江苏省南京市金陵中学高中英语选修九课件：UNIT 3 P2 READING .ppt

1、National flags,colours and cultures1.The color of the flag is red.It is rectangular in shape.The proportion between the length and height is three to two.In the upper left corner of the flag,there are five five-pointed stars,yellow in color.One of them is bigger and is located in the corner.The othe

2、r four surround the bigger star to its right.Five-star red flag2.The red color of the flag represents the blood of the soldiers who sacrificed their lives in the revolution.The color of the five stars is yellow,which symbolizes the bright future.Among the five stars,the bigger one stands for the Com

3、munist Party of China while the other four represent the different groups of people in China who are all united behind the Party.Today,every independent country has a flag that gives it a unique indentity.These flags are more than just colourful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together.过去式:sewed 过去分

4、词:sewn/sewed 现在分词:sewingzxxk pieces of cloth and thread sewn together sewn:a past participle used as an attributive Eg.a building built on the coastsew verb I/T to join together or attach(esp.pieces of cloth)by putting thread through it with a needle 缝补The skirt is finished Im now going to sew a poc

5、ket on.裙子做好了-我现在再缝上个口袋.Ill just sew up that tear,and the coat will be as good as new.我把大衣的破处缝好，就会完好如新了。Would you sew this button onto my shirt?请你把这颗纽扣缝到我的衬衫上好吗？1.(2005北京)The prize of the game show is$30000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China.A.paying B.paid C.to be paid D.being paid 2.（2002上海）Do

6、nt use words,expressions,or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.to be known D.known3.（2002春招）Prices of daily goods_ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying 4.（2004浙江）Linda worked for the Minnesota

7、 Manufacturing and Mining Company,_ as 3M.A.knowing B.known C.being known D.to be known5.（2004上海）zx、xk The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recordedA flag tells us something about the country it represents and o

8、ften symbolizes the origin of that country,along with its values,beliefs and culture.symbol;symbolize;symbolic*The power of the monarchy in britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象征性的，无甚实际意义。France Before the Revolution,there had been great unrest because people had not had freedom an

9、d had often been treated unfairly.Many people died of starvation.unrest n.disagreements or fighting between different groups of people;动荡，骚乱Unemployment results in social unrest.失业能造成社会不安定.Theres(a feeling of)unrest in the air.四处充满了不安（的感觉）.Inequalities in wealth cause social unrest.贫富不均可造成社会动荡.Gramm

10、ar point.In this sentence,there is a grammar pointthe usage of past perfect tense.A perfective tense used to express action completed in the past1.(2005北京)He _ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15?A.has learned B.would have learned C.learned D.had learned2.Th

11、e policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car.(2005广东)A.has been B.was being C.had been D.would be3.When the old man _ to walk back to his house,the sun _ itself behind the mountain.(2005湖北)A.started;had already hidden B.had started;had already hidd

12、enC.had started;was hiding D.was starting;hid4.(2006全国)John,a friend of mine,who got married only last week,spent$3,000 more than he _ for the wedding.A.will plan B.has planned C.would plan D.had planned5.(2006天津)Did Linda see the traffic accident?No,no sooner_ than it happened.A.had she gone B.she

13、had gone C.has she gone D.she has goneTen years later,the conclusion of the French Revolution led to fundamental changes throughout the country.People had far more freedom and all people were considered equal.There are fundamental differences between your religious belief and mine.你我的宗教信仰根本不同.If you

14、 two are going to marry,I advise that you need to know the fundamentals of cooking.如果你们要结婚的话，我建议你们了解烹调的基本知识。Blue stands for liberty and justice,while white represents peace and honesty.Strenghtened by the Revolution,France became a different country afterwards,and today,it is still guided by those p

15、rinciples.Marriage is,first of all,a contract which must be governed by justice.Its not just to kick another player in football.The system works on the principle that heat rises.该项装置是按照热力上升的原理运转的。We adhere/stick to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.The French Revolution was succes

16、sful inridding society of inequality,which had a great effect on many other countries,particularly those in Europe.In fact,some countries elected to substitute their flags withtricolour flags,after the French.动词过去式:rid/ridded 过去分词:rid/ridded现在分词:ridding1.Lets get rid of this moldy old furniture.2.Th

17、e man rid himself of debt.他还清了债。3.We spent a whole day ridding the apartment of dust.elect Voters always elect the candidate most tuned in to their needs.选民总是选那些最能体察其疾苦的候选人.They elected him chairman.他们选他做主席。substitute n.代替者,代用品&v.代替(for;with)The coach substituted Smith for Jones.The coach substitute

