北京市昌平区2023届高三英语二模试卷（Word版附解析）.docx

1、昌平区2023年高三年级第二次统一练习英语试卷笔试部分本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Dear department, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn (独角兽) in my backyard if I can find one. Please send

2、me a letter in response.” In mid-November, Joyce wrote a letter to the local department of animal care and control with a(n) _1_ request.Director Annabelle Bradshaw wrote back a few weeks later with good news. She said the department does in fact license unicorns under certain _2_. Those include pol

3、ishing the unicorns horn (角) at least once a month, giving it _3_ access to sunlight, moonlight and rainbows, and feeding it watermelons at least once a week._4_ that Joyce would meet all the requirements, Bradshaw sent her a “preapproved unicorn license” for her future pet. “It is always _5_ to hea

4、r from young people who consider providing a loving home to animals.” Bradshaw wrote. She deals with a lot of “emotionally exhausting” issues on the job. So Joyces letter has _6_ brightened her spirits. The first-grader also _7_ her for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her res

5、earch to figure out how to go about that.Joyces mother didnt want to _8_ her when she asked for a unicorn at first, so advised it might come down to getting approval. Joyce agreed and she _9_ and an hour later she came back and said, “Will you help me _10_ this?”While the letter was received and rep

6、lied to in a matter of weeks, Joyce thought the license would be a perfect present for her birthday this month.1. A. specialB. urgentC. reasonableD. silly2. A. structuresB. conditionsC. systemsD. programs3. A. regularB. similarC. fairD. instant4. A. UpsetB. ConcernedC. ConfidentD. Surprised5. A. use

7、fulB. rewardingC. necessaryD. important6. A. normallyB. graduallyC. greatlyD. carefully7. A. impressedB. admiredC. amusedD. challenged8. A. comfortB. punishC. excuseD. discourage9. A. gave upB. fell overC. stood outD. marched off10. A. testB. mailC. recordD. download【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C

8、 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁的乔伊斯写信给当地动物保护和控制部门写了一封信，提出了一个希望获得养独角兽的批准。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：11月中旬，乔伊斯给当地动物保护和控制部门写了一封信，提出了一个特殊的要求。A. special特殊的；B. urgent紧急的；C. reasonable合理的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据上文“I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one.(如果我能在后院养一

9、只独角兽，我希望你能同意如果我能找到的话)”可知乔伊斯提出了特殊的要求，想要养独角兽。故选A。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，在某些条件下，该部门确实会给养独角兽发放许可证。A. structures结构；B. conditions条件；C. systems系统；D. programs项目。根据上文“She said the department does in fact license unicorns under certain”指在某些条件下，该部门确实会给养独角兽发放许可证。故选B。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些措施包括每月至少擦拭一次独角兽的角，定期让它接触阳光

10、、月光和彩虹，每周至少喂它一次西瓜。A. regular定期的；B. similar相似的；C. fair公平的；D. instant立即的。根据上文“Those include polishing the unicorns horn at least once a month”可知，此处是在介绍独角兽的日常养护，即每月至少擦拭一次独角兽的角，定期让它接触阳光、月光和彩虹，故选A。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布拉德肖相信乔伊斯能满足所有要求，于是给她寄了一张“预先批准的独角兽执照”。A. Upset沮丧的；B. Concerned担忧的；C. Confident自信的、确信的；D.

11、Surprised惊讶的。根据后文“that Joyce would meet all the requirements, Bradshaw sent her a “preapproved unicorn license” for her future pet.”可知，布拉德肖相信乔伊斯能满足所有要求，于是给她寄了一张“预先批准的独角兽执照”。故选C。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“听到年轻人考虑为动物提供一个充满爱的家，总是很有意义的。”布拉德肖写道。A. useful有用的；B. rewarding有意义的；C. necessary必要的；D. important重要的。根据后文“

12、to hear from young people who consider providing a loving home to animals”可知，年轻人考虑为动物提供一个充满爱的家，总是很有意义的。故选B。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以乔伊斯的信使她的精神大为振奋。A. normally正常地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. greatly非常；D. carefully仔细地。根据后文“brightened her spirits”可知，乔伊斯的信使布拉德肖的精神大为振奋。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个一年级的学生也给她留下了深刻的印象，因为她一开始就

