2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 2 Making a difference Starting out .doc

1、课时素养评价四Unit 2Starting out & Understanding ideas. 单句语法填空1. There is no heating available due to fuel shortages (shortage). 2. We had great trouble making him understand (understand) what we taught him. 3. He really made a great difference to the world by his own efforts. 4. Training didnt result in g

2、ood results and was much less effective(effective)than expected. 5. Marie Curie made great contributions(contribution) to the development of science, but money and reputation made no sense to her. 6. Many countries in Africa are developing (develop) countries. 7. His plan was to become (become) an e

3、ngineer at first but he became a famous singer at last. 8. The boy donated all his pocket money to the charity. 9. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality (real). 10. One day, the potter forgot to take the rope, with which he tied the donkey every day. . 完成句子1. The more we do f

4、or the people, the happier well be. 我们为人民做得越多, 我们就越幸福。2. Much to my relief, my son was eventually admitted to a key university. 使我非常欣慰的是, 我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。3. This country is short of natural resources but rich in human resources. 这个国家缺乏自然资源, 却有着丰富的人力资源。4. When a young man starts to earn his living, h

5、e can no longer expect others to pay for his food and clothing. 当一个年轻人开始自己谋生的时候, 他不可能再指望别人为他的衣食买单。5. Its not how much you read but what you read that matters. 重要的不是你读了多少而是你读了什么。6. The policeman found that the house had been broken into and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen. 警察发现房子被人闯入了, 许多珠宝也被

6、偷了。7. I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity. 我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。8. It is such clean water that I can see the fish in it. 水如此清澈以至于我都能看见里面的鱼。9. Gehrig had trouble throwing and catching the ball. 格里克在投球和接球方面有困难。10. No matter how difficult it is, we cant give up. 无论多么困难, 我们都不能放弃。. 阅读理解

7、AEvery summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children

8、in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases. Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water(饮用水), while one sixth of the worlds population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Chall

9、enge. In late June, I learned that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr. Jim Jonza, my Scientist mentor(导师)from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is gre

10、en and cost-effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution. In October, my family and I flew to 3M Headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the inventio

11、n we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25, 000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of Americas Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges, Danny Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Educat

12、ion 3M Young Scientist Challenge is. . . ”You could hear a pin(大头针)drop as he opened the paper with the winners name, “Deepika Kurup!”As an Americas Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most importan

13、t things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are the key to success. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者通过一次去印度的经历, 发现人们缺乏清洁水, 就此得到启发, 回国后与Jim Jonza博士合作, 开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。1. Why does the author mention her visits to India?A. To express her great love for India. B. To show the problem of unclean water

14、. C. To explain the importance of relatives. D. To compare eastern and western cultures. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 每年有数百万人死于与水有关的疾病, 其中大多数是发展中国家的儿童。由此可以推断出, 作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题, 故选B项。2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?A. Researching. B. Ch

15、anging. C. Finishing. D. Using. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据My invention is green and cost-effective可知, 作者的发明很环保、划算, 因此作者期待将它应用到受有害的水污染影响的地区。故画线词implementing是“应用”的意思。3. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winners name?A. They appeared calm. B. They let out shouts of joy. C. They sat

16、quietly. D. They dropped pins to the author. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, Forester宣布获胜者时所有观众都屏住呼吸, 你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知观众都非常安静地坐着, 故选C项。4. How is the text mainly organized? A. In order of time. B. In order of complexity(复杂性). C. In order of place. D. In order of importance. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据全文可知, 作者主要按时间

17、顺序回顾了自己在发现教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历, 故选A项。BRecently, the most heated topic of “which is the right bin for my garbage” has swept China. Shanghai is among Chinas first cities to introduce garbage classification (垃圾分类) and also the countrys most serious in its performing. Since July 1, 2019, Shanghai resident

18、s have been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines. Individuals, including tourists, can be fined 200 yuan for failing to sort their waste properly, while companies and institutions can be fined up to 50, 000 yuan. The government has set up online ap

19、ps to handle sorting questions, and announced guidelines to address the “one-size-fits-all” method. The country is about to invest over 21 billion yuan in the construction of garbage processing facilities to meet demands. Now its introducing artificial intelligence into its waste management system,

20、by setting up little cameras in many sets of bins. However, not every face can be recognized by the smart dustbin until you register for the system. Once registration is completed, users will scan a QR code on the bin, which then opens it up to allow for garbage disposal (处理). Now, each household ge

21、ts one special QR code for throwing out waste. Here, the intelligent bins dont just calculate garbage weight; they also help residents gain rewards by collecting points through the special app. China is stepping into the age of compulsory garbage sorting with its cities revising laws on garbage clas

22、sification. For Shanghai, sixty percent of the city is expected to carry out garbage sorting by the end of 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage sorting is, without doubt, a costly but worthwhile endeavor. It is good for the environment and important for the countrys sustainable development (可持续发展),

23、 and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。最近, 最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海, 居民必须把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。5. What is the correct order in using smart garbage sorting system?Gain rewards. Open up the bin. Register for the system. Scan a QR code on the bin. A.

