2020-2021学年新教材英语人教版选择性必修第一册课时作业8　UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE DISCOVER USEFUL STRUCTURES WORD版含解析.DOC

1、.阅读理解 It began as a game: High school and college students studying computer technology figured out they could use personal computers to break into telephone company computers and make free, longdistance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name “hackers”Police arrested a fe

2、w hackers, but many went on to even more complex hacking. One of them was arrested for making illegal telephone calls and later he used a phone to change a police officers credit records to get back at the officer for arresting him. He also used a computer to change his college records to give himse

3、lf better grades.As hackers gained experience they began invading computers at banks, airlines and other businesses. In one case a hacker instructed an airlines computer to give him free airplane tickets.The US government is worried that hackers may break into its networks of defense computers. The

4、governments secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by telephone lines that hackers can get into. In November 1988, a college student entered a US Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies o

5、f itself throughout Arpanet. Some hackers use viruses to destroy all the data in a computer. But in this case, government officials shut down the network before the program reached every computer in the system. Shutting down the system angered many researchers who were using the computers. The hacke

6、r turned himself in to the police and he was charged with a crime.The incident put the spotlight on computer hacking in the United States. Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from hackers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers.The U

7、S government believes foreign governments have hired hackers to try to break into topsecret defense computers.Experts disagree over whether a computer network can ever be safe from hacking. But in the future, some of the most outstanding minds in the US will be working to frustrate the attempts of c

8、omputer hackers.本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黑客的起源，以及他们非法侵入各个领域的网络系统的犯罪行为。1What did the first hackers do? AThey broke into government computers. BThey destroyed airplane ticket systems.CThey played computer games.DThey made free phone calls.答案：D解析：考查推理判断。根据第一段“It began as a game：.figured out they could use personal

9、computers to break into telephone company computers and make free, longdistance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name hackers”可知它起初是一个游戏：学习计算机的高中生和大学生发现他们可以使用个人电脑闯入电话公司的电脑并拨打免费的长途电话。这些年轻的计算机人才很快就被称为“黑客”。这说明这些高中生和大学生是第一批黑客，他们拨打了免费的电话。故选D。2Why can US government computers b

10、e easily hacked into? AThey have no defense systems. BThey are connected by telephone lines.CThey are partly accessible to the public.DThey lack complex processing programs.答案：B解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The governments secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by te

11、lephone lines that hackers can get into.”可知政府的秘密很容易被攻击，因为成千上万的政府计算机通过黑客可以进入的电话线被连接起来。故选B。3What happened to the government computers in November 1988? AThey lost all of the important data.BThey were shut down by researchers.CThey were invaded by a college student.DThey got totally ruined by a compute

12、r program.答案：C解析：考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“In November 1988, a college student entered a US Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies of itself throughout Arpanet.”可知1988年11月，一名大学生进入美国国防部的计算机网络Arpanet并注入了一个计算机程序，这个程序可以通过Arpanet进行自我复制。也就是说，美国政府的电

13、脑被一个大学生入侵了。故选C。4What did companies decide to do to protect their computer systems?AEmploy computer talents. BBuild secret defense systems.CAsk the government for help.DCollect and analyze the data of hackers.答案：A解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from ha

14、ckers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers. ”可知许多公司聘请了专家来保护他们的计算机免受黑客攻击并且许多计算机专家如今会建议公司如何保护他们的计算机。故选A。.七选五 Lots of people give you advice on overcoming fear. _1_ However, I want to tell you that a world without fear would be more dangerous, less rewarding

15、. So we want to treat fear as a friend？Here are three reasons._2_ Think about it. Do you get more nervous when you meet the girl (or guy) of your dreams？Which is more fearful, talking to the boss of your company or to some of your friends? _3_ If you didnt have fear to guide you, you might not know

16、that! Not so bad, right? Next, fear encourages us to take action. Fear is a call to action. In the past, our ancestors didnt run away in fear when they saw a tiger running toward them but tried to kill it for food. Now, most of us dont face serious danger like hungry tigers every day, but we do face

17、 serious bosses or public speaking. So, what can we do？_4_Lastly, fear lets you know you are alive. Why do we like roller coasters？_5_Same for horror movies. So fear can guide you towards whats important for you and encourage you to take action to improve. Dont we all need that kind of friend?ADont

18、fear to be wrong.BIt frightens us in a mostly safe way.CImagine what life would be like without fear.DThe first is that fear is an excellent guide to opportunity.EThey say if you can overcome fear, you will be successful.FLet fear provide us with the energy to do what needs to be done.GFear is showi