13、想要征得她的同意，并做了调查来弄清楚如何做到这一点。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. admired钦佩；C. amused逗乐；D. challenged挑战。根据后文“her for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her research to figure out how to go about that”可知，乔伊斯为了养独角兽做了很多工作，给布拉德肖留下了深刻的印象，故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔伊斯一开始要求养独角兽时，她的母亲不想让她气馁，所以建议她先得到批准。A. comf

14、ort安慰；B. punish惩罚；C. excuse原谅；D. discourage使气馁。根据后文“her when she asked for a unicorn at first, so advised it might come down to getting approval”可知，她的母亲不想让她气馁，所以建议她先得到批准。故选D。【9题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：乔伊斯同意了，然后走开了。A. gave up放弃；B. fell over摔倒；C. stood out突出；D. marched off离去、出发。根据后文“and an hour later she came

15、back and said, “Will you help me mail this?”可知，乔伊斯暂时走开去写信了，故选D。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，她回来说：“你能帮我寄这封信吗？”A. test测试；B. mail邮寄；C. record记录；D. download下载。根据后文“While the letter was received”可知，乔伊斯写了信，让妈妈邮寄。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Because

16、of the changes that occurred over teas extremely long history, the tea-making process _11_ (become) very complicated and diverse today. To follow the rather strict steps _12_ may include dozens of smaller steps, generally speaking, it takes about half a month to complete the _13_ (begin) processes s

17、uch as tea picking, selecting and drying. In order to reach the highest standard, it takes at least a whole month only to dry the tea as dry as it can get. So it takes several months alone _14_ good tea products are ready for consumers.【答案】11. has become 12. which#that 13. beginning 14. before【解析】【导

18、语】这是一篇说明文。由于茶在极其漫长的历史中发生了变化，今天的制茶过程变得非常复杂和多样化。要遵循相当严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。为了达到最高标准，至少要花整整一个月的时间才能把茶弄干。因此，好的茶叶产品要为消费者准备好就需要几个月的时间。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：由于茶在极其漫长的历史中发生了变化，今天的制茶过程变得非常复杂和多样化。此处过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时，主语为the tea-making process，助动词用has。故填has become。【12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：要遵循相当

19、严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。定语从句修饰先行词steps，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：要遵循相当严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。作定语修饰名词processes，应用beginning。故填beginning。【14题详解】考查固定句型。句意：因此，好的茶叶产品要为消费者准备好就需要几个月的时间。此处为it takes+一段时间+ before，表示“过多久才”。故填before。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容

20、填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。To remain competitive throughout their careers, students need to learn how to use an AI writing tool to make worthwhile output _15_ know how to evaluate its quality, accuracy and originality. They need to learn to compose well-organized essays involvi

21、ng a mix of AI-generated text and _16_ (tradition) writing. When working into the 2060s and beyond, professionals _17_ (learn) how to engage productively with AI systems, using them to enhance human creativity.【答案】15. and 16. traditional 17. will learn【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了在整个职业生涯中保持竞争力，学生们需要学习如何使用人工智能写

22、作工具做出有价值的产出，并知道如何评估其质量、准确性和独创性。他们需要学习撰写组织良好的文章，包括人工智能生成的文本和传统写作的结合。在20世纪60年代及以后的工作中，专业人士将学习如何有效地使用人工智能系统，利用它们来增强人类的创造力。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：为了在整个职业生涯中保持竞争力，学生们需要学习如何使用人工智能写作工具做出有价值的产出，并知道如何评估其质量、准确性和独创性。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们需要学习撰写组织良好的文章，包括人工智能生成的文本和传统写作的结合。修饰名词writing应用形容词traditiona

23、l，作定语。故填traditional。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：在20世纪60年代及以后的工作中，专业人士将学习如何有效地使用人工智能系统，利用它们来增强人类的创造力。根据上文When working into the 2060s and beyond可知为一般将来时。故填will learn。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal _18_

24、 (success) without hours of labour. Its your shortcut that mathematicians _19_ me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I _20_ (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Heres a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the

25、 smartest ways of thinking.【答案】18. successfully 19. like 20. was producing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的新书。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：我的新书颂扬了数学思维的力量，它能让你不花几个小时就成功地达到目标。修饰动词get应用副词successfully，故填successfully。【19题详解】考查介词。句意：这是像我这样的数学家想出来的通往目的地的捷径。后跟me作宾语，表示“像”应用like。故填like。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：当然，当我在写思考得更好：捷径的艺术的时候，我读了不少书。

