不符合题意。D项意为“给每座房子装空调”，会加重热岛效应， 符合题意。2What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer? AHow to make the city cooler. BWhere to wear a white shirt. CWhy to coat the roads with black paint. DWhe

53、n to cut off the electricity supply. A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，热岛效应导致市区的温度比郊区高五度，而这会给人们的健康带来致命的危险，因此政府人员在炎热夏季的主要任务就是让城市的温度降下来，因此A项符合题意。3What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal? AIncreasing the indoor activities. BPromoting the sale of air conditioners. CMaking life easier and more comforta

54、ble. DReducing the number of cold days. C解析：根据文章第三段第一句 As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt(沥青)和第三句 And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. 可知， 把洛

55、杉矶的马路涂上一层冷却面， 即一种灰色的油漆， 可以降低温度并改善空气质量。从而使人们的生活更加轻松舒适。故选C。4Whats the main idea of the passage? ALA adopted many approaches to fight against the heat. BLA calls on people to fight against global warming. CMore and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets. DLA is painting its streets white to

56、 keep the city cool. D解析：主旨大意题。文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念， 然后说明热岛效应带来的危害， 最后也是文章的中心内容， 介绍了洛杉矶为了降温给城市采取的措施把街道刷成白色， 因此D项符合题意。 完形填空Recently, my family and I visited Kaikoura, a coastal town in New Zealand. The first evening it seemed a _1_place, but the next day I remembered what Id_2_about it in a magazinethat i

57、t was often_3_to see dolphins(海豚) and whales there!My family and I_4_on a gray, windy morning on a small boat. _5_， the sky turned blue ten minutes later. Soon we_6_the place where we were supposed to go swimming. To my_7_， this was more than 40 km from land. I was quite_8_by this time, and wondered

58、 why we came all the way out there, when_9_someone shouted “Dolphins！”All I could_10_were fins(鱼鳍) everywherethere were about one hundred dolphins, all_11_towards our boat! Many of them were jumping around in the water_12_they were asking us to come and play. I_13_my snorkel(潜水通气管) and jumped into t

59、he sea. Then I tried to make _14_in the water to attract them. What made me_15_ was that they heard me and came to swim around me. Amazingly, a dolphin kept following me, but then changed his_16_and swam in another direction. It really made me realize how_17_these animals are.About an hour later, it

60、 was time for us to get back onto the_18_. I really enjoyed myself, but I was a little cold and_19_to leave the water. I noticed that everyone on board was smiling and I realized what a very_20_moment wed had.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己和海豚一起游泳的经历。1A.busyBboringCsafeDgreatB解析：由下文的see dolphins(海豚) and wh

61、ales there可知，这里是说：第一天晚上这里看起来是一个“无聊的(boring)”地方。2A.readBsungCtaughtDdrawnA解析：由该空后的in a magazine可知，“我”想起了在一本杂志中所“读(read)”到的。3A.impoliteBterribleCdifficultDpossibleD解析：由下文作者讲述自己和海豚一起游泳的经历可知，这里是说：在那里经常“有可能(possible)”看到海豚和鲸鱼。4A.gave upBturned backCset offDdressed upC解析：由下文相关内容可知，作者和家人一起“出发(set off)”去看海豚了

62、。5A.BesidesBHoweverCOn the wholeDIn other wordsB解析：由该空前的a gray, windy morning和空后的the sky turned blue ten minutes later可知，这里是转折关系，故填However。6A.reachedBleftCcrossedDmissedA解析：由该空后的where we were supposed to go swimming可知，我们要在这里游泳，所以这里是说：我们“到达(reached)”了这个地方。7A.joyBregretCshameDsurpriseD解析：由该空后的this was

63、 more than 40 km from land可知，我们要游泳的地方离岸边有40多公里远，这让“我”感到十分“惊讶(surprise)”。8A.shyBwetCcoldDhungryC解析：由上文的windy morning可知，这时“我”感到很“冷(cold)”。下文的I was a little cold也是提示。9A.secretlyBsuddenlyCcertainlyDnaturallyB解析：由该空前的I.wondered why和空后的someone shouted “Dolphins！”可知，正当“我”在想为什么我们要大老远跑到这里来的时候，“突然(suddenly)”有

64、人喊：“海豚！”。10A.seeBhearCsmellDtouchA解析：由该空后的fins(鱼鳍)everywherethere were about one hundred dolphins可知，“我”“看见(see)”到处都是鱼鳍。11A.wavingBclimbingClookingDswimmingD解析：由该空前的dolphins可知，这里是说：海豚都朝着我们的船“游(swimming)”过来。12A.even ifBso thatCas ifDnow thatC解析：好多海豚在水中跳来跳去“好像(as if)”是在邀请我们一起来玩。13A.soldBput onClostDpic

65、ked offB解析：由下文中的jumped into the sea可知，“我”“戴上(put on)”潜水通气管，然后跳入了海里。14A.soundsBfacesCdecisionsDpromisesA解析：由下句中的they heard me可知，“我”试图通过发出“声音(sounds)”来吸引它们。15A.angryBrelaxedCworriedDexcitedD解析：由该空后的they heard me and came to swim around me可知，这让“我”十分“兴奋(excited)”。16A.lifeBfoodCmindDhabitC解析：由该空后的swam in

66、 another direction可知，这只海豚改变了主意，朝着另一个方向游走了。change ones mind表示“改变主意”。17A.lazyBdangerousCpowerfulDintelligentD解析：海豚听到作者发出的声音后，都游了过来，还有一只一直跟着作者， 这让作者觉得这些动物都非常“聪明(intelligent)”。18A.busBboatCtrainDtruckB解析：上文的a small boat是提示。19A.decidedBforgotCdisagreedDfailedA解析：由该空前的I was a little cold可知，“我”感到有些冷，所以“决定(decided)”从水中出来。20A.badBstrangeCspecialDquietC解析：作者认为和海豚一起游泳让他们度过了非常“特别的(special)”一刻。