18、d Jones with Smith.We substituted a red ball for blue to see if the baby would notice.Water is not a proper substitute for wine.USA Some colonists were very unhappy with the bureaucratic way that Britain ruled the country,and were quite outspoken aboutthis.As taxpayers,they felt that they could no l

19、onger tolerate not having a say in the government.The colonists decided that their freedom was no longer optional and that their independence would not be won by being passive.outspokenadj.直言无讳的,坦率的,坦白无隐的Hans got in bad with some of his friends because of his outspoken opposition to the war.汉斯因为坦率地反

20、对这场战争，使得他的一些朋友不再喜欢他了。tolerate vt.He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.Shes not a woman to tolerate being played with.optionaladj.可以任选的,非强制的1.It is optional with you.那是你的自由。2.A4-speed automatic transmission is optional.四段自动变速器是可自由选择的。3.The insurance cover is optional.保险范围可以随意选择。In

21、donesia The flag,which could not be further simplified,is a red band over a white one,and is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century that had nine red and white stripes.This castle dates back to Roman times.这个城堡可追溯到罗马时代。Our partnership dating back to 1960 broke down at last.Other pe

22、ople say that the colour red on the Indonesian flag stands for the brave and considerate nature of the Indonesian people.Therefore,when we look at a flag,we can begin to see and study a countrys history and culture.It is also a good place to see some of the similarities and differences between count

23、ries.Go through the text quickly and pay attention to the meaning and usage of some words.Then finish the following vocabulary exercises.Part D and Part E.D:1.b 2.g 3.i 4.a 5.d 6.c 7.e 8.j 9.h 10.fE:(1)colours(2)represent (3)blue (4)bravery(5)liberty (6)revolution(7)Britain (8)independence(9)the spi

24、ritual (10)sugar Language points3.Red shows the bravery,revolution,strength and blood of the French,which were all needed to change the country.(P34)1).strength(EFFORT)U the ability to do things that need a lot of physical or mental effort:努力,尽力,力量She had the strength and stamina to take the lead an

25、d win the gold medal.Admitting youve made a mistake is a sign of strength,not weakness.We shall struggle on,drawing our strength from the courage of others.strengthen verb I or T to make something stronger or more effective 使强壮、加强、巩固They have been strengthening their border defenses in preparation f

26、or war.His battle against cancer has strengthened his belief in God.The organizations aim is to strengthen the cultural ties between Britain and Germany.2).Attributive clauseAttributive:A word or word group,such as an adjective,that is placed adjacent to the noun it modifies without a linking verb;f

27、or example,pale in the pale girl.While a clause is used as an attributive,it is called attributive clause.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,_ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江苏）A.who B.that C.as D.which4.In this way

28、,the French Tricolore has become one of the most influential national flags.(P34)1).influentialinfluence noun C or U the power to have an effect on people or things影响力；影响Helens a bad/good influence on him.Christopher hoped to exert his influence to make them change their minds.At the time she was un

29、der the influence of her father.influence verb Tto affect or change how someone or something develops,behaves or thinks:影响Shes very good at making friends and influencing people.+object+to infinitive What influenced you to choose a career in nursing?influential adjective 有影响力的She wanted to work for

30、a bigger and more influential(=powerful)newspaper.Johnson was influential(=important)in persuading the producers to put money into the film.2)Grammar point:Perfective tenseA perfective tense used to express action completed in the past;I had finished is an example of the past perfect1.（2006江苏）Althou

31、gh medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases,what worries us is that some of them are returning.A.achieved B.has achieved C.will achieve D.had achieve2.（2006陕西）The construction of the two new railway lines _by now.A.has been completed B.have been completedC.has completed D.have compl

32、eted3.（2006湖北）I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour.A.has been working B.will have workedC.will have been working D.had worked5.At that time,there were thirteen states,which is far fewer than the fifty that make uptodays USA.(P34)to form a part

33、icular thing,amount or number as a whole:组成Road accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospitals patients.The book is made up of a number of different articles.make常用短语及用法:make for somewhere/sth(GO TOWARDS)They made for the centre of town.make for sth(MAKE POSSIBLE)Having faster computers

34、would make fora more efficient system.make sth up(INVENT)phrasal verbto invent something,such as an excuse or a story,often in order to deceive:编造I made up an excuse about having to look after the kids.My dad was always really good at making up stories.make allowances forTo make allowances for someo