26、此处从句表示动作正在进行，且发生在过去，用过去进行时，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was producing。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEvery event here features a noted scientist who discusses a different cosmic (宇宙的) topic. They will be presented with a live stream to our Science World official

27、 website and questions can be asked in the website chat.Black Holes7:30 PM-8:30 PM, May. 19, 2023Description: Most galaxies (星系) have a supermassive black hole at their center. These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time. Join Dr. Ansel Netscher for an outline of black holes

28、. You can also explore how supermassive black holes may decide the development of galaxies.The Webb Imagery8:00 PM-9:30 PM, May. 28, 2023Description: The amazing visions have attracted the world. But theres a long and involved process by which scientists black-and-white observational data is transfo

29、rmed into dynamic color imagery for the public. Join image specialist Ralph Wilson as he discusses the art and science of translating infrared light.Hunt for Distant Worlds7:00 PM-8:00 PM, Jun. 3, 2023Description: Since the discovery of the first planet orbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, more than 4,

30、 000 exoplanets have been found. These widespread planet systems confirm that our solar system is just one of many in our Milky Way galaxy. The discovery of such systems has provided interesting insights, challenging our views about how planet systems form and develop. Join Dr. Amanda Garcia as she

31、describes the scientific hunt for these distant worlds.Mars and Beyond10:00 AM-11:30 AM, Jun.4, 2023Description: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take to travel to other stars? Dr. Camille Lopez will meet these questions with a speech of what we can expect in the next 30 years. Its based on

32、 what is practical and reasonable when we consider the biological, economic, and philosophical concerns that connect with the engineering challenges of space habitation and exploration.21. Interested in the development of planet or star system, you can choose _. Black Holes The Webb Imagery Hunt for

33、 Distant Worlds Mars and BeyondA. B. C. D. 22. What will you learn from Mars and Beyond?A. Prospect of space travel.B. Application of art to science.C The origin and future of Mars.D. Detailed plan of space habitation.23. What is the main purpose of the passage?A To publicize online public lectures.

34、B. To compare events of studying science.C. To stress the importance of space exploration.D. To expand peoples knowledge about universe.【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Black Holes部分中“These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time.(这些黑洞有助于确定星

35、系如何随着时间的推移而发展)”以及Hunt for Distant Worlds部分中“The discovery of such systems has provided interesting insights, challenging our views about how planet systems form and develop.(这些系统的发现提供了有趣的见解，挑战了我们关于行星系统如何形成和发展的观点)”可知，对行星或恒星系统的发展感兴趣，可以选择Black Holes和Hunt for Distant Worlds。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Desc

36、ription: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take to travel to other stars? Dr. Camille Lopez will meet these questions with a speech of what we can expect in the next 30 years.(我们会到达火星吗？去其他星球旅行需要什么？卡米尔洛佩斯博士将在演讲中回答这些问题，讲述我们对未来30年的期望)”可知，可以从Mars and Beyond了解到太空旅行的前景。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Every

37、 event here features a noted scientist who discusses a different cosmic (宇宙的) topic. They will be presented with a live stream to our Science World official website and questions can be asked in the website chat.(这里的每个活动都有一位著名的科学家来讨论不同的宇宙主题。他们将在我们的科学世界官方网站上进行直播，并可以在网站聊天中提出问题)”结合文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。可推知，

38、文章的主要目的是宣传网上公开讲座。故选A。BEver wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space? Well, that is where my job as an instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on mission

39、s at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were

40、offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.The most exciting and fulfillin

41、g part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a ca

42、reer that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was g

43、iven the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded

44、 to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the

45、 Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you dont pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.24. W

46、hy did the author apply to MIT?A. The majors in MIT interested her.B. Her mother urged her to go to MIT.C. She set this goal as a high-schooler.D. A summer program made her love MIT.25. What does the author think about her occupation?A. Its easy to predict what she does.B. Its hard for a girl to hav

47、e such a career.C. She is annoyed by being misunderstood.D. She is proud to work for human well-being.26. What does the author value most in the Cassini mission?A. Its historic contributions.B. The team it brought together.C. Breathtaking images of the planet.D. The opportunity to operate the camera

