2022届新高考英语北师大版一轮学案：第二板块 写作系列专项提能 层级（二） WORD版含答案.doc

1、高考网上阅卷，阅卷老师对卷面的第一印象很重要。一份架构合理、错落有致、像模像样的卷面很容易激起阅卷老师的兴趣；反之，一段到底、一塌糊涂、层次不清的卷面则让阅卷老师胸中满满倒胃口，哪有心情再去找要点！如何激起阅卷老师的兴趣，赢得阅卷老师的好感，本层级精设3讲，让你的习作形体规范、“美”入眼帘。第1招亮一个“凤头”激发阅卷老师的“趣”固有的、模式化的开头会让阅卷老师多读生厌、疲惫不堪，因此要想给阅卷老师留下好的第一印象，就得有一个引人入胜、新颖别致的开头，这能够激发阅卷老师的兴趣，博得好感。一、开头常见7种形式1开门见山式文章开头开门见山，用简单明了的叙述引出文章的话题，使读者了解文章要谈论什么。

2、多见于邀请信和求助信。(2020全国卷书面表达)Mr Liu, aged 58, is my English teacher. 刘老师，58岁，是我的英语老师。(2020全国卷书面表达)Im writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from our English textbook.我写信是想请您帮忙指导我们根据英语课文改编的一个短剧。2背景介绍式这类开头多用于要求就某一社会现象进行分析的书面表达。文章开头往往要交代事件或者社会现象发生的背景，比如网络投票、公共场所的不文明现象、环境保护、节约型社会建设活

3、动等。(2020全国卷书面表达) Last weekend, my classmates and I went to Xinxing Farm by bike to pick strawberries.上周末，我和我的同学骑自行车去新兴农场摘草莓。(2017浙江6月高考写作)Were going to Yandang Mountain to have an outing on July 8. We really hope that you can join us.我们将于7月8日去雁荡山郊游。我们真的希望你能加入我们。3自我介绍式自我介绍式的开头多用于与陌生人之间的通信与交流，由于双方关系陌生

4、，故需要先做一番自我介绍，比如询问信、申请信、投诉信、求助信、建议信等。(2019全国卷书面表达)My name is Li Hua, a Chinese student who is taking a summer course in London now.我叫李华，是一个正在伦敦上暑期班的中国学生。(2017全国卷书面表达)I am Li Hua, a student from your writing class. There is going to be a papercutting art exhibition in the Art Museum on Sunday.我是一名来自你的

5、写作班的学生，李华。星期天在美术馆将举行剪纸艺术展。4询问问候式询问问候式开头是一种客套语，一般用于熟人之间的交流，偶尔也可用于陌生人之间，能够给人一种亲近的感觉。(2020全国卷书面表达)How are things going with you? Im writing to you to ask for your constructive advice.你最近怎么样？我写信给你是想征求你的建设性意见。(2017全国卷书面表达)How are you doing? I am Li Hua. Im glad to tell you that the table tennis team in o

6、ur school is recruiting new players.你好吗？我是李华，我很高兴告诉你，我们学校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。5感谢来信式此类开头用于回信，开头往往是表示收到信的感受、感谢、请求建议或帮助等。(2017天津高考书面表达)Im so glad to hear from you. Im writing to tell you that everything goes well with me.我很高兴收到你的来信。我写信告诉你我一切都好。6列举事例式列举事例式的开头往往通过一个事例或现象引出相关话题，接着点明文章主题。Last night I was preparing

7、 for the coming examination when the noise from my neighbor interrupted me.昨天晚上，我正在准备即将来临的考试，这时，来自邻居的噪声打断了我。Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic, which has seriously influenced peoples daily life and economic development.现今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵，它严重地影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。7描述图

8、表式这类开头形式用于图表类书面表达，首先从描述图表所呈现的信息入手，先分析图表内容，然后正文部分再透过现象看本质。(2017江苏高考书面表达)As is indicated in the graph, the boxoffice income of Chinese films increased constantly from 2012 to 2015, but its growth, for some reasons, slowed down in 2016.正如图中所示，中国电影的票房收入从2012年到2015年一直在上升，但由于某些原因，其票房增长在2016年有所放缓。As is viv

