2019-2020学年外研版英语必修五培优教程练习：MODULE 1 BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH SECTION Ⅲ WORD版含答案.doc

1、Section Integrating Skills and Writing课前自主预习单词识记1.rapidly (adv.) 迅速地2announcement (n.) 声明；宣告3edition (n.) (广播、电视节目的)期；版4cute (adj.) 逗人喜爱的5add (vt.) 加；增加6present (vt.) 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)7attempt (n.) 努力；尝试8simplify (vt.) 简化9combination (n.) 组合；结合10distinctive (adj.) 与众不同的11look (n.) 外观；外表；样子12criticise (v

2、t.) 批评13standard (adj.) 标准的14reference (n.) 参考；查阅短语完形1.in favour of 同意；支持2refer to . as . 称为3thanks to 幸亏，多亏；由于4wear off 逐渐消失5get used_to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事6make a fuss of sth. 对过于注意7pick up 拾起；学会8belong to 属于9get on/along with . 与相处；进展10so far 迄今为止句型背诵1.原句背诵：Im getting on just fine, now_that I u

3、nderstand the local accent.(P7)由于我懂得了当地方言，所以一切都很顺利。仿写背诵：_， why not stay here for dinner?既然你来了，为什么不留下吃晚饭呢？答案：Now that you are here2原句背诵：In English the spelling of words does not_always represent the sound.(P9)在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音。仿写背诵：Silence is _ a sign of wisdom.沉默少言并不总是智慧的象征。答案：not always3原句背诵：By t

4、he 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making_it_one_of_the_most_popular_school_books_ever.(P9)到19世纪50年代，这本书每年售出一百万册，这使它成为有史以来最受欢迎的校园用书之一。仿写背诵：European football is played in 80 countries，_.有80个国家踢欧式足球，这使得它成为世界上最流行的体育活动。答案：making it the most popular sport in the world语篇理解Read the passage

5、“The Man Who Made Spelling Simple” and choose the best answers.1Which of the following can replace the word “represent” in the first paragraph?AStand for. BPresent.CTake. DUse.答案：A2What can we know about Noah Webster in the text?AHe taught in Yale University in 1788.BHe once worked as a lawyer.CHe f

6、ought against the British in the American War of Independence.DHe was popular among the British.答案：C3Which one is NOT the reason for writing an American dictionary?AIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.BSome British words have too many letters.CWebster thought the new

7、ly independent United States should have a distinctive “American” look.DThe British dictionaries are not good.答案：D简化拼写的人在英语中单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音。所以人们说/raIt/，但是拼写成right或write，甚至rite。字母的组合(如ough)可能有很多发音方式，并且一些单词看上去有太多的字母。对美国人来说，事情(单词拼写)就稍微容易些，这多亏了诺亚韦伯斯特，他1778年毕业于耶鲁大学，是一位教师。年轻时，他就参加过反对英国的美国独立战争，并且他感觉书面英语在新独立

8、的美国应该有明显的“美国”特色。因此他开始了美国英语的工作。他的第一本书，The Elementary Spelling Book，建议简化英语单词的拼写。这本书非常受欢迎。到19世纪50年代，这本书每年售出一百万册，这使它成为有史以来最受欢迎的校园用书之一。许多建议很快被采纳了。center代替了centre, program代替了programme, flavor代替了flavour。然而，其他的，例如去掉island中不发音的字母s和examine中的最后一个字母e，则没有被采纳。韦伯斯特最出名的是他的American Dictionary of the English Language

9、，这本词典在1828年首次出版。书中引进大量新的美式单词，且带有它们的发音和用法，当然也有新的拼写方式。英国人批评此词典，但是在美国却很快成为标准的参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典对于美国学生来说依然是头号重要的词典。课堂合作探究破解重点词汇Add 5 and 5 to make 10.5加5得10。Many words have been added to this edition of the dictionary.本词典的这一版里新增加了很多词。The house has been added to from time to time.这座房子一次又一次地扩建。Add all the sco