48、s.27. What can we learn from the story?A. Practice makes perfect.B. No way is impossible to courage.C. Well begun is half done.D. Time lost cannot be won again.【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一名工程师，工作包括规划、制作和操作飞行中的科学仪器。作者认为自己从事有益于人类的项目，感到感激和满足。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“After receiving

49、an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me.(在收到一封来自麻省理工学院的电子邮件后，在我妈妈的鼓励下，我决定申请他们提供的暑期项目。在参

50、加了这个项目之后，我知道MIT是适合我的大学)”可知，作者申请麻省理工学院是因为一个暑期项目使她爱上了麻省理工学院。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity.(作为一名工程师，最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事有益于人类的项目)”以及“What they may not imagine is the great body of work being don

51、e to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.(他们可能无法想象的是，研究我们自己的家园地球的大量工作正在进行。我很感激有这样一份工作，能让我承担起这样的责任)”可知，作者因自己为人类福祉而工作而自豪。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will

52、 remember it for is the team it brought together.(虽然卡西尼号将因其历史性贡献而被铭记，但我将铭记的是它所凝聚的团队)”可知，在卡西尼号任务中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的团队。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you dont pick up the sword in your own story

53、because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.(我意识到英雄故事的一个共同主题是，英雄必须总是做出选择，开始他们的冒险。如果你在自己的故事中因为害怕接下来可能发生的事情而不拿起剑，你就有可能根本没有故事)”可知，我们能从这个故事中学到“勇者无惧”的道理。故选B。CHave you ever been indecisive in the decision of what color car you like? Last November, a magazine with gre

54、at influence revealed its annual list of the Best Inventions, which are changing how we live, work, play, and think about whats possible. One of these inventions was the “color changing car”.At the 2022 Consumer Electronics Show, a famous car company showcased a concept car that can change colors. T

55、he surface coating of this car features e-ink that is most well-known from the displays of e-readers. It contains many millions of micro-capsules, each of which contains negatively charged white pigments (颜料) and positively charged black pigments. Depending on the chosen setting, stimulation by mean

56、s of an electrical field causes either the white or the black pigments to collect at the surface of the micro-capsule, giving the car body the desired shade.The color chosen for a car is an expression of the drivers personalities. It offers a completely new way of changing the vehicles appearance in

57、 line with the drivers preferences, the environmental conditions or even functional requirements.A variable exterior color can contribute to energy saving and wellness in the interior. This is done by taking into account the different abilities of light and dark colors when it comes to reflecting su

58、nlight and the associated absorption of thermal energy. Heating of the vehicle as a result of strong sunlight and high outside temperatures can be reduced by changing the exterior to a light color. In cooler weather, a dark outer skin will help the vehicle to absorb noticeably more warmth from the s

59、un. This would reduce the amount of energy the vehicle electrical system needs, lowering the fuel or electricity consumption. In the interior, the technology could, for example, prevent the dashboard from heating up too much. In electric cars, changing the color with the weather would thus increase

60、the range of the car. Considering the recent push for electric vehicles, this color changing technology could be a game-changer.“Digital experiences wont just be limited to displays in the future. There will be more and more connection between the real and virtual. With this concept car, we are brin

61、ging the car body to life, ”says Frank Weber, a member of the board of this company.28. The concept car can change colors mainly because of _.A. the reflection of sunlightB. the stability of electrical fieldC. the area of white and black e-inkD. the gathering of charged pigments29. As for the color

62、changing car, which would the author agree with?A. It will be put into mass production in the near future.B. It can change colors automatically according to weather.C. It can show personalities and improve car performance.D. It will save energy by transforming heat into electrical energy.30. Which w

63、ould be the best title for the passage?A. Car Design: New ChallengesB. The Development of Car ExteriorC. Magical E-ink in Car DesignD. New Invention of Cars: Tailored Exterior【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款变色车，说明了其会变色背后的原理以及这种车的好处。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“At the 2022 Consumer Electronics Sh

64、ow, a famous car company showcased a concept car that can change colors. The surface coating of this car features e-ink that is most well-known from the displays of e-readers. It contains many millions of micro-capsules, each of which contains negatively charged white pigments (颜料) and positively ch