9、idly shown in the picture, one person is asking the other to do some voluntary labour.正如图画中生动形象地显示的那样，一个人正在请另一个人做义务劳动。通过以上实例我们可以看出：不管哪一种形式的开头，总是力求做到用简洁而又清楚的语言引出文章的主题，使读者清楚文章要表达的内容。二、常考文体开头段的写法应用文的特点是开门见山，各文体常见的开头方式有：申请信Im writing to apply for the position of .Learning from ., Id like to apply for th

10、e post .示例(2019全国卷)Knowing an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held at the gallery next month, I am writing to apply for the chance to become a volunteer.咨询信Im writing to inquire/ask for some information about .示例I am writing to ask for some information about the preparation of the English co

11、ntest.感谢信Im writing to express my thanks for .Id like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for .示例(2019浙江高考) Learning that youre leaving for your country soon, Im writing to thank you for your help.建议信Im writing to express my view concerning ./to inform you of .示例(2019全国卷)Now, I am writing to inform

12、 you of some relevant details.道歉信Im writing to make an apology to you for .示例Im writing to make an apology to you for my being not able to attend the party.邀请信Im writing to invite you to .Im writing to tell you that there will be . Would you like to .?示例(2019全国卷) Since you take much interest in musi

13、c, I am writing to invite you to participate in the festival with me.通知May I have your attention, please? Recently, a/an .will be过去分词in .In order to ., all the students are welcome to .There is going to be a/an .时间地点示例(2018全国卷)May I have your attention, please? Recently, an outstanding short movie w

14、ill be shown in our campus.(2018全国卷)In order to learn more about the development of our school, all the students are welcome to watch the English short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on the history of our school. 强化落实训练根据提示翻译句子1我知道你很热心，对运动有极大的热情，所以我写信邀请你和我一起去做志愿者工作。(邀请信开头句)Knowing tha

15、t you are warmhearted and very enthusiastic about sports, Im writing to invite you to join me in the volunteer work.2(2019全国卷书面表达)我想为展览做一些志愿者工作，所以写信申请志愿者的职位。(申请信开头句)I would like to do some volunteer work for the exhibition, so Im writing to apply for the position as a volunteer.3在读了你的信后，我知道你在交友问题上有困

16、难。我写这封信的目的是给你一些建议。(建议信开头句)I know you have trouble in making friends after reading your letter. I am writing to give you some suggestions. 4收到你在市图书馆作报告的邀请我很高兴。(开门见山式)Im so glad to receive your invitation to your lecture in the city library.5上周日，我和同学们去了香山公园。(背景介绍式)Last Sunday, my classmates and I went

17、 to the Xiangshan Park.第2招凸一下“猪肚”振奋阅卷老师的“神”写作的主体内容除覆盖所有内容要点外，考生还要注意适当运用含有较高级语法结构的句式，比如强调句、倒装句、省略句、各类从句、非谓语动词等。这些结构的恰当运用，可以使文章语言丰富、内容充实，充分显示自身的写作功底。技法1一点“特殊”，彰显水平强调句、倒装句和省略句1重点突出的强调句强调句型可强调句子中除谓语动词和表语外的其他部分，如主语、宾语、状语等。强调句型的灵活运用不仅有助于增强表达效果，突出要强调的重点，更能彰显考生对英语语言表达的把控能力。其基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部

18、分。(2020全国卷书面表达)It is her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her. 是她的友好和责任感使我钦佩她。(2020全国卷书面表达)It is his rich experience and devotion to teaching that not only give us easy access to professional knowledge but most importantly shape our character.正是他丰富的经验和对教学的投入，不仅让我们容易获得

19、专业知识，更重要的是塑造了我们的性格。2平衡句子的倒装句在写作中，倒装句型应用比较广泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒装和全部倒装。(2020全国卷书面表达)Only through this activity can we really know how hard the farmers are and how precious the food is.只有通过这次活动，我们才能真正知道农民有多辛苦，粮食有多珍贵。(2020全国卷书面表达)Not only do I feel the pains the farmers take but also the happiness that labor

