北京市第一六六中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末测试试卷（Word版带解析）.docx

1、北京市第一六六中学2022-2023学年度第一学期期末阶段测试高二年级英语第一部分：知识运用(共两节，25分)第一节：完型填空(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I had offered to watch my 3-year-old daughter, so that my wife could go out with a friend. I was getting some work done in my study while she appeared to be having a

2、good time in the other room. No problem, I figured. But then it got a little too _1_ and I shouted, “What are you doing?” No answer. I _2_ my question and heard her say, “Oh, nothing.” Nothing?I got up from my desk and ran out into the living room, where I saw her running across the hall. I followed

3、 and watched her as her little behind (屁股) made a quick _3_ into the bathroom. I had her _4_! I told her to turn around. She refused. I pulled out my big Daddy voice, “Young lady,” I said, “turn around!”_5_, she turned toward me. In her hand was what was left of my wifes new lipstick, and every squa

4、re inch of her face was _6_ with bright red! As she looked up at me with fearful eyes, I heard every voice that had been shouted to me as a child: How could youYou should knowHow many times have you been _7_ What a bad thing to do It was just a matter of my picking out which old words I was going to

5、 use on her so that she would know what a bad girl she had been. But before I could let loose (发火), I looked down at the sweater on her. In big letters it said, “Im A PERFECT LITTLE ANGEL!” I looked back up into her eyes and, instead of seeing a bad girl who didnt listen, I saw a little angel full o

6、f _8_ that I had come dangerously close to destroying. “My dear, lets take a picture so that Mummy can see how _9_ you look.” I took the picture and thanked God that I didnt _10_ the chance to prove what a perfect little angel he had given me.1. A. longB. quietC. calmD. strange2. A. askedB. settledC

7、. raisedD. repeated3. A. wayB. turnC. changeD. step4. A. followedB. scoldedC. concernedD. fooled5. A. SlowlyB. EagerlyC. AngrilyD. Unfortunately6. A. filledB. markedC. printedD. covered7. A. forbiddenB. beatenC. frightenedD. told8. A. tricksB. valueC. pitiesD. sadness9. A. dirtyB. uglyC. specialD. s

8、illy10. A. haveB. missC. getD. take【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在家里照顾女儿，女儿在另外一个房间里玩妻子刚刚买的口红，被发现以后作者原本想像自己的父母亲责备自己那样责备她，但是看见毛衣上写着的“IM A PERFECT LITTLE ANGEL”，他改变了主意，给女儿拍了照片。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是然后就太安静了，我就喊起来。A. long长的；B. quiet安静的；C. calm镇定的；D. strange奇怪的。根据

9、下文“No answer”可知，作者女儿很安静。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又重复问了一遍，才听见她说“没什么，没什么”。A. asked问；B. settled解决；C. raised提高；D. repeated重复，反复。根据上文“No answer”可知，作者女儿没有回答，所以作者重复了一下问题。故选D。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跟在她的后面，她转身进了厕所。A. way方法，道路；B. turn转向，转身；C. change改变；D. step一步。根据下文“into the bathroom”可知，她转身进了厕所。故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

10、意：我让她很担心。A. followed跟随；B. scolded责骂；C. concerned使担忧；D. fooled愚弄。根据下文“I told her to turn around. She refused”可知，作者让女儿很担心，因为她做的事害怕作者发现，所以不敢转身。故选C。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，她朝我转了过来。A. Slowly慢慢地；B. Eagerly急切地；C. Angrily生气地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“she turned toward me”可知，作者的女儿应该是慢慢转身。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她

11、手里拿着我妻子新的口红，脸上的每一寸都被红彤彤的红色覆盖着！A. filled充满；B. marked打分，弄脏；C. printed打印，印刷；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“every square inch of her face”和下文“with bright red”可知，作者女儿脸上的每一寸都被红彤彤的红色覆盖着。故选D。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：跟你说过多少次了。A. forbidden禁止；B. beaten击败，打败；C. frightened使害怕；D. told告诉。根据上文“I heard every voice that had been shouted

12、 to me as a child”可知，此处是大人训斥小孩时常说的话“跟你说过多少次了”，空格处意为“告诉”。故选D。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抬头看着她的眼睛，看到的不是一个不听话的坏女孩，而是一个充满了我差点就要毁掉的有重要价值的东西的小天使。A. tricks阴谋，把戏；B. value贵重的东西；C. pities遗憾；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“instead of seeing a bad girl who didnt listen”可知，作者看到的不是一个不听话的坏女孩，而是一个充满了作者差点就要毁掉的有重要价值的东西的小天使。故选B。【9题详解】考查形容词