65、arged black pigments. Depending on the chosen setting, stimulation by means of an electrical field causes either the white or the black pigments to collect at the surface of the micro-capsule, giving the car body the desired shade.(在2022年国际消费电子展上，一家著名汽车公司展示了一款可以变色的概念车。这辆车的表面涂层具有电子墨水，这是最著名的电子阅读器显示器。它

66、包含数百万个微胶囊，每个微胶囊都含有带负电的白色色素和带正电的黑色色素。根据所选择的设置，电场的刺激会使白色或黑色颜料聚集在微胶囊的表面，从而使车身呈现出所需的阴影)”可知，这款概念车之所以能变色，主要是因为带电颜料的聚集。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The color chosen for a car is an expression of the drivers personalities. It offers a completely new way of changing the vehicles appearance in line with the drivers

67、 preferences, the environmental conditions or even functional requirements.(汽车的颜色是司机个性的体现。它提供了一种全新的方式，可以根据驾驶员的喜好、环境条件甚至功能要求来改变车辆的外观)”以及第四段“A variable exterior color can contribute to energy saving and wellness in the interior.(一个可变的外部颜色可以有助于节能和健康的内部)”可知，变色车可以彰显个性，提高汽车性能。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Last N

68、ovember, a magazine with great influence revealed its annual list of the Best Inventions, which are changing how we live, work, play, and think about whats possible. One of these inventions was the “color changing car”.(去年11月，一家极具影响力的杂志公布了年度最佳发明名单，这些发明正在改变我们的生活、工作、娱乐和思考可能发生的事情。其中一项发明是“变色车”)”结合文章主要介绍

69、了一款变色车，说明了其会变色背后的原理以及这种车的好处。可知，D选项“汽车的新发明：定制的外观”最符合文章标题。故选D。DDo you know forests are one of our planets greatest carbon sinks? This means that they absorb an enormous amount of carbon released into the atmosphere, a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and the earths rising temperature.

70、The poplar tree, standing tall and regal, is known for its fast-growing nature and its gray, white, or black bark. A biotechnology firm in San Francisco, CA, genetically modified poplar trees. According to a four-month study conducted in their greenhouse, the engineered trees grew 53% larger than th

71、eir normal counterparts and stored 27% more CO2. In February 2023, the company also planted modified poplar trees in southern Georgia. This marks the first time in the United States that engineered trees have been planted outside of a controlled lab setting!All plants experience photosynthesis (光合作用

72、), where sunlight, water, and CO2 are transformed into glucose and oxygen. However, almost all trees release a poisonous substance in the process. To remove this substance, trees must use up newly-produced energy in another step known as photo-respiration (光呼吸作用), which does not produce any energy a

73、nd releases CO2 back into the atmosphere. To prevent plants from wasting their energy, the biotechnology firm engineered their poplar trees with genes found in green algae. First tested in tobacco plants, the foreign genes change the poisonous substance produced by trees into sugars, so that more en

74、ergy can be used for removing carbon and tree growth.Researchers from the company are planting their poplar trees on private land that has been previously disturbed, such as abandoned coal mines in Pennsylvania. The modified trees will be planted between natives like sweet gum and bald cypress to bo

75、ost biodiversity and maintain soil fertility (肥沃).Plant biologist Norberto Martinez from the University of Illinois suggests the engineered poplar trees may not thrive outdoors or will require more water and fertilizer to maintain their fast growth. Many sustainable forestry organizations have also

76、banned engineered trees from being planted in forests. The Global Justice Ecology Project argued that these trees could interfere with efforts to protect and regenerate forests.Though there may be opposing opinions regarding genetically modified poplar trees, one thing is for sure: they hold the pot

77、ential to lower greenhouse gases in our environment at a faster rate. This companys attempt is certainly an innovative approach to the ongoing climate crisis.31. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The necessity to absorb CO2.B. The basic idea behind engineered trees.C. The effect of photosynthesis

78、on plants.D. The importance of energy transformation.32 What does the underlined phrase “interfere with” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Save.B. Measure.C. Interrupt.D. Strengthen.33. What can we infer about the engineered poplar trees?A. Their first planting state was Pennsylvania.B. Their potentia

79、l to absorb CO2 outweighs concerns.C. They can release more oxygen than normal poplar trees.D. They will grow better if planted away from normal plants.34. The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. inform and argueB. analyse and adviseC. argue and discussD. examine and assess【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B 3