10、res up and well see who won.把所有的得分加起来，我们就可以看出谁赢了。His business expenses add up to around $4,000 a year.他生意上的开销每年总计大约4,000美元。拓展归纳add . to . 在中加上add to 增加，加强；增添add up 加起来add up to 总计，总共有【即景活用】单句写作请往汤里再添些水。Please _ some more water _ the soup.恶劣的天气更增加了我们的困难。The bad weather only _ our difficulty.她每年花在书上的钱

11、加起来有1,000美元。The money she spends on books _ 1,000 dollars a year.答案：add; toadded toadds up toPlease allow me to present my apologies.请允许我致歉。They presented a bunch of flowers to him.他们献给他一束鲜花。Im afraid I cant help you just at present; Im too busy.很抱歉，我现在帮不了你我太忙了。The people present at the party were p

12、resented with a book on the present fashion as a present.出席晚会的人们都被赠给一本关于目前时尚的书作为礼物。拓展归纳名师点津present当表示“出席的，在场的”，常置于表示人的名词之后作定语，其反义词为absent(缺席的)；当表示“现在的”，常置于名词前作定语。【即景活用】单句语法填空All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ (present) information in a more effective (有效的) way.There were 200 peopl

13、e present _ the meeting._ present, he is on holiday.答案：to presentatAtIm in favour of equal pay for equal work.我赞成同工同酬。In their discussion, I was in favour of Mr Li.在他们的讨论中，我支持李先生。拓展归纳in sb.s favour 有利于某人do sb. a favourdo a favour for sb. 给某人恩惠；帮某人的忙；为某人尽力I cant reach the glass. Can you do me a favou

14、r?我够不到那个杯子。你能帮我一个忙吗？【即景活用】单句语法填空Bob made good grades in high school, and that was in _ (he) favour when he looked for a job.答案：hisThe teacher is often referred to as the engineer of human soul.教师常被称为人类灵魂的工程师。He referred to his father as his best friend.他称他父亲为他最好的朋友。拓展归纳refer to 提到，谈到；参考，查阅refer . to

15、 . 把提交给reference n. 参考，查阅Meeting new words, you can refer to a dictionary.遇到新单词，你可以查阅词典。The bill was referred to the Parliament.这个议案被提交给了议会。You can buy a new dictionary for reference.你可以买一本词典供查阅。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空In his speech he _ (refer) to the great help our country received from the supporters of t

16、he world.答案：referred(2)选词填空(refer to/look up)He enjoyed being _ as captain.He gave the speech without _ his notes.You can _ this word in the dictionary.答案：referred toreferring tolook upHe didnt pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.他虽然没有通过考试，但这是一次很好的尝试。Many young people in England choose to get m

17、arried in winter, making an attempt to save money.在英国很多年轻人选择在冬天结婚，试图省钱。I passed my driving test at my first attempt.我的驾照考试一次就通过了。The second question was so difficult that I didnt even attempt it.第二道题太难了，我甚至没有尝试去回答。He attempted to leave but was stopped.他试图离开但被阻止了。拓展归纳 尝试(试图)做某事at ones first attempt某人

18、第一次尝试attempted adj. 未遂的【即景活用】单句语法填空A man is being questioned in relation to the _ (attempt) murder last night.I attempted _ (speak) but was told to be quiet.答案：attemptedto speakSome ski resorts opened early, thanks to a lateOctober snowstorm.一些滑雪胜地提前开放了，这多亏十月末的一场暴风雪。due to用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中多作表语，

19、有时作状语owing to可以和due to换用，但在句中多作状语，也可作表语because of多用于表示事情的原因或理由，在句中通常作状语thanks to突出一种感激之情，含“多亏”意味His success was largely due to luck.他的成功主要靠运气。He arrived late due/owing to the storm.由于暴风雨他来晚了。Because of the accident he didnt go there.因为事故他没有去那儿。【即景活用】单句写作多亏了中国共产党的正确领导，现在中国人民才能享有平等的权利，过上和平安定的生活。_ the

20、right leading of the CPC, all the Chinese people can enjoy equal rights and a peaceful life now.幸亏你及时帮忙，我们才按时完成了任务。It was _ to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类快速灭绝。Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing _ of the severe pollution.答案：Thanks tothanksbecause掌握难句解析