20、brings me.我不仅感受到了农民的辛劳，也感受到了劳动带给我的快乐。3简约但不简单的省略句状语从句的省略形式是写作中最为常用的高级句式，结构为when, while, once/if, unless, though/although等doing/done。(2020全国卷书面表达) As requested, we began to pick strawberries with caution for fear that some plants were destroyed.按照要求，我们开始小心翼翼地摘草莓，以免损坏一些植物。(2019江苏高考书面表达) Li Jiang and Su

21、 Hua dont agree on what to wear when greeting the British students.李江和苏华在迎接英国学生时穿什么没有达成一致。技法2循循善诱、娓娓道来虚拟语气和被动句式虚拟语气和被动句式可以使语气委婉，表达地道，在写作中要善于利用。(2020全国卷书面表达)Had it not been for his guidance and encouragement, I couldnt have won the first prize in the city English speech contest.如果不是他的引导和鼓励，我不可能获得城市英语

22、演讲比赛的一等奖。(2019浙江高考写作)Without your help, I would not have made such great progress in Englishlearning.如果没有你的帮助，我的英语学习就不会有这么大的进步。(2018全国卷书面表达)A brandnew stadium has been set up near the playground, becoming a new landmark of our school.操场边建起了全新的体育馆，成了我们学校的新地标。(2018浙江高考写作)Should you accept my applicati

23、on, I would spare no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.如果你能接受我的申请，我将尽一切努力让你满意。技法3三大从句，丰富表达定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对语言具有较高的掌握能力，因此建议考生一定要在写作中巧妙利用这三种从句。1实用“定”语，先声夺人定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。关系副词when, wh

24、ere, why引导的定语从句和“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句更能让阅卷老师眼前一亮。(2020北京高考书面表达) At dinner, a talk took place in my family, where my considerate father and mother put forward practical suggestions.晚餐时，我们家里有一次谈话，在谈话中我体贴的父母提出了切实可行的建议。(2019全国卷书面表达)As is known to us/As we all know, youre an experienced player, with a wo

25、nderful talent for volleyball.众所周知，你是一名经验丰富的运动员，有着令人惊叹的排球天赋。2花样翻新，内涵丰富名词性从句名词性从句是写作中常用的高级表达，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(2020全国卷书面表达) Mr Liu is a very respectable teacher indeed! I do thank him for what he did for me.刘老师确实是一位值得尊敬的老师！我确实感谢他为我所做的一切。(2018北京高考书面表达)That is why I suggest you apply for Beijing

26、University, one of the best universities in China.那就是为什么我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。3巧用“状”从，文采斐然状语从句状语从句主要包括时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较、方式、目的和结果九类从句。(2019江苏高考书面表达)Secondly, the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese culture.其次，如果我们的目的是分享中国文化，那么不便不是问题。(2019全国卷书面表达)Because I know you are int

27、erested in classical music, I want to invite you.因为我知道你对古典音乐感兴趣，所以我想邀请你。(2017全国卷书面表达)Furthermore, whenever you meet with some puzzling questions, dont hesitate to turn to me.此外，每当你遇到一些令人困惑的问题时，请不要犹豫向我寻求帮助。技法4活用“非谓”，手法老道写作时，可以利用非谓语动词对简单句进行整合，使其成为高级表达，其中with复合结构、分词或不定式作状语是利用频率较高的高级表达。(2020全国卷书面表达) Abo

28、ut two hours later, with our baskets full, we went out, wearing tired but satisfied expressions.大约两个小时后，我们带着满满一篮子的东西，满脸疲惫但满意的表情走了出去。(2019全国卷书面表达)With you to join us, we are confident that we can win the game.有你加入，我们相信我们能赢得比赛。 强化落实训练按要求升级以下各句1(2019全国卷书面表达)If you should consider my application, I woul

29、d be more than grateful. (用倒装句式改写)Should you consider my application, I would be more than grateful.2(2019全国卷书面表达)If I am accepted, I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture. (用省略句式改写)If accepted, I can introduce Chinese painting skills

30、to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.3(2018全国卷书面表达)Most importantly, the elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China. (用强调主语句式改写)Most importantly, it is the elderly who are usually the first to taste the foo