13、词义辨析。句意：甜心，我们拍一张照片吧，让妈妈看看你是看起来多么特别。A. dirty脏的；B. ugly丑陋的；C. special特别的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据下文“a perfect little angel”可知，此处表示“让妈妈看看你是看起来多么特别”。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拍好了照片，感谢上帝我没有错过证明他给了我们一个多么完美的天使的机会。A. have拥有；B. miss错过；C. get得到；D. take拿走。根据上文“I took the picture”可知，作者拍了照片，所以是没有错过证明上帝给了作者一个多么完美的天使的机会。故选B。第

14、二节：语法填空(共10题;每小题1分，满分10分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Probably one of the most beneficial _11_ (innovation) is drip irrigation, which has made _12_ possible to develop big, green farms in the middle of the desert. _13_ there have been experiments in different places

15、 in the past to make drip irrigation a reality, it is in the Middle Eastern country of Israel that drip irrigation has become a modern success.【答案】11. innovations 12. it 13. While#Although#Though【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了滴灌技术，它使在沙漠中部开发大型绿色农场成为可能。【11题详解】考查名词复数。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的创新之一，它使在沙漠中部开发大型绿色农场成为可能。one o

16、f后跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数innovations。故填innovations。【12题详解】考查代词。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的创新之一，它使在沙漠中部开发大型绿色农场成为可能。make it possible to do sth.是固定短语，意为“使做某事成为可能”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故填it。【13题详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方进行过试验使滴灌成为现实，但在中东国家以色列，滴灌在现代取得了成功。根据“there have been experiments in different places in the past to make drip

17、irrigation a reality, it is in the Middle Eastern country of Israel that drip irrigation has become a modern success”可知，句子表示“虽然过去在不同的地方进行过试验使滴灌成为现实，但在中东国家以色列，滴灌在现代取得了成功”，空格处意为“虽然，尽管”，应用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括

18、号内所给词的正确形式填空。One way to get more out of your listening is _14_ (predict) what you will hear. Using the pictures _15_ (provide) and the knowledge you already have, you can guess the kinds of information you should listen for. At times, you may even be able to guess exactly what _16_ (talk) about. Thi

19、s will help you focus better when listening, _17_ (make) your listening more effective.【答案】14. to predict 15. provided 16. will be talked 17. making【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高听力的方法预测你将听到的。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从听中获得更多的方法之一是预测你将听到什么。分析可知，空处作表语，对主语进行具体说明，应用不定式。故填to predict。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：利用提供的图片和你已经掌握的知识

20、，你可以猜出你应该听的信息种类。空处作后置定语修饰名词pictures，且和pictures是逻辑被动关系，故应用过去分词。故填provided。【16题详解】考查时态语态。句意：有时候，你甚至能准确地猜出将要谈论什么。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据guess和语境可知“谈论”的动作发生在将来，且主语what和talk about是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be talked。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这将使你在听的时候更好地集中注意力，让你的听力更有效。空处应填非谓语动词作状语，此处为自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。C阅读下列短文，

21、根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Even though Leonardo began his career as a painter, he most often worked as an engineer. One reason was _18_ Italy was at war, and people needed engineers to help build city defences more than they needed artists. After his death, it was discove

22、red _19_ he had kept many notebooks describing and illustrating his work, his inventions, and his scientific research. None of them were published until the late 19th century. Until then, few people had had any idea _20_ they contained.【答案】18. that 19. that 20. what【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人们发现达芬奇的笔记记录着很

23、多与工程、发明相关的内容。【18题详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个原因是意大利处于战争中，人们需要工程师来帮助建造城市防御，而不是艺术家。空处引导表语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。【19题详解】考查主语从句。句意：在他死后，人们发现他保留了许多笔记本，描述和说明他的工作，他的发明和他的科学研究。分析可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。【20题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在那之前，很少有人知道笔记的内容。空处引导同位语从句对名词idea进行解释说明，从句缺少宾语，且指

24、代事物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。第二部分：阅读理解(共三节，43分)第一节(共11题;每小题2分，满分22分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADuring his schools “College Colours Day”, a fourth-grade boy in Florida, who dreams to become a student of the University of Tennessee, wanted to wear a shirt of the university, but he didnt

25、have one. His teacher, Laura Snyder, suggested that he should wear an orange shirt to show his spirit.When the day finally arrived, the boy was so excited to show his shirt-an orange one with a piece of paper attached to it, on which was his homemade design of the UT logo.But by lunch time, the spir

26、ited fan was in tears. Some girls bullied (霸凌) him and made fun of his design that he had pinned to his shirt. Back to Snyder s room, he put his head on desk and was crying, devastated.In hopes of raising the boys spirits, Snyder planned on buying him an official University of Tennessee T-shirt, and

27、 asked friends online if they had contacts with the university who could “make it a little extra special for him.”The post immediately went viral and Snyder was contacted by the University of Tennessee informing her that they wanted to send the boy a care package of swag and apparel(服装) in support o

