北京市海淀区2021届高三英语下学期二模试题.doc

1、北京市海淀区2021届高三英语下学期二模试题本试卷共8页,100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节,30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Jeremy can no longer read, drive a car or even recognize faces. But the 20-year-old, who lost his central vision two ye

2、ars ago, can 1 hit a small white ball into a slightly larger hole from a considerable distance.Jeremy was diagnosed with an extremely rare disease called LHON. Faced with the onset of blindness, Jeremy admits he 2 into depression for a couple of months and feared hed never play golf again.One day on

3、 TV he saw a guy crying bitterly who had just lost his family when a plane crashed down on his house. Jeremy thought, If this guy can make it through this, then I can 3 having no central vision That became his motto： Things could be 4 .”So six months after losing his sight, Jeremy decided to 5 his g

4、olf club again. He had played every Sunday since the age of twelve with his Dad Lionel. Blind golf brought them even closer because, unlike the regular version of the sport, its a 6 game.Lionel acts as his sons sighted coach on the course. He 7 the hole and hazards(障碍).Then he points in the directio

5、n, while Jeremy places his chin on his dads shoulder to get a_8_ of the correct position.They played together and won the World Blind Golf Championship. Besides, Jeremy has been collecting money and raising 9 of LHON with sponsored bike rides, half-marathons and even sky dives. “Thats the greater 10

6、 of my doing anything,” he told CNN.1. A. casuallyB. seriouslyC. successfullyD. accidentally2. A. ranB. lookedC. slippedD. burst3. A avoidB. sufferC. escapeD. survive4. A. funnierB. worseC. simplerD. crazier5. A. look forB. show offC. pick upD. deal with6. A. teamB. classC. mindD. strength7. A. clea

7、rsB. measuresC. discoversD. describes8. A. senseB. signC. viewD. mark9. A. levelsB. awarenessC. standardsD. spirit10. A. challengeB. opportunityC. potentialD. purpose第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABeijing residents woke up to yellow sky on S

8、unday morning as northern China 11 (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8a.m., according to data from the citys environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to 12 (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city.The city s w

9、eather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out 13 the sandstorm came into being.BSpeaking of map apps, some users have found that they are useful for more than just_ 14_(find) ones way. One man, San Franciscos Lenny Maughan, uses them to ma

10、ke works of art.Lenny runs everywhere he can. 15 he goes, he tracks his progress by using an app, such as Map MyRun or Strava. As he runs, the app traces a line along the path he follows. So, to make his runs more fun, Lenny decided to run 16 patterns that would create amazing images. To date, he ha

11、s shared runs that have turned into images of a heart, a portrait of artist Frida Kahlo, and more.CIn 2016, I unpacked my luggage at a newly constructed New York hotel only to realize that I _17_(forget) my toothpaste. I called room service, and an 18 (energy) voice responded, Someone will bring it

12、right up. Two minutes later, I opened my door only to discover an object resembling a trash can on wheels, 19 (equip) with a lid, a large button and a small digital screen. I cautiously pushed the button and the lid opened, revealing a toothpaste tube. The digital display flashed “Thank you.” The ro

13、botic visitor then turned around and rolled away. Before it disappeared, I snapped a photo, sending is to a friend, 20 later responded, “Wow, so cool!”第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AAubrey is a FedEx driver who has made regular delivery stops in

14、a rural neighborhood in Indiana. During her stops there, she would see an 11-year-old boy, Elijah, playing basketball with an old and rusty bent hoopIt was crazy to me how happy he was with the broken hoop. Every time I saw him, he was so joyful playing basketball. Seeing him so happy stuck with me,

15、 said Aubrey.The FedEx driver thought about Elijah many times over the months, and decided that she wanted to bless him in a special way. “I just wouldnt stop thinking about it. I really wanted to get him a hoop. He deserves it.”Aubrey went out and bought a new basketball hoop and installed it when

16、the family wasnt home. She left a note that read： Just wanted you and your son to have the best hoop thatll grow with him and all his friends.” She signed herself “just one of the FedEx drivers in the area.”“I read the note, and the moment I realized who it was from, I started to cry,” said Coledo,

17、Elijahs mom. When Elijah came home and I showed it to him, he got really emotional. He got teary-eyed but hes an 11-year-old boy, so he really didnt want to admit he was crying, laughed Coledo. “He just sat there for 10 minutes staring at the hoop until it really touched him that she went out of her