21、1In English the spelling of words does not_always represent the sound.(P9)在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音。not always表示部分否定。英语中一些表示“全体，完全”意义的词(如all, every, everybody, everything, both, always等)与否定副词never/not连用表示部分否定。Not all the students went to the cinema.不是所有的学生都去看电影了。名师点津(1)否定词和表示整体意义的词连用表示部分否定。Im not complete

22、ly satisfied.我并不很满意。(2)否定词和表示个体的词连用表示全部否定。There was not one single person in the dark street.黑暗的大街上一个人也没有。【即景活用】单句写作你说的我大部分都同意，但我不是什么都同意。I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.这部小说很值得读，但并非所有学生都读过。The novel is well worth _， but _ the students have read it.答案：everythingreading; no

23、t all2By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making_it_one_of_the_most_popular_school_books_ever.(P9)到19世纪50年代，这本书每年售出一百万册，这使它成为有史以来最受欢迎的校园用书之一。The bus was held up by the heavy rain, thus causing the delay.公共汽车被大雨阻住，因此导致了延误。名师点津v.ing形式通常表示顺其自然的结果，动词不定式表示意外的结果。She hurried to his house

24、, only to find him out.她匆匆忙忙赶到他家，结果发现他不在家。【即景活用】单句写作鲍勃迪伦获得了2016年诺贝尔文学奖，使得他成为首个赢得此项殊荣的歌曲创作者。Bob Dylan has won the 2016 Nobel Prize in literature, _ the prestigious award.她匆忙赶往银行，结果发现那里关门了。She hurried to the bank，_.答案：making him the first songwriter to winonly to find it closed课堂总结演练单词拼写1The governmen

25、t has been _ (批评) for not taking the problem seriously.答案：criticised2They _ (尝试) to finish the work within a month last year.答案：attempted3I went to the bookstore yesterday and bought a _ (参考) book.答案：reference4Her _(与众不同的) character makes it difficult for her to communicate with other singers.答案：dis

26、tinctive5The _(联合) of the north and the south increased the power of the nation.答案：combination单句语法填空1She suggested _ (put) the meeting off, for we havent got fully prepared for it.答案：putting2He _ (attempt) to escape from the prison, but he couldnt find anybody to help him.答案：attempted3Thanks _ carry

27、ing out the reform and openingup policy, China is becoming more and more powerful.答案：to4The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ (refer) to his notes.答案：referring5Mum objected to my plan of traveling while Dad spoke _favour of it.答案：in单句改错1The book referring to at the

28、 meeting by Professor White is written by his father._答案：referringreferred2The president said he was satisfied with his trip, add that he enjoyed his stay here._答案：addadding3Could you do my a favour and turn off the light?_答案：myme4Ms Hellman is busy present; can you ring later?_答案：present前加at5The ca

29、r was caught in a traffic jam, thus cause the delay._答案：causecausing演练通关提升夯实基础知识单词拼写1_ (比较) with last year, the production has increased by 23% this year.答案：Compared2Now there are more _ (种类) of English than before.答案：varieties3Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the _ (迅速地) changing

30、 conditions.答案：rapidly4Hello, everyone. Welcome to watch todays _ (期) of Sports.答案：edition5After that the ideas of each group are _ (陈述) in favour of their team.答案：presented6It was Noah Webster that s_ the spelling of English.答案：simplified7He stood up and a_ that he was thankful to us for our help.答

31、案：added8Webster insisted that American English should have a d_ look.答案：distinctive9The British c_ Noah Websters dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States.答案：criticised10The chairman is making an important a_ now.答案：announcement选词填空thanks to, add . to, now that, refer

32、 to, in favour of1A new wing was _ the building.答案：added to2Personally speaking, Im _ the scheme.答案：in favour of3_ the new policy, we are having a happy life.答案：Thanks to4She never _ her elder sister in her letters.答案：refers to5_ you have come, youd better sit down and have a rest.答案：Now that单句语法填空1