28、f him.The story, however, didnt end here. The University of Tennessee said it was turning his “U.T.” design into an official T-shirt and had pre-sold more than 50,000 shirts online. The university wont profit from the shirts: It is donating the money to a charity dedicated to (致力于) getting rid of bu

29、llying of all forms.“When I told him that his design was being made into a real shirt and people wanted to wear it, his jaw dropped, said Snyder. “He had a big smile on his face, walked taller, and I could tell his confidence grew!”In recognition of the fourth-graders spirit, the university has also

30、 extended an offer of honorary admission for him to join the Class of 2032. In addition, he has been awarded a four-year scholarship if he decides to attend UT in 2028 and meets admission requirements.21. How did the boy react to his schools “College Colours Day”?A He prepared for it with a creative

31、 design.B. He dreamed of winning a prize on the day.C. He was afraid of being laughed at on the day.D. He was shy of joining it without a university shirt.22. How did the boy probably feel after lunch on the “College Colour Day”?A. Excited and thankful.B. Confident and happy.C. Shocked and sad.D. Ne

32、rvous and worried.23. What Snyder did for the boy shows that _.A a strong will is vital to successB. a promise will change ones lifeC. the youth should be treated equallyD. caring love can make a big difference【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个男孩在“大学颜色日”这一天精心设计的衬衫受到了嘲笑，反而在Snyder关心和大学校方的帮

33、助下，使这件精心设计的衬衫被制成一件真正的衬衫，这使得这个男孩感到了关爱，建立了自信，同时这所大学答应如果这个男孩考取了这所大学，将给与奖学金。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“When the day finally arrived, the boy was so excited to show his shirt-an orange one with a piece of paper attached to it, on which was his homemade design of the UT logo.( 当这一天终于到来的时候，男孩非常兴奋地展示了他的衬衫一件橙色的衬

34、衫，上面贴着一张纸，上面是他自己设计的UT标志。)”可知，对于他的学校的“大学颜色日”，这个男孩准备了一件很有创意的衬衫。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“But by lunch time, the spirited fan was in tears. Some girls bullied him and made fun of his design that he had pinned to his shirt. Back to Snyder s room, he put his head on desk and was crying, devastated.( 但是

35、到了午餐时间，这个精神饱满的粉丝已经哭了。一些女孩欺负他，取笑他在衬衫上的设计。回到斯奈德的房间，他把头靠在桌子上哭了起来，悲痛欲绝。)”可知，午餐过后，这个男孩受到了欺负和嘲笑，这个男孩很受惊，感到很伤心。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容：“When I told him that his design was being made into a real shirt and people wanted to wear it, his jaw dropped, said Snyder. “He had a big smile on his face, walked

36、taller, and I could tell his confidence grew!”(“当我告诉他，他的设计正被制成一件真正的衬衫，人们想穿它时，他大吃一惊，”斯奈德说。“他脸上带着大大的微笑，走得更高了，我可以看出他的信心在增长!”)可知，由此判断出，Snyder为这个男孩所做的一切表明，关爱可以带来很大的改变。故选D项。BTo be clear, plastic bags are rightly thought of as a threat thats harmful to human health. According to the National Resources Defe

37、nse Council, over a decade ago, the average American family took home almost 1,500 plastic shopping bags a year, filling our cabinets, kitchen drawers, and landfills (垃圾填埋场). Today the numbers are slightly better: According to National Geographic, as of 2018, shoppers in the United States use almost

38、 one plastic bag per resident per day.This is not a story on the evil of plastics, but on whether the reusable bag can justify its existence. Although more environmentally friendly than traditional single-use plastic bags, reusable bags, depending on what they are made of, are more energy-intensive

39、(耗能) to recycle.According to a report by the United Nations Environment Program, “depending on what they are made of, reusable bags might have to be deconstructed in a costly recycling process to separate the different materials. As a result, in many cases, reusable bags are not recycled. That means

40、 despite the best intentions, millions of reusable bags designed to replace the need for traditional plastic shopping bags, will also end up in landfills.Another point to consider, not all reusable bags are equal in terms of their recyclability. There are a wide range of reusable bag options on the

41、market, and reusable bags tend to be made of more than one material to give the bag added reinforcement (耐用) and added street fashion. On a life cycle basis, stronger, heavier bags-no matter what material they are made of-will have a more severe environmental effect. Thats because heavier bags use m

42、ore resources to produce as well as distribute.Just like plastic bags did, reusable bags multiply rapidly. Used for promotional (促销的)purposes and marketing of all kinds, reusable bags growing popularity means bags that have been used very little (or not at all) can be found piled in streets, in garb

43、age cans in city parks, and basically everywhere. Therefore, consumers have come to see them as disposable, defeating their very purpose.In the end, the best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or dont use them at all. Using a reusable bag once or twi

44、ce, and then throwing it away, doesnt do the environment any favors.24. What can we learn from the passage?A. Plastic bags are refused by environmentalists.B. Shops in America have limited the use of plastic bags.C. The need of strong and fashionable reusable bags is more than the supply.D. Reusable

45、 bags demand more resources to produce and recycle than expected.25. The words “very purpose in Paragraph 6 refer to the intention of _.A. being left in landfillsB. being used as much as possibleC. replacing plastic bagsD. promoting goods on the market26. Which of the following would be the best tit

46、le for the passage?A. How to Recycle Reusable BagsB. Disadvantages of Plastic BagsC. Reusable Bags? Think Twice!D. Plastic Bags, Less Popular?27. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA. B. C.