24、 B. C. D. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知并不是每一张脸都能被智能垃圾桶识别, 直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后, 用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码, 然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在, 每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里, 智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量, 还可以通过这款特殊的应用, 帮助居民通过积分获得奖励。所以使用智能垃圾分类系统的正确顺序是。6. What does the underlined word “endeavor” in the last paragraph mean?A. Effort. B. Fashion. C. Announcement.

25、 D. Decision. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段中It is good for the environment and important for the countrys sustainable development, and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well. “它对环境有好处, 对国家的可持续发展也很重要, 最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知, Garbage sorting is, without doubt, a costly but worthwhile endeavor. (

26、毫无疑问, 垃圾分类是一项成本高昂但值得努力的工作。)中的画线词的意思是“努力”。7. What can we know from the text?A. The intelligent bins can only show garbage weight. B. Residents have to sort garbage into four different categories in Shanghai. C. If companies forget to sort their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan. D. Tourists can avoid

27、 being fined for failing to sort their waste correctly. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Since July 1, 2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines. “自2019年7月1日起, 上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类, 否则将面临罚款。”由此可知, 在上海, 居民必须把垃圾分成四类。8. Why does our countr

28、y push ahead with compulsory garbage sorting?A. To build a garbage sorting system. B. To increase the use of artificial intelligence. C. To promote sustainable development of environment. D. To support the construction of garbage processing facilities. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is good for the environm

29、ent and important for the countrys sustainable development, and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well. “它对环境有好处, 对国家的可持续发展也很重要, 最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此判断出, 我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。. 阅读填句Economy rebounding after dropChinas economy experienced a deep reduction in the first quarter due t

30、o the COVID-19 outbreak. 1This indicates that the countrys recovery has gained a firmer footing, officials and economists said on Friday. 2However, it remains unclear whether the government will still set a GDP growth target for the year. Economists said Chinas policy for the next step needs to focu

31、s on stimulating(刺激) demand and stabilizing(稳定)employment to promote economic recovery. Mao Shengyong, NBS spokesman, said the outbreak created a serious blow to the countrys economy in the first quarter, but major economic indicators(指标) rebounded in March. 3Lian Ping, chief economist at Zhixin Inv

32、estment, said the government needs to strengthen policy support to prevent the economy from suffering a second wave of blows from the global economic downturn. 4While most large companies have resumed production, according to NBS calculations, many smaller companies are still struggling to resume wo

33、rk under rising financial difficulties and labor shortages. Retail sales dropped by 19 percent year-on-year in the first quarter, which indicated that domestic demand remains relatively weak and there is still room for policies to effectively boost households consumption(消费), economists said. 5The u

34、rban unemployment rate was 5. 9 percent in March, down by 0. 3 percentage point from February, according to the NBS. A. Urban household income declined by 3. 9 percent year-on-year in the first quarter. B. But major economic indicators improved mostly in March. C. Chinas GDP in the first quarter con

35、tracted by 6. 8 percent from a year earlier according to the National Bureau of Statistics. D. Chinese economy is recovering as more companies are borrowing to promote their production recovery. E. And the countrys economic performance will improve further in the second quarter. F. Chinese companies

36、, including exporters, have seen an increase in cancellations(取消) of orders. G. More support needs to be given to households as the decline(下降) of residents income. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍受新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发的影响, 中国的经济在第一季度经历了严重打击, 但第二季度有所改善, 经济恢复还面临着各种困难。1. 【解析】选B。根据上文提示“由于新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发, 中国经济在第一季度经历了严重的减少。”再根据下文提示“

37、官员和经济学家周五表示, 这表明, 该国的经济复苏已经获得了更坚实的基础。”承接上下文, B项But major economic indicators improved mostly in March. (但主要的经济指标通常在3月份有所改善。)切题。2. 【解析】选C。根据下文提示“不过, 目前仍不清楚政府是否仍将设定今年的GDP增长目标。”承接下文, C项Chinas GDP in the first quarter contracted by 6. 8 percent from a year earlier according to the National Bureau of Sta