33、_ (thank) to our Partys policy, the economic situation of our country has already turned out much better than before.答案：Thanks2ShangriLa attracts tens of thousands of tourists every day due to its fascinating and _ (distinct) scenery.答案：distinctive3The point that you make here is very complicated, a

34、nd I hope you can _ (simple) it.答案：simplify4They attempted _ (deal) with the problem.答案：to deal5He has been criticised _ incompetence.答案：for6_ you are familiar with the authors ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.答案：Now that7Everyone Ive talked to is _ favour of raising taxes

35、on tobacco.答案：in8My demand is that the information _(refer) to in my report be emailed to Mr Brown without delay.答案：referred9The woman walked into the room and picked _ the baby.答案：up10Mr Smith _ (present) with a watch by the boss for his years of hard work.答案：was presented单句写作1多亏了他的忠告，我成功地完成了任务。It

36、was _ that I succeeded in finishing the task.答案：thanks to his advice2既然已完成了工作，你就应该好好休息一下。You ought to have a good rest _ youve finished the work.答案：now that3很明显，生活并不总是一帆风顺。It is obvious that _. 答案：life is not always easy4这种药品的作用很快会逐渐消失。The effect of the drug will soon _.答案：wear off5她总是称本为“那个大好人”。She

37、 always _ Ben _ “that nice man”答案：refers to; as提升实战能力完形填空If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a _1_ reason, such as your job or your studies? _2_ perhaps youre interested in the _3_， films or music of a different country and you know how

38、 much it will help to have a _4_ of the language.Most people learn best using a variety of _5_， but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They _6_ an environment where you can practice under the _7_ of someone whos good at the language. We all lead _8_ lives and learning a la

39、nguage takes _9_. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a _10_. It doesnt matter if you havent got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes _11_.Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “Im too _12_，” they say. Ye

40、s, children do learn languages more _13_ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any _14_. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. Ive also heard people _15_ about the mistakes they make when _16_. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes _17_ youre much

41、 less likely to make them again.Learning a new language is never _18_. But with some work and devotion, youll make progress. And youll be _19_ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in _20_ own language. Good luck！篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论了成人学习外语的话题，想要学习一门语言，首先要知道自己为什么要学，然后选择

42、合适的方法，有规律地学习。学习外语不仅是孩子们的专利，任何年纪都可以学习，并且这一过程有助于大脑保持健康。我们需要明白：学习外语并非易事，但付出会有回报。1A.technical BpoliticalCpractical Dphysical答案：C根据空后的“. such as your job or your studies”可知，此处是指学习英语的实际(practical)原因，故选C项。2A.After BSoCThough DOr答案：D根据上下文语境可知，此处是指你学习外语的另一种原因，故用or连接两个并列句。3A.literature Btransport Cagriculture

43、 Dmedicine答案：A根据此处所表达的并列关系可知，与后面的films, music一致的应该是文学(literature)。4A.viewBknowledge Cform Ddatabase答案：B根据语境可知，此处是指你知道异国的文学、电影或音乐对掌握该国语言的重要性。have a knowledge of意为“掌握”，是固定短语，符合语境。5A.paintings BregulationsCmethods Dcomputers答案：C根据空后的“but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people”可知，此

44、处表示绝大多数外语学得好的人会采用不同的方法(methods)。6A.protect BchangeCrespect Dprovide答案：D联系上文内容可知，传统的课堂提供(provide)了一种学习外语的环境。7A.control Bcommand Cguidance Dpressure答案：C根据常识可知，在传统的课堂上，你是在老师的指导(guidance)下来学习外语的。8A.busy Bhappy Csimple Dnormal答案：A根据常识可知，我们的生活都很忙碌(busy)。9A.courage Btime Cenergy Dplace答案：B根据常识可知，学习外语需要花费时间

45、(time)。10A.theory Bbusiness Croutine Dproject答案：C根据空前的“. if you study regularly .”可知，此处强调学习外语要形成一种惯例(routine)。11A.some risks Ba lot less Csome notes Da lot more答案：B根据语境可知，流利地掌握一种语言需要花费多年时间。但学到过得去的程度花费的时间会少很多(a lot less)。12A.old Bnervous Cweak Dtired答案：A根据下一句中的“children do learn languages more _13_ t