47、D. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了可重复使用的袋子虽然受到了普及欢迎，但由于使用不当和错误地将其随意丢弃而没有重复使用，导致其命运和塑料袋无异，反而在生产和回收方面会更耗能，作者总结在使用可重复使用的袋子时，要三思其目的可重复使用才能环保。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段末尾句内容“Although more environmentally friendly than traditional single-use plastic bags, reusable bags, depending on what they

48、 are made of, are more energy-intensive to recycle.( 虽然环保袋比传统的单次使用的塑胶袋更环保，但可再用的塑胶袋，视乎它们的成分而定，在循环使用上更耗能。)”以及文章第三段内容：According to a report by the United Nations Environment Program, “depending on what they are made of, reusable bags might have to be deconstructed in a costly recycling process to separ

49、ate the different materials. As a result, in many cases, reusable bags are not recycled.( 根据联合国环境规划署(United Nations Environment Program)的一份报告，“可重复使用的袋子可能要经过成本高昂的回收过程才能被分解，以分离不同的材料，这取决于它们是由什么材料制成的。”因此，在许多情况下，可重复使用的袋子是不能回收的。”)可知，可重复使用的袋子在生产方面成分复杂，在回收起来之后要要花费更高的代价分解。因此选项D“Reusable bags demand more reso

50、urces to produce and recycle than expected.( 可重复使用的袋子需要比预期更多的资源来生产和回收。)”属于合理推理。故选D项。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据前文内容“Just like plastic bags did, reusable bags multiply rapidly. Used for promotional purposes and marketing of all kinds, reusable bags growing popularity means bags that have been used very little (o

51、r not at all) can be found piled in streets, in garbage cans in city parks, and basically everywhere.( 就像塑料袋一样，可重复使用的袋子迅速繁殖。用于各种促销和市场推广的可重复使用的袋子越来越受欢迎，这意味着很少使用（或根本不用）的袋子可以在街道上、城市公园的垃圾桶中找到，而且基本上随处可见。可知，可重复的袋子与塑料袋有着相同的命运随处丢弃，从而使人们忘记了它们存在的目的可重复使用。因此，句中“very purpose”应是指“尽可能多地使用”。故选B项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。文章末尾段落

52、再次点明主旨“In the end, the best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or dont use them at all. Using a reusable bag once or twice, and then throwing it away, doesnt do the environment any favors.( 最后，使用环保袋的最佳做法是不要半途而废:要么一直使用，要么根本不使用。一次或两次使用可重复使用的袋子，然后把它扔掉，对

53、环境没有任何好处。)”可知，作者想要表达的是在使用可重复使用的袋子，需要多加考虑，想清楚。选项C. Reusable Bags? Think Twice!( 环保袋吗?三思而后行!)贴合主旨，可作最佳标题。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。文章总体结构为总分总结构。第一段提出现象：塑料购物袋的使用减少；第二段为中心点：whether the reusable bag can justify its existence(可重复使用的袋子是否可以证明它的存在？并提出了第一个要点：虽然环保袋比传统的单次使用的塑胶袋更环保，但可再用的塑胶袋，视乎它们的成分而定，在循环使用上更耗能。)；第三段也就是第

54、一个次要点：可重复使用的袋子可能必须在昂贵的回收过程中进行解构，以分离不同的材料。因此，在很多情况下，可重复使用的塑料袋是不可回收的可重复使用的塑料袋是不可回收的。第四段提出第二个次要点Another point to consider, not all reusable bags are equal in terms of their recyclability(另一个需要考虑的问题是，并非所有可重复使用的袋子在可回收性方面都是平等的。)第 五 段是第二个要点：第五段提出由于人们到处乱扔可重复使用的袋子，导致人们忘记了它们的最初目的：可重复使用。第六段得出结论：In the end, the

55、 best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or dont use them at all. ( 最后，使用环保袋的最佳做法是不要半途而废:要么一直使用，要么根本不使用。)因此可知，选项A合理概括文章结构。故选A项。【点睛】归纳标题题技巧标题的特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。在做题时，可以根据此特点进行选择判断。比如文章第3小题：3.Which of the followi