80、4. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加州旧金山的一家生物技术公司正在研究转基因杨树，经过改造的树木比普通树木长了53%，储存的二氧化碳也多了27%。但不同的人对此有不同的看法，有人反对有人支持。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“All plants experience photosynthesis (光合作用), where sunlight, water, and CO2 are transformed into glucose and oxygen. However, almost all trees release a poisonous substance in

81、 the process. To remove this substance, trees must use up newly-produced energy in another step known as photo-respiration (光呼吸作用), which does not produce any energy and releases CO2 back into the atmosphere. To prevent plants from wasting their energy, the biotechnology firm engineered their poplar

82、 trees with genes found in green algae. First tested in tobacco plants, the foreign genes change the poisonous substance produced by trees into sugars, so that more energy can be used for removing carbon and tree growth.(所有植物都经历光合作用，在光合作用中，阳光、水和二氧化碳转化为葡萄糖和氧气。然而，几乎所有树木都会在这个过程中释放出有毒物质。为了去除这种物质，树木必须在另一

83、个被称为光呼吸的步骤中消耗新产生的能量，这一步骤不产生任何能量，而是将二氧化碳释放回大气中。为了防止植物浪费能量，这家生物技术公司用绿藻中的基因改造了他们的杨树。外源基因首先在烟草植物上进行了测试，将树木产生的有毒物质转化为糖，这样就可以用更多的能量来去除碳，促进树木生长)”可知，第三段的主要内容是转基因树背后的基本思想。故选B。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Plant biologist Norberto Martinez from the University of Illinois suggests the engineered poplar trees may not thri

84、ve outdoors or will require more water and fertilizer to maintain their fast growth. Many sustainable forestry organizations have also banned engineered trees from being planted in forests.(伊利诺伊大学的植物生物学家Norberto Martinez表示，经过基因改造的杨树可能无法在户外茁壮成长，或者需要更多的水和肥料来保持其快速生长。许多可持续林业组织也禁止在森林中种植转基因树木)”可知，本段主要介绍基因

85、改造树木的劣势。由此推知，全球生态正义项目认为这些树木可能会干扰保护和再生森林的努力。故画线词意思是“干扰”。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though there may be opposing opinions regarding genetically modified poplar trees, one thing is for sure: they hold the potential to lower greenhouse gases in our environment at a faster rate.(尽管对转基因杨树可能会有反对意见，但有一件事是肯定的：它

86、们有可能以更快的速度减少我们环境中的温室气体)”可推知，改造过的杨树吸收二氧化碳的潜力大于担忧。故选B。【34题详解】，推理判断题。通读全文可知，第二段介绍转基因杨树的优势，第三段介绍转基因树背后的基本思想，第四段介绍支持转基因杨树的声音，第五段介绍反对转基因杨树的声音。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是提供信息和辩论。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Communion is a very difficult art. To commune with one another

87、 over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do. _35_ To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.

88、_36_ Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between t

89、he mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge._37_ It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is

90、incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you comm

91、une with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny. _38_ When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, trans

92、late or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out. _39_I think it is important to understand that a man who accumulates can never learn. Self-learning implies a fresh and eager mind-a mind that is not committed, that does not belong to anything and that is not limited to a

93、ny particular field. It is only such a mind that learns.A. Most of us hardly listen, and we hardly learn.B. Here is a personal story that illustrates this difference.C. The mind that is accumulating knowledge never learns.D. How can we make the shift from accumulating to learning?E. It seems to me o

94、f the utmost importance that we do listen in order to learn.F. From this inquiry comes the movement of learning, which is never accumulative.G. You are learning and either acceptance or denial of what is being said puts an end to learning.【答案】35. A 36. E 37. C 38. G 39. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流是一门

95、非常困难的艺术，为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一定的倾听方式不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何一个小学生都会做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听。【35题详解】根据上文“To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do.(就我们所面临的许多问题彼此交流需要倾听和学习，而这两者都很难做到)”以及后文“To commune with each other, we require a certain c

96、apacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.(为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一种特定的倾听方式不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何小学生都能做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听)”可知，上文提到了面临的问题，可知本句是在说明人们如何应对这样的问题的：大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学。故A选项“我们大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学”符合语境，故选A。【36题详解】根据后文“Le