38、tistics. (根据国家统计局的数据, 中国第一季度的GDP与去年同期相比下降了6. 8%。)切题。3. 【解析】选E。根据上文提示“国家统计局发言人毛胜勇表示, 疫情在第一季度对中国经济造成了严重打击, 但主要经济指标在3月份出现反弹。”承接上文, E项And the countrys economic performance will improve further in the second quarter. (中国的经济表现将在第二季度进一步改善。)切题。4. 【解析】选F。根据上文提示“智信投资首席经济学家连平表示, 政府需要加强政策支持, 以防止经济遭受全球经济衰退的第二波打击

39、。”再根据下文提示“根据国家统计局的计算, 虽然大多数大公司已恢复生产, 但许多较小的公司在日益加剧的财务困难和劳动力短缺的情况下仍难以恢复生产。”承接上下文, F项Chinese companies, including exporters, have seen an increase in cancellations of orders. (包括出口商在内的中国企业取消订单的情况有所增加。)切题。故选F。5. 【解析】选A。根据上文提示“经济学家表示, 第一季度零售额同比下降19%, 这表明国内需求仍然相对疲弱, 政策仍有有效提高家庭消费的空间。”再根据下文提示“根据国家统计局的数据, 3

40、月份城镇失业率为5. 9%, 比2月份下降了0. 3个百分点。”承接上下文, A项Urban household income declined by 3. 9 percent year-on-year in the first quarter. (第一季度, 城市家庭收入同比下降了3. 9%。)切题。故选A。【阅读多维训练】根据阅读理解A填空1. My invention is green and cost-effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmf

41、ul water pollution. 分析: 本句是一个并列句, 由and 连接。第二个分句中包含由that引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词places。译文: 我的发明是环保的、划算的, 我期待着能在受有害的水污染影响的地方应用它。2. One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are the key to success. 分析: 本句为复合句。I have learned 为省略that的定语从句, 修饰先行词One of the most important thi

42、ngs;that引导表语从句。译文: 我学到的最重要的事情之一就是沟通和团队合作是成功的关键。阅读理解The idea of changing the world seems very crazy, but there are a number of small everyday things we can do to make the world better. Community centers, parks, libraries, homeless shelters (避难所), hospitals and schools are all places where students ca

43、n make a difference through service. Alisia Orosco, 10, wanted to show her love and care to the sick kids at University Childrens Hospital in Texas, where her brother had been a patient. She earned money by doing part-time jobs and used it to buy different toys for the children in hospital. Now she

44、visits three hospitals every year with bags of toys. “I hope to help as many kids as I can, ” Alisia says. “It makes me happy to make them smile. ”High school students in a town of Washington made a difference in the lives of some needy children by building a playground at a workers camp. They got a

45、 lot of help from a building supply store which provided free building materials for the project. Teens in New Jersey decided to offer their help at the local soup kitchen where people with no homes can get free food. But there wasnt one. They created a one-day soup kitchen and were able to feed 60

46、needy people and allowed them to take the rest home. Their efforts got more people to understand the great need of the poor in their community. Because of their efforts and success, a permanent soup kitchen was created with the $10, 000 National Award they received from Newmans Own Inc. High school

47、students in Las Vegas helped 30 homeless adults prepare resumes during a job fair they held at the areas largest homeless shelter. At least nine of the adults later found jobs. 【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章通过几名青少年通过做一些小事来帮助别人的事例, 说明了小事情也可以产生大的影响, 从而让世界更美好。1. The underlined part “the project” in Paragraph 3 refers

48、 to the work of _. A. taking part in a camp B. building a playgroundC. making a workers camp D. opening a building supply store【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段可知, 来自华盛顿一个城镇的高中生为了改善贫困孩子的生活, 在一个工人聚集的营地修建了一个游乐场, 而修建游乐场所需的建材由一家建材商店免费提供。由此可知, the project指的是“修建游乐场”。2. Which of the following can best describe the studen

49、ts mentioned in the text?A. Kind. B. Brave. C. Proud. D. Honest. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章第一段引出话题小事情也可以产生大的影响, 从而让世界更美好。文中所举事例中的青少年用他们的行动表达了对弱者的关心和帮助, 他们的善心让世界变得更加美好。3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Students can make a difference only through community centers. B. Alisia Orosco earned money by doing part-time jobs. C. High school students made a difference by building libraries for the homeless. D. Teens decided to buy some expensive food for the patients. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She earned money by doing part-time jobs”可知, Alisia Orosco是通过做兼职挣钱来帮助那些生病的孩子们。