56、ng would be the best title for the passage?AHow to Recycle Reusable BagsBDisadvantages of Plastic BagsCReusable Bags? Think Twice!DPlastic Bags, Less Popular?根据标题特点可知，选项A. How to Recycle Reusable Bags(如何回收环保袋)只在文章某一段提及如何回收环保袋的，表达范围不恰当；选项B. Disadvantages of Plastic Bags(塑料袋的缺点)未提及；选项D. Plastic Bags,

57、Less Popular?( 塑料袋，不那么流行了?)只在文章第一段提及，表达范围不当。选项C. Reusable Bags? Think Twice!既包含核心词Reusable Bags，Think Twice高度概括了文章中对于可重复使用购物袋的议论。因此答案为C项。CDid you know that you have been involved in the largest research study in the United States but you never agreed to join in it? Thats because since 1996, youand b

58、asically everyone you knowhave been eating genetically modified (GM, 转基因) foods.GM foods are made by forcing a piece of DNA from a totally different species into the DNA of a plant or animal. This method creates a whole new species of plant that would have never existed in nature. Most soybeans, cor

59、n and cotton are genetically modified. Products such as oil and sugar are created from these crops and added to processed foods. This explains why nearly 80 percent of processed and most fast foods contain genetically modified organisms (GMOs).The question is, are GMOs safe for us and the environmen

60、t? Actually, the answers are not clear. There are no long-term studies showing that GMOs are safe for humans and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not do its own safety testing of GMOS. Instead, the biotech companies that are trying to make money do their own safety testing, which the FDA

61、only reviews. However, there are animal studies with negative findings, including damage in some body parts and immune system changes. It is clear we need more research in this area.The environment is another problem. What are the results when a genetically modified plant crossbreeds with other plan

62、ts? Do we really want to change the face of plant life with unknown results for the benefit of a few large companies?The bottom line is that we have a product in our food supply with unknown health and environmental problems. At the very least, we should have these foods labeled (贴标签). However, try

63、as we might, we cannot make that happen in the U.S. Even though 9 out of 10 people want them labeled, the biotech companies and food producers do not. If their products are beneficial and safe, why not label them? Why not be proud of your products? Over 60 countries such as China label GMOs and some

64、 countries ban them. Why cant we have transparency in our food supply?Washingtons Initiative 522, a bill suggesting labeling products with GMOs, will help us get the transparency we desire. But companies such as Monsanto, Dupont Pioneer will pay millions to create misleading and incorrect ads insist

65、ing that labeling will cost money, hurt farmers, and isnt necessary because GMOs are safe. The biggest fear of these companies is that once GMOs are labeled, we wont want to eat them anymore.I dont know about you, but I think if Washingtons Initiative 522 passes and genetically modified foods are la

66、beled, it might change the face of American agriculture forever.28. What do we know about GM foods from Para.1 and 2?A. They are the source of most fast foods.B. They are consumed by almost everyone in the world.C. They come from the longest research study in the USA.D. They are produced by changing

67、 the DNA of a plant or animal.29. What is the authors attitude towards the safety of GMOs?A. Doubtful.B. ObjectiveC. PositiveD. Uninterested30. In Para.5, the underlined words “have transparency in” probably mean _.A. build upB. depend onC. cut offD. know about31. Why does the author write this pass

68、age?A. To call for more research on GM foods.B. To persuade companies to label GM foods.C. To gain support for Washingtons Initiative 522.D. To demand FDA to develop a food testing system.【答案】28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲转基因食品可能对健康和环境所造成的影响来支持华盛顿的522法案，给转基因商品贴上标签，让大家了解商品的特点。【28题详解】细节

69、理解题。根据第二段的“GM foods are made by forcing a piece of DNA from a totally different species into the DNA of a plant or animal. This method creates a whole new species of plant that would have never existed in nature.(转基因食品是通过将一个完全不同物种的DNA片段植入到植物或动物的DNA中来制造的。这种方法创造了一种在自然界中从未存在过的全新植物物种。)”可知，转基因食品是通过改变植物或动

70、物的DNA产生的。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“The question is, are GMOs safe for us and the environment? Actually, the answers are not clear.(问题是，转基因生物对我们和环境安全吗？实际上，答案并不明确。)”可知，作者对转基因生物的安全性持怀疑态度，故选A。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Even though 9 out of 10 people want them labeled, the biotech companies and food producers do

71、not. If their products are beneficial and safe, why not label them? Why not be proud of your products? Over 60 countries such as China label GMOs and some countries ban them.(尽管十分之九的人希望他们的产品贴上标签，但生物技术公司和食品生产商不希望。如果他们的产品是有益和安全的，为什么不贴上标签呢？为什么不为自己的产品感到骄傲呢？中国等60多个国家对转基因生物进行标注，还有一些国家禁止转基因生物。)”可知，生物技术公司和食