18、 way to do something just for him.”Aubrey had no idea how much her surprise gift had impacted Elijah and his family. They all had gone through a difficult year with Coledos husband suffering a serious injury, and Coledo crashing her car. Its just been a hard year. Were so humbled and grateful she wo

19、uld do this for us. This has been a huge thing for us,” said Coledo.When Aubrey made another FedEx delivery to their neighborhood, Elijah saw her, ran to her and hugged her. Elijah also gave Aubrey a card he made for her. And he invited her to play a game of basketball with him and his younger broth

20、er.“It was almost like wed always known each other. I really bonded with the boys,” said Aubrey. “Im just really happy they know that someone is out there for them.”21. Aubrey bought Elijah a new basketball hoop because .A. she wanted to make a friend using a surprise giftB. she was eager to donate

21、to children in the rural areaC. she was impressed by Elijah s passion for basketballD. she thought Elijah was unhappy with the broken hoop22. How did the family feel when they saw the new hoop?A. TouchedB. SatisfiedC. RelaxedD. Honored23. What influence did Aubrey s gift have on Elijah and his famil

22、y?A. It helped Elijah achieve his dream.B. It reduced the familys financial burden.C. It gave the family warmth at a difficult time.D. It encouraged Elijah to bond with the other boys.BWalking Water Science Experiment for KidsLets get set up for walking water with a few quick and easy steps the kids

23、 can definitely be a part of! We used test tubes for three sets of primary colors. You can use less as long as you have enough to go around with all the colors mixing. First, add red, yellow, and blue food coloring (one color per test tube) in order. Give each test tube a little stir (搅拌) to evenly

24、distribute the color. Try to put the same amount of food coloring in each container. Cut thin strips of white paper towel to fit in the test tubes. Place them into the test tubes. There will be two ends in each tube. Wait and watch what happens. At this point, you can set up a stopwatch to make note

25、s of how long it takes for the colors to meet and mix。Before you insert the strips, you have the perfect opportunity to make some predictions about what will happen. Have your kids come up with a prediction for their experiment? Will the water walk? You can start the conversation with What do you th

26、ink will happen when we put the towels into the water?”The whole process starts pretty quickly, but it does take a while for the colors to begin to mix with each other. Extend the science activity： pull out the watercolors and do some color mixing art while you wait. Make sure to check on your walki

27、ng water science experiment every once in a while to see the changes that are constantly taking place. The kids will be amazed at how the water seems to fight against gravity! As the paper towels absorb the colored water, the water travels up the towel strip. It meets up with the other colored water

28、 that has traveled up the neighboring strip. Where the primary colors interact, they turn into the secondary colors. Both colors will continue to travel as long as the towel fibers absorb the water.The experiment is colorful and simple to do! Plus, it is interesting for multiple ages. Older kids sho

29、uld be able to set it up all by themselves and can also use our science journal page to record their results.24. What materials are needed for the experiment?A. Test tubes, food coloring and paper towel.B. Drinking water, test tubes and a notebook.C. Food coloring, water cups and a paper cutter.D. M

30、ixed colors, towel strips and food containers.25. In the experiment, youre expected to .A. add three colors into each containerB. set up a stopwatch from the beginningC. put colorful towel strips in the test tubesD. stir each test tube to make the color even26. Water in the test tubes can walk becau

31、se .A. food coloring has the power to take in waterB. towel fibers absorb water and allow it to travelC. water flows naturally under the influence of gravityD. colors interact with each other and thus travel easilyCFor todays increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what its su

32、pposed to be： Each country specializes in what its best at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within countries specialize, too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins.However, the coronavirus crisis d

33、emonstrates what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from reaching its markets, or demand suddenly dropsboth of which are happening nowthe system falls apart.Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a leading

34、 exporter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns(封锁). At least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy wont work for every crop： Ghana, the worlds top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people started focusing on

35、buying essential items instead of chocolate.The loss in export income in Africa more generally could have a huge impact if the pandemic continues, as many countries there rely heavily on imported wheat and rice. The prices of these grains have soared not only because of rising demand for these grain

36、s during the crisis, but also because a few countriesincluding Russia and Vietnamimposed export restrictions out of fear that sending food abroad would lead to higher prices at home.Concentrated markets dominated by just a handful of companies heighten food system fragility. For example, just three