35、ne or their characteristics is to take their characteristics into consideration and not judge them too severely:考虑到、体谅You should make allowances for him hes been quite ill recently.make the best of to make an unsatisfactory situation as pleasant as possible:充分利用Well have to spend the night here,so w

36、e might as well make the best of it.make ends meetto have just enough money to pay for the things that you need 使收支相平衡make fun of sb/sthto make a joke about someone or sth.in a way that is not kind:取笑某人The other children were always making fun of him because he was fat and wore glasses.make certain/

37、sureto take action so that you are certain that sth.happens,is true,etc:确保、务必Ill just make sure Ive turned the oven off.Make certain(that)we have enough drink for the party.Make sure youre home by midnight.I think I locked the door but Ill go back and check just to make sure.Comparative and superlat

38、ive degree of adjective and adverbsComparative degree:expressing a greater degree or“more”,e.g.better,worse,slower,more difficult.Superlative:of adjectives or adverbs expressing the highest or a very high degree,e.g.best,slowest,and most difficult.1.（2006江苏）I wish youd do _ talking and some more wor

39、k.Thus things will become better.A.a bit less B.any less C.much more D.a little more2.（2006安徽）Of the two sisters,Betty is _ one,and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.A.a younger B.a youngestC.the younger D.the youngest3.（2006四川）-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes.Ive never been to _ on

40、e before.A.a more excited B.the most excited C.a more exciting D.the most exciting4.（2006陕西）I used to earn _ than a pound a week when I first started work.A.less B.fewer C.a few D.little6.The colonists decided that their freedom was no longer optional and that their independence would not be won by

41、being passive.(P35)1).optionC or U one thing which can be chosen from a set of possibilities,or the freedom to make a choice:选择The best option would be to cancel the trip altogether.There are various options open to someone who is willing to work hard.They didnt leave him much option-either he paid

42、or theyd beat him up.C SPECIALIZED the right to buy sth.in the future:选择权The publishers decided not to take up their option on the paperback version.optional adjective 可供选择的、可选择的English is compulsory for all students,but art and music are optional.2).passive voicea way of structuring a sentence so t

43、hat the grammatical subject is the person or thing which experiences the effect of an action,rather than the person or thing which causes the effect:When changed into the passive,The dog chased the cat becomes The cat was chased by the dog.1.（2006江苏）-I dont suppose the police know who did it.-Well,s

44、urprisingly they do.A man has been arrested and _ now.A.has been questioned B.is being questioned C.is questioning D.has questioned2.（2006辽宁）It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education.A.were being designed B.have designedC.have been designed D.were designed3.（

45、2006山东）Although the causes of cancer _,we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.A.are being uncovered B.have been uncovering C.are uncovering D.have uncovered7.The thirteen stripes are to remind people of the original thirteen states that joined together to fight for independence from Brit

46、ain.(P35)1).are to remind people of 在英语里，“be+to do”结构可用来表示将来时间，它的具体用法如下：1.表示“按计划、安排(要做某事)”。例如：We are to meet at the school gate.（我们将在校门口碰头。）They are to go travelling in August.（他们计划八月份去旅游。）2.表示“命令”。例如：You are to be back before five oclock.（你须 5 点钟以前回来。）The room is to be locked.（这个房间要上锁。）3.表示“职责”。例如：

47、Im to inform you that the meeting will be held in Wuhan.（我谨通知你会议将在武汉召开。）He is to design a new machine.（他将设计一台新机器。）4.表示“目的”。例如：The prize was to honor him for his great discoveries.（这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。）5.表示“用途”。例如：A pen is to write with.（钢笔是用来写字的。）6.表示“命中注定”。例如：They were never to meet again.（他们注定以后永

48、远不会再见面了。）7.表示“应该做（某事）”。例如：What are we to do next？（我们下一步应该怎么办？）What is to be done when something gets in-to your eyes?（如果你眼睛里进了东西，该怎么办？）8.表示“可能性”。例如：Its eleven oclock now.He is to get to Mikes house.（现在 11 点了，可能他已经到达迈克的家了。）Lets see who is to win the game.（让我们看看谁会赢得这场比赛。）9.表示“征求对方的意见”。例如：Am I to go on

49、 with the work？（这项工作我是不 是接着干下去？）When are they to hand in their plan？（他们的计划什么时候交上来？）1.(NMET99)The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make8.The flag,which could not be further simplified,is red band over a white one,and

50、 is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century.(P35)1).date backto have existed a particular length of time or since a particular time:追溯到时间This tradition dates back to medieval times.2).base sth on sth 以基础If you base sth.on facts or ideas,you use those facts or ideas to develop it:The