72、品生产商不在他们所生产的产品上贴标签，所以我们没法了解所吃的食物，由此可推知，划线短语所在句子表示“为什么我们不能了解我们的食物呢”，因此划线短语have transparency in的意思是“了解”，和know about意思相近，故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I dont know about you, but I think if Washingtons Initiative 522 passes and genetically modified foods are labeled, it might change the face of American agri

73、culture forever.(我不知道你怎么想，但我认为如果华盛顿的522法案通过，转基因食品被贴上标签，它可能会永远改变美国农业的面貌。)”可知，本文作者写这篇文章的目的是为华盛顿的522倡议争取支持。故选C。第二节(共5题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What Is Emotional Eating?Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. _3

74、2_ Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lotespecially without realizing itemotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.Not many of us make the connection between eating and our f

75、eelings._33_ One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that its caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when theyre stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine

76、s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. _34_Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. _35_ Its not easy

77、 to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of whats going on.Were all emotional eaters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is tha

78、t once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like. _36_Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.A. Believe it or not, weve all been there.B. One study

79、 found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.C. Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.D. Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.E. Thats why it helps to know the difference between

80、 physical hunger and emotional hunger.F. More often, though, its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.G. If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.【答案】32. A 33. C 34. F 35. G 36. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了情绪化进食就是用吃来排解信中的情绪，但如果吃得太多，情绪

81、化进食会影响体重、健康和整体幸福感，所以要控制。【32题详解】上文“Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger.(情绪化进食是指人们用食物来处理情绪而不是满足饥饿感。)”指出情绪化进食是为了排解情绪，而不是为了满足饥饿感，下文“Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing fo

82、r a big test?(你有没有在准备大考的时候，因为无聊吃完一整袋薯片或者一块接一块地吃饼干？)”以提问的方式举例说明我们都有这种情绪化进食情况，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，A项“Believe it or not, weve all been there.(信不信由你，我们都经历过。)”符合，故选A。33题详解】下文“One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that its caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when theyre stre

83、ssed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentines Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.(关于情绪化饮食最大的误区之一就是它是由负面情绪引起的。是的，人们经常在压力大、孤独、悲伤、焦虑或无聊时求助于食物。但是情绪化的饮食也可以和积极的情绪联系起来，比如情人节分享甜点的浪漫或者节日盛宴的庆祝。)”指

84、出引起情绪化进食的原因，C项“Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.(了解情绪化饮食的驱动因素可以帮助人们采取措施改变它。)”符合语境，引起下文，指出要了解情绪化驱动的原因，故选C。【34题详解】上文“But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentines Day or the celebration o

85、f a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.(但是情绪化的饮食也可以和积极的情绪联系起来，比如情人节分享甜点的浪漫或者节日盛宴的庆祝。有时情绪化进食与重大生活事件有关，比如死亡或离婚。)”从不同方面介绍了情绪化进食的原因，空处应该也应是描述情绪化进食的原因，F项“More often, though, its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek c

86、omfort in food.(但更多的时候，是无数的日常压力导致人们在食物中寻求安慰。)”承接上文，介绍的是情绪化进食的原因，故选F。【35题详解】上文“Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. (情绪化的饮食模式是可以学习的: 一个孩子在取得巨大成就后得到糖果，他长大后可能会用糖果作为工作出色的奖励。)”介绍了食物和情绪之间联系的一个例

87、子，G选项“If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.(如果一个哭泣的男孩得到一些饼干，他可能会把饼干与舒适联系起来。)”承接上文，介绍饮食和情绪之间联联系的另外一个例子，故选G。【36题详解】上文“ But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that onc

88、e the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like. (但对一些人来说，情绪化饮食可能是一个真正的问题，导致严重的体重增加或其他问题。情绪化进食的问题在于，一旦进食的乐趣消失，引起进食的感觉就会留存下来。而且你经常会对你喜欢吃的食物的数量或类型感到更糟糕。)”指出情绪化进食的危害，所以我们要了解身体饥饿和情感饥饿之间的区别。E项“Thats why it

89、helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.(这就是为什么了解身体饥饿和情感饥饿之间的区别是有好处的。)”符合语境，对上文进行总结，故选E。第三节(共4小题;第1、2小题各2分，第3小题3分，第4小题4分，共11分)阅读下面短文和问题，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make

90、 you feel like your contribution in those places is truly worthwhile? Knowing what motivates you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals.Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and differentiating motivations because people care about so many diffe

91、rent things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: achievement (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, c

92、hallenge and learning.Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are external; these are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to do better. Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and feeling like ones work is significant, come from within the perso

93、n doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away.Since a wide variety of motivations exist, its important to understand which ones are persuasive to you. Trying to motivate yourself i

94、n a way that doesnt appeal to you will make it difficult to convince yourself to work. When choosing a career, think about what motivates you and make decisions accordingly. If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, look for a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level.Pe

95、ople motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can solve this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable.When you know what motivates you, you will be

96、able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a leader, knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same.37. Why is it important for people to be clear of their motivations?38. How can the motivations be classified according to McClelland?39

97、. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones.40. Please briefly present what motivat

98、es you in your life and how it works. (about 40 words)【答案】37. Because knowing what motivates people can help them find meaning in their work and make efforts to reach their goals. 38. He classified them into 3 main motivations: achievement, affiliation and power. 39. Since the external motivations i

99、nvolve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones.In the text, the author points out that internal motivations tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away. 40.