37、meatpacking plants process over 95 percent of Canadas beef and nearly all of its beef exports. Now, those meat processing plants have had to temporarily shut down because of outbreaks of COVID-19 among workers.Seeing the spoiled products across the world should force all of us to rethink our efficie

38、nt” food supplies. We need to rejuvenate(使恢复活力) local and regional food systems to reduce the vulnerabilities that come with being too reliant on imported and corporate-dominated foods. This doesnt mean cutting off all trade or abolishing all packaged foods, but it does mean building diversity, and

39、increasing opportunities for small and medium-scale enterprises to flourish in shorter, more sustainable food supply chains that are closer to home.One place to start is for governments to shift their support from the large-scale, specialized and export-oriented food system to building infrastructur

40、e for more diverse local food systems. Around the world .small-scale and organic producers have been overwhelmed with the surge in interest from customers who want to buy directly from farmers during the crisis. But these producers often lack the infrastructure to meet that demand. As governments ar

41、ound the world pass stimulus packages to address the crisis, building more diverse and localized food systems should be an obvious inclusion.27. In theory, specialization of the food system .A. adapts to changes efficientlyB. balances supply and demandC. focuses on essential itemsD. reduces costs of

42、28. The underlined word fragility in Paragraph 5 means .A. weaknessB. diversityC. unfairnessD. complexity29. What can we learn from the passage?A. A few countries restrict exports to stabilize local food prices.B. Grain prices rise due to Africas dependence on importation.C. Ghana might be less affe

43、cted by lockdowns than Belgium was.D. Packaged-food consumption should be encouraged to address the crisis.30. The main purpose of this passage is to .A .expose food security issues during the crisisB. advocate establishing diverse local food systemsC. discuss the development of a sustainable econom

44、yD. prove the importance of sound government policiesDEvery day, it seems that some new algorithm(算法)enables computers to disease a disease with unprecedented accuracy, renewing predictions that computers will soon replace doctors. What if computers could replace patients as well? If virtual humans

45、could have replaced real people in some stages of a coronavirus vaccine trial, it could have sped development of a preventive tool and slowed down the pandemic. Similarly, potential vaccines that werent likely to work could have been identified early, reducing trial costs and avoiding testing poor v

46、accine candidates on living volunteers. These are some of the benefits of in silico medicine, or the testing of drugs and treatments on virtual organs or body systems to predict how a real person will respond to the therapies.The modeling begins by feeding anatomical data drawn from noninvasive(非侵入式

47、)high-resolution imaging of an individuals actual organ into a complex mathematical model of the mechanisms that govern that organs function. Algorithms running on powerful computers resolve the resulting equations and unknowns, generating a virtual organ that looks and behaves like the real thing.I

48、n silico clinical trials are already underway to an extent. HeartFlow Analysis, for instance, enables clinicians to identify CAD（冠心病） based on CT images of a patients heart. The Heart Flow system uses these images to construct a fluid dynamic model of the blood running through the coronary blood ves

49、sels, thereby identifying abnormal conditions and their severity. Without this technology, doctors would need to perform an invasive operation to decide whether and how to intervene. Experimenting on digital models of individual patients can also help personalize therapy for any number of conditions

50、 and s already used in diabetes care.The philosophy behind in silico medicine is not new. The ability to create and simulate the performance of an object under hundreds of operating conditions has been a cornerstone of engineering for decades, such as for designing electronic circuits, airplanes and

51、 buildings. Various obstacles remain to its widespread implementation in medical research and development.The predictive power and reliability of this technology must be confirmed, and that will require several advances. Those include the generation of high quality medical databases from a large, et

52、hnically diverse patient base that has both women and men; improvement of mathematical models to account for the many interacting processes in the body; and further modification of AI methods that were developed mainly for computer-based speech and image recognition and need to be extended to provid

53、e biological insights.In recent years American and European regulators have approved some commercial uses of computer-based diagnostics, but meeting regulatory demands requires considerable time and money. Creating demand for these computer-based diagnostic tools is challenging as well. In silico me

54、dicine must be able to deliver cost-effective value for patients, clinicians and health care organizations to accelerate their adoption of the technology.31. According to the text, “in silico medicine might help .A. discover the cause of an illnessB. quicken the creation of new medicineC. recognize

55、the symptoms of a disease earlierD. avoid including unhealthy volunteers in trials32. We can learn from the text that Heart Flow Analysis .A. works effectively in CAD treatmentB. offers personalized therapies to patientsC. reduces the chances of invasive operationsD. builds models after identifying