31、d served on the table because they are well respected in China. 4(2017全国卷书面表达)We are to meet on Sunday morning in the Peoples Park. In the park the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful. (用定语从句合并句子)We are to meet on Sunday morning in the Peoples Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is be

32、autiful.第3招甩一下“豹尾”勾住阅卷老师的“魂”具备了一个引人入胜的“凤头”，打造了一个要点齐全、意蕴丰满的“猪肚”，接下来就收束一个画龙点睛的结尾。“头好一半文”“尾好更添韵”说的就是开头和结尾的重要性。一、结尾常见7种形式1表达期待式(2020浙江1月高考写作)I am looking forward to your involvement and do wish you a success! 我期待你的参与，并祝你成功！(2019北京高考书面表达)Hope youll have a good time in China.希望你在中国玩得开心。2表示感谢式(2020全国卷书面表达)

33、Id appreciate it if you could do me a favour.如果你能帮助我，我将感激不尽。Ill appreciate you taking my suggestions into account.我非常感激你能考虑我的建议。3表达观点式We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.我们应该通过学习努力提高自己，为将来做好准备。As far as Im concerned, I think it is a good idea fo

34、r us Senior 3 students to have daily exercise.在我看来，对我们高三学生来说进行日常锻炼是一个好主意。4请求询问式(2020全国卷书面表达)If possible, shall we meet in your office at 10 am tomorrow？如果可能的话，我们明天上午10点在你的办公室见面好吗？5征求意见式(2020全国卷书面表达)If it is convenient for you, lets meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate. If not, let me know what ti

35、me suits you best.如果你方便，我们上午8：30在校门口外见面。如果不方便，告诉我什么时间最适合你。6总结全文式(2020全国卷书面表达)So, in my mind, my English teacher is the person I respect most.所以，在我心目中，我的英语老师是我最尊敬的人。(2020新高考全国卷写作)From this activity, we have realized that building up our body is of great importance, and we have also learned more about

36、 “persistence leads to success”从这次活动中，我们认识到健身是非常重要的，我们也进一步了解了 “坚持就会成功”这个道理。7补充细节式By the way, if you need any other kind of books, please do tell me.顺便说一下，如果你需要其他种类的书，请务必告诉我。此外，Im looking forward to your reply soon./Looking forward to hearing from you.是通用的结尾，几乎适用于所有书信类书面表达的结尾。二、常考文体结尾段的写法在应用文的结尾处我们常使

37、用一些功能句式，向对方表示友善的感谢或亲切的问候，表达愿望或期待等。常用的结尾有：求职信I would be grateful if you could consider my application/give me the chance.I hope to have the opportunity of an interview.咨询信Im waiting for your early reply.Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.感谢信Again, I would like to express my wa

38、rm thanks to you！/Thanks again for .I must thank you again for your timely help.建议信In the end, I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful.I hope you will find these suggestions practical.(2018全国卷)Hopefully, these suggestions would be of great help to you. I am looking forward to your good

39、 news.道歉信Once again, Im sorry for any inconvenience caused.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apology.邀请信(2018天津高考)Im looking forward to your joining my team.通知We hope that you would make it to our activity.I have the confidence that you will have a great ti

40、me then. 强化落实训练根据提示翻译句子1如果你感兴趣，请告诉我，我给你发送更多的信息。(邀请信结尾语)If you are interested in it, please let me know and Ill send you more information.2(2019全国卷书面表达)如果您能在方便的时候考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。我期待尽快收到您的来信。(申请信结尾语)I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration at your earliest convenience. I

41、m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.3因此，我在此十分愿意向您推荐他，并期待尽早得到您的消息。(推荐信结尾语)Therefore, here I recommend him to you with all my heart and I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.4(2016天津高考书面表达)我希望明年我们能再相聚。(表达期待式)I hope well get together again next year.5找

42、一个伙伴和我们一起去如何？如果这样，我们可以互相帮助并且在旅途中保持愉快。(请求询问式)How about finding a companion to be with us？If so, we can help each other and be happy during the trip.6作为一名学生，我会做我能做的事情来保护环境。(表达观点式)As a student，I will do whatever I can to protect the environment.7对于你慷慨的帮助，我再次表示感谢。(表示感谢式)Thanks again for your generous help.10