100、言之有理即可【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍知道自己工作的动机能帮助你找到工作的意义，并努力实现目标。心理学家有各种各样的方法来描述和区分动机。文章主要介绍了David McClelland确定的人们的三个主要动机：成功的感觉，亲密的关系和影响世界的能力。【37题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those plac

101、es is truly worthwhile? Knowing what motivates you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals.（为什么你每天早上都要从床上爬起来去上班或上学?怎样才能让你觉得自己在这些地方的贡献是值得的?知道自己工作的动机能帮助你找到工作的意义，并努力实现目标。）”可知，知道工作的动机能帮助你找到工作的意义，并努力实现目标，故答案为Because knowing what motivates people can help them find mean

102、ing in their work and make efforts to reach their goals.【38题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第二句“Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: achievement (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world).（心理学家David McClelland确定了

103、人们的三个主要动机:成就(成功的感觉)，归属(亲密的关系)和权力(影响世界的能力)。）”可知，David McClelland确定了人们的三个主要动机就是，成就(成功的感觉)，归属(亲密的关系)和权力(影响世界的能力)，故答案为He classified them into 3 main motivations: achievement, affiliation and power.【39题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第三段最后一句“These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external

104、 ones because they represent things that can never be taken away.（这些理想被称为内部动机，往往比外部动机更可靠，因为它们代表着永远不能被拿走的东西。）”可知，文章指出内部动机往往比外部动机更可靠，因为它们代表的东西永远不能被拿走，故答案为Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the

105、 internal ones. In the text, the author points out that internal motivations tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away.【40题详解】开放题。回答时先说出自己生活中的动机，然后再陈述是它是如何影响你的。答案言之有理即可。第三部分：选词填空(共12题;每小题1分，满分12分)选词填空boost, grasp, suspect, defend, motivate

106、, expose, deny41. I believe the publication of this book next month _ his confidence.42. He _ that it was his fault and wouldnt apologize.43. At that moment, I began _ whether to tell her the truth.44. You must _ the opportunity when there is one.45. Keep indoors and dont _ your skin to the sun.46.

107、His courage in _ civil rights inspired many people.【答案】41. will boost 42. denied 43. to suspect 44. grasp 45. expose 46. defending【解析】【41题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我相信下个月出版这本书将增强他的信心。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句意和“his confidence”可知，此处指增强信心，动词boost“增强”符合题意；结合语境陈述将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will boost。【42题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他否认这是他的错，不愿道歉。空处为

108、主句谓语动词，根据“wouldnt apologize”可知，此处指否认是他自己的错误，动词deny“否认”符合题意；陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填denied。43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在那一刻，我开始怀疑是否应该告诉她真相。根据“whether to tell her the truth”可知，此处指怀疑是否要告知她真相，动词suspect“怀疑”符合题意，因suspect表示人的心理活动，位于begin后只能用不定式形式。故填to suspect。【44题详解】考查动词。句意：有机会时你一定要抓住。根据“the opportunity when there is one.”可

109、知，此处指抓住机会，动词grasp“抓住”符合题意，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填grasp。【45题详解】考查动词。句意：待在室内，不要让皮肤暴露在阳光下。根据“Keep indoors”和“your skin to the sun”可知，此处指不要让皮肤暴露在阳光下，动词expose“使接触，暴露”符合题意，助动词 dont后接动词原形。故填expose。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他捍卫民权的勇气激励了许多人。根据“civil rights inspired many people.”可知，此处指捍卫民权，动词defend“捍卫”符合题意，介词in后接defend的动名词形式

110、作宾语。故填defending。选词填空essential, initial, solid, complex, severe, efficient, intense47. Concentration is _ if you want to do a good job.48. My work is so _ that I even have no time to take a rest.49. Computers are very _ at collecting information.50. You should present _ evidence to prove your point.5

111、1. My _ reaction was to reject the offer but on second thoughts, I accepted it.52. It took a lot of work to figure out the _ structure of the human brain.【答案】47. essential 48. intense 49. efficient 50. solid 51. initial 52. complex【解析】【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你想把工作做好，注意力集中是必不可少的。空格处用形容词作表语，由“if you want to