51、 film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.3).a national flag dating back to the 13th centuryIn this sentence,ing-form is used as an attributive;1.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _ the desert.(2006湖南)A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover2.Dont respond to any e-mails _ person

52、al information,no matter how official they look.(2006天津)A.searching B.asking C.requesting D.questioning 3.（2006辽宁）I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school,most _ were from Germany.A.study;of whom B.study;of themC.studying;of them D.studying;of whom 9.The most comm

53、on one is that red stands for blood,or things that are physical,while white represents the spiritual.1).spirit(NOT BODY)noun U the characteristics of a person that are considered as being separate from the body,and which many religions believe continue to exist after the body dies:精神Although hes now

54、 living in America,I feel hes with me in spirit.2).predicative clause(In grammar,especially of adjectives or phrases)following a verb such as be,get,become,seem,look.If a clause is used as a predicative,it is called a predicative clause.spiritual adjectiveTraditional ways of life fulfilled both econ

55、omic and spiritual needs.1.-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?-I agree,but the problem is _ he has refused to.(2005江苏)A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that B.C.should not be sent;what C.D.should not send;what 2.Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats _ it takes t

56、o do anything well.(2002上海)A.what B.that C.which D.why10.It can also symbolize the fire that comes from Indonesias volcanoes,or the fact that the equator goes through the country.(P35)1)go through 通过、穿过go常用短语及用法go against sth/sb phrasal verbto oppose or disagree with sth.or someone反对Public opinion i

57、s going against the government on this issue.What youre asking me to do goes againsteverything I believe in.go ahead phrasal verbto start to do sth.:开始做、继续I got so fed up with waiting for him to do it that I just went ahead and did it myself.Could I ask you a rather personal question?Sure,go ahead.g

58、o for sth(LIKE)phrasal verbI dont go for war films in a big way(=very much).What sort of men do you go for(are you attracted to)?go in for sth(ENJOY)phrasal verb to do sth.regularly,or to enjoy sth.爱好Ive never really gone in for classical music,but I love jazz.go over sth(EXAMINE)phrasal verbto exam

59、ine or look at sth.in a careful or detailed way:检查、复习Forensic scientists are going over the victims flat in a search for clues about the murderer.Ive gone over the problem several times,but I cant think of a solution.go through sth(EXPERIENCE)to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation 经历、体验Yo

60、ud think his children would be more sympathetic towards him after all hes gone through.go without(sth)phrasal verb to not have sth.or to manage to live despite not having sth.:将就着过If you dont want fish for dinner,then youll just have to go without!Id rather go without food than work for him.go wrong

61、to make a mistake:出问题These shelves are very easy to put together-you cant go wrong.I thought Id done this correctly,I just cant understand where Ive gone wrong.（2006广东）The traffic lights _ green and I pulled away.A.came B.grew C.got D.went11.It will also make it more interesting to read because you

62、can compare your own knowledge with the new information you learnt from the article.(P35)1).compare(EXAMINE DIFFERENCES)to examine or look for the difference between two or more things:比较、对比That seems expensive-have you compared prices in other shops?Compare some recent work with your older stuff an

63、d youll see how much youve improved.Children seem to learn more interesting things compared to/with when we were at parative adjective comparing different things:可比的、相对的Shes carrying out a comparative study of health in inner cities and rural paratively adverb as compared to sth.else:可比较的Comparative

64、ly speaking,this machine is easy to parison when two or more people or things are compared:比较、对比They made a comparison of different countries eating habits.By/In comparison with the French,the British eat far less fish.We couldnt afford it and yet were comparatively well-off(=we are richer than most

65、 people).2).The usage of“it”It is used as a formal object;the real object of the sentence is to read.1.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.(2006湖南)A.this B.that C.one D.it 2._ is our belief that improvements in health care will

66、lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.（2006浙江）A.As B.That C.This D.It3.（2006全国I）If I can help _,I dont like working late into the night.A.so B.that C.it D.them4.（2006山东）Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.it C.this D.you 5.(2005全国I/II)The chairman thou

67、ght _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A.that B.it C.this D.him Exercises:Translation我们的报纸在本市有很大影响力。Our newspaper is an influential newspaper in this city.While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.尽管我不喜欢艺术，但我却发现他的作品给人的印象深刻。她真是可爱得无与伦比。She is lovely beyond compare.Homework1.Read the text again and again.Try to memorize the language points.2.Parts A1 and A2 on page 118 in Workbook to practice using the words and phrases learnt in the Reading section.