19、ng you what is important and what matters to you.本文是一篇说明文，现实生活中很多人在想办法克服恐惧，但是，恐惧也是有好的一面的，它能帮助我们成长。作者就此展开谈论，揭示了恐惧的好处，告诉了我们恐惧其实并不可怕。1E解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“However, I want to tell you that a world without fear would be more dangerous，less rewarding.”然而，我却想告诉你，一个没有恐惧的世界可能会更加危险而回报也将减少。从转折however可推断出，

20、前一句的意思与这一句相反。E. They say if you can overcome fear, you will be successful.“他们说如果你克服了恐惧，你会成功。”承接下文，符合语境，故选E。2D解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据3空后“If you didnt have fear to guide you，you might not know that！”(如果没有恐惧引导你，你可能不知道这一点。)可知，D.The first is that fear is an excellent guide to opportunity.“首先，恐惧是通向机会的极好向导。

21、”符合语境，故选D。3G解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Do you get more nervous when you meet the girl (or guy) of your dreams？Which is more fearful，talking to the boss of your company or to some of your friends？”可知，G. Fear is showing you what is important and what matters to you.“恐惧显示出什么对你是重要的。”承接上文，符合语境，故选G。4F解析：考查对

22、上下文的理解和推理判断能力。句意：根据空前“Now，most of us dont face serious danger like hungry tigers every day，but we do face serious bosses or public speaking.So，what can we do？”可知，F. Let fear provide us with the energy to do what needs to be done.“让恐惧为我们提供能量去做需要做的事情。”承接上文，符合语境，故选F。5B解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Why do we

23、 like roller coasters？”可知，为什么我们喜欢过山车，此处应填B.It frightens us in a mostly safe way.“它以一种安全的方式使我们恐惧。”故选B。.语法填空For the first time in the history of Peking Opera，four women performed a piece in the China National Peking Opera Company(CNPOC)productions _1_May 27th at Shanghais Majestic Theater. The Peking

24、Opera performance was one of the 51 _2_(produce) showed at the 12th China Art Festival in Shanghai. The CNPOC brought together three stories _3_(base) on events during the Red Armys Long March.“They are stories about the _4_ (brave)of the Red Army during the Long March，”says Song Chen，head of the CN

25、POC.“In the play，you can see _5_ these soldiers do to sacrifice themselves to help others. People will be _6_(deep) touched by their faith and devotion.”One of the stories is about three women soldiers_7_(stay) for a night at a farmers home in a village. They sleep in the home of a local woman named

26、 Xu Jiexiu，and feel sorry for her poor living conditions. When they leave the next morning, a soldier uses a pair of scissors_8_ (cut) up the only quilt she has，leaving half of it for the village woman.Peking Opera styles _9_(develop) over hundreds of years，_10_creates a wide range of roles each fea

27、turing distinctive methods of performance and singing styles.本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国国家京剧剧团在上海举行的第12届中国艺术节上表演的长征题材的京剧作品。1on解析：考查介词。句意：5月27日，中国国家京剧剧团的四名女演员在上海大剧院表演了一出京剧。在具体某一天用介词on，故填on。2productions解析：考查名词复数。句意：在上海举行的第12届中国艺术节上，京剧表演是51个作品之一。作介词of的宾语用名词，51修饰可数名词复数，故填productions。3based解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家京剧剧团带来了基于

28、红军长征的三个故事。be based on表示“基于”，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填based。4bravery_解析：考查名词。句意：它们是关于红军在长征中英勇无畏的故事。作介词about的宾语用名词，故填bravery。5what解析：考查宾语从句。句意：在剧中，你可以看到这些战士为了帮助别人牺牲了自己。此处为宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。6deeply解析：考查副词。句意：人们会被他们的信仰和奉献深深感动。修饰动词touched用副词，故填deeply。7staying解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一个故事讲的是三个女战士在一个村庄的农民家里过夜。soldiers与st

29、ay之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填staying。8to_cut_解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一个战士用一把剪刀把她仅有的被子剪开，给村里的妇女留下了一半。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to cut。9have_developed/_have_been_developing解析：考查时态。句意：京剧的风格已经发展了几百年，塑造了各种各样的角色，每个角色都有独特的表演方法和演唱风格。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时，也可以理解成过去的动作一直持续到现在，而且还有可能持续下去，用现在完成进行时，故填have developed/ have been developing。10which解析：考查非限定性定语从句。句意同上，此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。