112、 do a good job”可知，句子表示“如果你想把工作做好，注意力集中是必不可少的”，空格处意为“必不可少的”，形容词是essential。故填essential。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：我的工作非常紧张，我甚至没有时间休息。空格处用形容词作表语，由“I even have no time to take a rest”可知，句子表示“我的工作非常紧张，我甚至没有时间休息”，空格处意为“紧张的”，形容词是intense。故填intense。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：计算机收集信息的效率很高。空格处用形容词作表语，由“Computers”和“at collecting inf

113、ormation”可知，句子表示“计算机收集信息的效率很高”，空格处意为“效率高的”，形容词是efficient。故填efficient。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：你应该拿出确凿的证据来证明你的观点。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词evidence，由“to prove your point”可知，句子表示“你应该拿出确凿的证据来证明你的观点”，空格处意为“可信赖的，切实的”，形容词是solid。故填solid。【51题详解】考查形容词。句意：我最初的反应是拒绝这个提议，但转念一想，我接受了。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词reaction，由“but on second thoughts,

114、 I accepted it”可知，此处表示“我最初的反应是拒绝这个提议”，空格处意为“最初的”，形容词是initial。故填initial。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意：要弄清楚人类大脑的复杂结构需要做很多工作。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词structure，由“structure of the human brain”可知，人类大脑的结构是复杂的，空格处意为“复杂的”，形容词是complex。故填complex。第四部分：翻译句子(共5小题，每题2分，共10分)53. 那人承认目击了事故。(witness)The man admitted _.【答案】witnessing/having

115、 witnessed the accident【解析】【详解】考查短语和名词。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语admit doing/having done“承认做过某事”，“目睹”是witness，故“承认目睹”表达为admit witnessing/having witnessed，宾语“事故”表达为accident，此处为特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填witnessing/having witnessed the accident。54. 他接受教育的学院叫做德勒斯顿艺术学院。(educate)The college _is called the Dresden Art Academy.

116、【答案】where he was educated【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和语态。对比中英文句子，此处应用“他接受教育的”修饰名词college，可处理为定语从句；从句主语是he，谓语动词是educate，主谓之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态；先行词是college，关系词代替它在从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where he was educated。55. 人们相信参加志愿活动非常有意义。(participate in)It_volunteer activities is very meaningful.【答案】is believed

117、 that participating in【解析】【详解】考查固定句型，固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“人们相信参加”，“人们相信”是固定句型It is believed that.，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，“参加”是固定短语participate in，用动名词在that从句中作主语，因此空格处是is believed that participating in。故填is believed that participating in。56. 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给了屠呦呦，她的研究发现了青蒿素。(research，lead to)This

118、years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, _the discovery of artemisinin.【答案】whose research led to【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和短语。对比中英文句子可知，“她的研究发现了青蒿素”可处理为非限制性定语从句，先行词Tu Youyou和名词research之间为所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句，谓语动词“导致，通向”用lead to表达，陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。故填whose research led to。57. 他不仅

119、勇敢，还很执着。最重要的，最让我印象深刻的是他愿意承认错误。(impress)He was not only brave, but also determined. Above all, _was that he was willing to admit his faults.【答案】what impressed me most【解析】【详解】考查从句和时态。对比中英文句子，空处应填“最让我印象深刻”，结合下文“was that he was willing to admit his faults”可知，此处可用固定句型：what.is that.，what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句；

120、从句谓语动词“使印象深刻”用impress表达，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；宾语“我”用me表达；程度副词“最”用most表达。故填what impressed me most。第五部分：作文(共10分)58. 假设你是李华，某英语报纸正在征文，话题为“Would you like to participate in an exchange program in high school? Why or why not?”请写信表明你的观点并陈述原因。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear editor,_Sincerely yours,Li Hua【答案】D

121、ear editor,I would love to participate in a high school exchange program. The reasons are as follows.First, the exchange program can provide a good language environment. I can live and study in a pure English environment, and my English listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities will be grea

122、tly improved unconsciously. Moreover, the exchange program allows me to enjoy the best educational resources and the most advanced educational concepts in the world, which will broaden my horizon. Finally, the exchange program allows me to live independently away from my parents, which is conducive

123、to cultivating my independence and make me grow into a person who can overcome all difficulties in life and study.Sincerely yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生就话题“Would you like to participate in an exchange program in high school? Why or why not?”给某英语报纸的编辑表明自己的观点并陈述原因。【详解】1.词汇积累提供：provideoffer此外：m

124、oreoverwhats more最后：finallyin the end参加：participate intake part in2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I can live and study in a pure English environment, and my English listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities will be greatly improved unconsciously.拓展句：I can live and study in a pure English environment, where

125、 my English listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities will be greatly improved unconsciously.【点睛】高分句型1 Moreover, the exchange program allows me to enjoy the best educational resources and the most advanced educational concepts in the world, which will broaden my horizon. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Finally, the exchange program allows me to live independently away from my parents, which is conducive to cultivating my independence and make me grow into a person who can overcome all difficulties in life and study. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和who引导的限制性定语从句)