56、abnormal conditions33. According to the author, further application of “in silico medicine” requires .A. money and time from the regulatorsB. replacement of old mathematical modelsC. more proof of its effectiveness and dependabilityD. progress in speech and image recognition technology34. Which of t

57、he following is the best title for the text?A. Looking to AI to End Experimental StudB. In Silico Medicine Saved Millions of livesC. Exploring the Future of Algorithm in MedicineD. Virtual Patients Could Revolutionize Medicine第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What Are th

58、e Roots of Your Self-Esteem?Self-esteem is a persons subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self-esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as Im a failure and Im beautiful”) as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that

59、 we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we dont believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. 35 Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook

60、. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved. 36 They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in

61、studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers._37_ As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor se

62、lf-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect 38 There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to

63、something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. 39 So if you struggle to reach out

64、 for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.B. When we start to doubt whats important in life, we tend to do less of it.C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.D. People wi

65、th poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesnt define them.G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and su

66、pport from the people around you when you need it.第三部分：书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节阅读表达(共4小题;第40、41小题各2分,第42小题3分,第43小题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求回答问题。The last thing I wanted to hear when my government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn during. my final year of college was： “Things are working out for your own good.

67、Just give them some time.” Those words just stirred a lot of anger in me.Then I read the story of the Chinese bamboo farmer, which gave me a different view on life. The seed of the Chinese bamboo is planted in the ground like every seed. It is watered and fed with nutrients daily, but it shows no im

68、mediate physical response and doesnt appear to grow. The farmer continues to water and feed the seed in year one, year two, and year three. No growth is seen until the fourth year, when the seed finally breaks through the ground. Then, in the space of just five weeks, it grows ninety feet tall. The

69、Chinese bamboo grows to its full capacity within 5 years.Despite not seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was doing. He continued to water and feed the plant for four years, because he believed that if he played his own role and did all that a farmer was supposed to do, then h

70、e would be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed for four years before enjoying the reward in the end.Life is not always straightforward. Most often, its not a matter of 5+5=10(Sum 1).Life can be more like2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0

71、+1+1=10(Sum2).Both sums lead to the same result, but through quite different paths and processes. To be mature is to accept that things might look rough right now but the story can still have a great ending.We might live in a microwave generation where everything seems to happen instantly; but many

72、things still obey the laws of nature. Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times. 40. What happened to the author in the final year of college?41. How does th

73、e Chinese bamboo grow in the fourth year?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.43. Which is your life more like, S

74、um 1 or Sum 2? Explain why. (about 40 words)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期你校将在海淀公园举行“阳光长跑”活动,请你给国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件,邀请他参加。内容包括：1.活动信息2.注意事项。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear Jim Yours,Li Hua(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内)北京市海淀区2021届高三二模英语试题参考答案第一部分 知识运用第一节 完形填空1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D第二节 语法填空11

75、. was hit/had been hit/was being hit 12. less 13. how/why 14. finding 15. Wherever 16. in 17. had forgotten 18. energetic 19. equipped 20. who 第二部分 阅读理解第一节21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D第二节35. B 36. A 37. D 38. E 39. G第三部分 书面表达第一节40. The authors go

76、vernment-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn. 41. The seed finally breaks through the ground and the bamboo grows ninety feet tall in five weeks. 42. To overcome difficulties, we need to trust things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.(1) According to the passage, t

77、o overcome difficulties, we need to do what we are supposed to be doing rather than simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.(2) To overcome difficulties, we need to trust things will work out, have patience and do what we are supposed to be doing.43. Sum 2. My life is also full of ups and

78、 downs. For example, I was never good at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senior 1. With patience and determination, I made every effort to turn the tide. It was not a smooth path, but I got an A in the final exam in senior 3.第二节One possible version:Dear Jim, How have you been? Our school will o

79、rganize an activity called “Sunshine Long-distance Run”. I wonder if you would like to come.The activity will be held at Haidian Park on May 16th. Students from all grades are welcome to join in. Participants need to gather at the West Gate by 8 am, and the running will start there at 8:20. The runn

80、ing will finish at the East Gate and the total distance will be around 5 km.If you decide to come, please remember to wear running shoes. You may leave your personal items at the storage desk, where members from the Students Union will keep an eye on them.I really hope you can join us. Let me know if you are interested.Yours,Li Hua13