46、han adults . ”可以推断出，有些人放弃学习外语的借口是：他们认为自己老了(old)。13A.closely Bquickly Cprivately Dquietly答案：B根据常识可知，孩子学习外语比成年人要快(quickly)。14A.age Bspeed Cdistance Dschool答案：A由上文语境并结合此处的but可知，该处表示在任何年纪(age)，你都可以学习外语。15A.worry Bhesitate Cthink Dquarrel答案：A根据下文可知，很多人担心(worry)自己会犯错误。16A.singing Bworking Cbargaining Dlea

47、rning答案：D根据语境可知，有些人担心自己在学习(learning)外语的过程中会犯错误。此处是时间状语从句的省略，补全为when they are learning。17A.if Band Cbut Dbefore答案：B根据“祈使句and . ”的句式结构可知，此处填and，前后间表示顺承关系。18A.tiresome Bhard Cinteresting Deasy答案：D根据语境和常识可知，此处强调学习外语从来都不是一件容易的(easy)事情。19A.blamed Bamazed Cinterrupted Dinformed答案：B根据语境可知，当用一门外语说了仅仅几句话，而以这门

48、语言为母语的一些人对你作出积极评价时，你会感到很吃惊(amazed)。20A.their Bhis Cour Dyour答案：A根据语境可知，此处表示以这门语言为母语的人，故用their。阅读理解Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how pavin

49、g (铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.Human activ

50、ity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.Thinking about the way we use water every day can ma

51、ke a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but theres a lot we can do to lower the number.You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water al

52、l day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。江河水和地下水很容易受到污染，因此，我们应该采取措施来节约用水，保护水资源。1Which of the follow

53、ing is most likely to lead to less groundwater?AUsing river water.BThrowing batteries away.CPaving parking lots.DThrowing rubbish in lakes.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，修路和建造停车场会减少地下水，故C项正确。2What can be

54、inferred from the text?AAll water shortages are due to human behavior.BIt takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.CThere is much we can do to reduce family size.DThe average family in America makes proper use of water.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“. but in any case, good management can help to make sure t

55、here is enough water to meet our basic needs”可知，我们需要采取良好的管理来确保我们的用水需求，由此推断，我们需要不断努力，来保证我们的用水需求。3The last paragraph is intended to _.Ashow us how to fix leaks at homeBtell us how to run a dishwasherCprove what drinking glass is best for usDsuggest what we do to save water at home答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其

56、是第一句可知，本段主要介绍了在家庭中节约用水的方法。4The text is mainly about _.Awhy paving roads reduces our waterBhow much we depend on water to liveCwhy droughts occur more in dry climatesDhow human activity affects our water supply答案：D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二两段介绍了人类活动对水资源的影响，第三、四两段介绍了节约用水的方法，以确保充足的水源。故本文主要是讲人类活动对水源的影响。短文改错Wit

57、h only one year to go before graduation, our class decided to plant tree not only to improve the surroundings of the school, but also to make a memory of our school life. After purchase seedlings, we chose a place that the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine. We didnt realize how hardly it

58、 was until we began our work. None of us were familiar to planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools. After many attempts, we dug holes and put seedlings into it. Then we grabbed soil fill up the holes. It was not so easy as imagined, and we successfully finished the task at the last.

59、答案：With only one year to go before graduation, our class decided to plant not only to improve the surroundings of the school, but also to make a memory of our school life. After seedlings, we chose a place the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine. We didnt realize how it was until we began

60、our work. None of us were familiar planting, and nor did we how to use gardening tools. After many attempts, we dug holes and put seedlings into . Then we grabbed soil fill up the holes. It was not so easy as imagined, we successfully finished the task at last. 难项分析：第五处：towith考查介词。句意：我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。此处be familiar with . 意为“熟悉”，为固定用法。第六处：knewknow考查动词的时态。句意参见上题。nor放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，所以助动词did在前，此处用动词原形。第九处：andbut考查连词。句意：这并不像想象的那么容易，但是我们最终成功地完成了任务。根据句意可知，此处前后为转折关系，故用连词but，表示转折。