97、arning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind

98、 that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.(学习不仅仅是知识的积累。知识永远不会改变你的思维方式;经验决不会开出理解之美。我们大多数人倾听的背景是我们所知道的和我们所经历的。也许你从来没有注意到真正学习的头脑和仅仅收集知识的头脑之间的区别)”可知，本段主要强调了倾听的作用，故E选项“在我看来，为了学习，倾听是最重要的”符合语境，故选E。【37题详解】根据后文“It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in t

99、erms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified

100、manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.(它总是根据自己的经验或收集到的知识来翻译它所听到的东西。它陷入了积累和增加它已经知道的东西的过程中，这样的头脑是无法学习的。我不知道你是否注意到了这一点。因此，在我看来，我们以一种有尊严的方式安静地彼此交流是非常重要的，为此，必须有一种倾听和学习)”可知，本段主要说明了积累导致头脑无法学习，强调彼此交流的重要性，故C选项“不断积累知识的头脑永远学不会东西”符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据上文“When you commune with your own heart,

101、 when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny.(当你与自己的心交流时，当你与你的朋友交流时，当你与天空、星星、日落、一朵花交流时，那么你当然是在倾听，以便学习。这并不意味着你接受或拒绝)”可知，本句总结上文与心和朋友交流的意义以及接受或拒

102、绝的影响：你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习，故G选项“你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习”符合语境，G选项“acceptance or denial”是提示，与上文“accept or deny”呼应，故选G。【39题详解】根据上文“When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are commu

103、ning. You are learning. You are searching out.(当你与日落、与朋友、与妻子或孩子交流时，你不批评、不否认、不支持、不翻译或认同。你在交流。你在学习。你在寻找)”可知，上文列举了种种交流的方式，本句为本段最后一句，应总结上文：从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，这永远不会累积。故F选项“从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，而学习永远不会累积”符合语境，故选F。第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。There are many historical

104、 sites and places in the world that give us insight and evidence of the past civilization. These sites help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture. These sites can be called common or universal heritage (遗产) of humankind and our world heritage.These sites from the past civilizations

105、are for all humans. We must live in them today and also pass them on to future generations. They teach us about our past and represent the great achievements of our ancestors and make us proud. World heritage has historical, cultural and economic significance. It has exceptional value and importance

106、 for humankind from history, science and arts points of view and must be cared for.Many UNESCO sites that stand today are under threat. There is a list of thirty sites by UNESCO that are endangered. There are many external factors responsible for damaging the world heritage, some of which are climat

107、e change, natural disasters, urbanization and unchecked tourism etc.With the growing strength of these external factors, it is becoming more and more important to take proper measures to save and preserve these timeless achievements of humankind. There are many communities and organizations in the w

108、orld which are working to protect these sites. We can work with these organizations, travel agencies, government groups and local communities. We should join them to support their cause. Another way to play our part is to shoulder travel responsibility Tourism can generate funds for the restoration

109、of historical sites but at the same time unchecked tourism can damage them seriously.The younger generation must preserve the identity of the people who came before them. No matter what is our reach, we should help protect them through effective means. Our every step would count and help in protecti

110、ng the world heritage sites.40. Why can many historical sites be called world heritage?_41. What is Paragraph 2 mainly talking about?_42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. Tourism can bring economic benefits which are used to restore the

111、historical sites, so we should remove the limitations on tourism._43. What can we do to shoulder our responsibilities to protect world heritage sites? (In about 40 words)_【答案】40. Because they help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture./Because they give us insight and evidence of th

112、e past civilization. 41. The importance of historical sites. 42. Tourism can bring economic benefits which are used to restore the historical sites, so we should remove the limitations on tourism. According to the passage, unchecked tourism can damage them seriously. 43. Possible version:We should v

113、isit world heritage sites in a responsible and sustainable way. We must follow tourism rules, including that we mustnt paint, carve or climb at will. Additionally, we can stop other tourists from behaving badly. Only when everyone takes action can we complete this great project.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说

114、明了历史遗址的作用以及意义，指出许多联合国教科文组织的遗产地正面临威胁，我们应该通过有效的手段帮助保护他们。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are many historical sites and places in the world that give us insight and evidence of the past civilization. These sites help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture. These sites can be called common or u

115、niversal heritage (遗产) of humankind and our world heritage. (世界上有许多历史遗迹和地方给我们提供了过去文明的洞察力和证据。这些遗址帮助我们了解我们的祖先，他们的生活和文化。这些遗址可以被称为人类的共同或普遍遗产和我们的世界遗产)”可知，许多历史遗迹可以被称为世界遗产是因为它们帮助我们了解我们的祖先，他们的生活和文化。/因为它们给了我们对过去文明的洞察和证据。故答案为Because they help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture./Because the

116、y give us insight and evidence of the past civilization.【41题详解】考查主旨大意。根据第二段“These sites from the past civilizations are for all humans. We must live in them today and also pass them on to future generations. They teach us about our past and represent the great achievements of our ancestors and make

117、us proud. World heritage has historical, cultural and economic significance. It has exceptional value and importance for humankind from history, science and arts points of view and must be cared for. (这些来自过去文明的遗址是给所有人类的。我们今天必须生活在它们之中，也要把它们传给后代。它们告诉我们我们的过去，代表了我们祖先的伟大成就，让我们感到自豪。世界遗产具有历史、文化和经济意义。从历史、科学

118、和艺术的角度来看，它对人类具有特殊的价值和重要性，必须得到照顾)”可知，第二段的主旨是历史遗迹的重要性。故答案为The importance of historical sites.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Another way to play our part is to shoulder travel responsibility Tourism can generate funds for the restoration of historical sites but at the same time unchecked tourism can damage them

119、 seriously. (另一种发挥我们作用的方式是承担旅游责任。旅游可以为历史遗迹的修复产生资金，但同时，不受限制的旅游会严重损害它们)”可知，错误的部分是“remove the limitations on tourism”，因为不受限制的旅游会严重损害历史遗址。故答案为Tourism can bring economic benefits which are used to restore the historical sites, so we should remove the limitations on tourism. According to the passage, unch

120、ecked tourism can damage them seriously.【43题详解】考查开放题。根据“我们能做些什么来承担保护世界遗产的责任？”可回答我们应该以负责任和可持续的方式参观世界遗产。我们必须遵守旅游规则，包括不能随意画画、雕刻或攀爬。此外，我们可以阻止其他游客的不良行为。只有每个人都行动起来，我们才能完成这项伟大的工程。故答案为We should visit world heritage sites in a responsible and sustainable way. We must follow tourism rules, including that we m

121、ustnt paint, carve or climb at will. Additionally, we can stop other tourists from behaving badly. Only when everyone takes action can we complete this great project.第二节(20分)44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。作为你校英语戏剧社的负责人，在毕业前的活动上你将做离任发言。请你用英文写一份发言稿，内容包括：1. 回顾开展的主要活动与收获；2. 表达感谢及祝愿。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。Goo

122、d morning, everyone!_【答案】Good morning, everyone!Its a great honor to deliver my last speech here as the President of English Drama Club.Time flies over us, but leaves its shadow behind. Never will I forget the colorful activities during the past two years, such as the lectures on Shakespeares plays,

123、 the course of drama appreciation and our amazing performances at the annual Art Festival. Our club not only gave us a platform to show ourselves, but also offered me a chance to witness the magic of communication and cooperation. My personal ability has been improving as well.Today I must express m

124、y sincere gratitude to all of you. Thank you for always being there to support me. Wish our club a brighter future. Thanks again.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。作为你校英语戏剧社的负责人，在毕业前的活动上你将做离任发言。请你用英文写一份发言稿。【详解】1.词汇积累机会：chanceopportunity表达：expressconvey改善：improvepromote感激：gratitudeappreciation2.句式拓展同

125、义句转换原句：Our club not only gave us a platform to show ourselves, but also offered me a chance to witness the magic of communication and cooperation.拓展句：Not only did our club not only give us a platform to show ourselves, but also it offered me a chance to witness the magic of communication and coopera

126、tion.【点睛】高分句型1 Never will I forget the colorful activities during the past two years, such as the lectures on Shakespeares plays, the course of drama appreciation and our amazing performances at the annual Art Festival. (运用了部分倒装)高分句型2 Its a great honor to deliver my last speech here as the President of English Drama Club. (运用了it作形式主语句型)