2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas素养评价（含解析）外研版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、课时素养评价 十五Unit 5Developing ideas.用单词的正确形式填空1.Some believe in the existence of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth (mythic).2.The use of pesticides (pesticide)and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables.3.A great deal of Japanese culture and religion had been adapted (adapt)from t

2、he older civilization.4.In recent years, astronomers have detected (detect) many organic molecules in space.5.However, the most legendary (legend)figure should be Zhuang Zedong.6.I pulled gently at his arm, but it seemed as if he had forgotten my existence(exist).7.Bats are surprisingly (surprise)lo

3、ng-lived creatures, some having a life span of around 20 years.8.Nobody was injured (injure) in the explosion, but the building was completely destroyed.9.Recent decades have seen China make many scientific(science) achievements. 10.Dont touch the camera linked (link) to the powerful computer.选词填空as

4、 well as, give sb. some advice to, be said to do, be known for, call for, learn about, in some ways, be linked to, send sb. to, prevent.from1.Id appreciate it if you could give me some advice to learn English.2.Today China attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all ov

5、er the world want to learn about China.3.There is convincing evidence that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun.4.I was about to go to bed when I heard someone call for help.5.Pets are amusing and entertaining, but we are in some ways doing animals harm.6.Though lacking in money, his parents

6、 managed to send him to a university.7.Some measures have been taken to prevent the environment from being destroyed.8.Harbin is known for the beautiful ice and snow.9.He is said to have left the stage already as he has become an official.10.I can never stop the love for reading because books are li

7、ke good friends as well as wise teachers in my life.完成句子1.Yao Ming is said to have played basketball on the NBA rockets for ten years.据说姚明在NBA 火箭队打过十年的篮球。2.Doctors have taken various measures to prevent people from being infected with the virus in China.中国的医生已经采取了各种各样的措施来阻止人们感染病毒。3.Doctor Li as well

8、 as several other doctors has found that the virus can spread from person to person recently.李医生还有其他几位医生最近已经发现了这个病毒可以人传人。4.As is known to us, the three letters PLA stand for the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army.众所周知, PLA 这三个字母代表的是中国人民解放军。5.With a local guide leading the way, we got there easily.在当地导游

9、的带领下, 我们很容易就到了那里。.阅读理解 Have you ever been to the Forbidden City, which is a place full of wonders.From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, theres no wonder its one of Chinas most popular tourist destinations.But even more than 600 years after it was built, its still managing to s

10、erve up surprise.Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, its estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes.And while most structures arent made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to resis

11、t anything.A television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient buildings designers.A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model of one of the Forbidden Citys palaces, at one fifth of the size.To show how strong ancient Chinese arch

12、itecture really is, the model was put to the test.It was subjected to simulated (模拟) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scaleequal to the largest ever recorded quakeand survived.Instead of being destroyed, the model was just moved gently during the test.According to experts, the answer to the Forbidde

13、n Citys strength, as well as other ancient Chinese structures, lies in dougonga centuries-old building method invented in China.This is the name for special brackets (托架, 支架) on buildings.Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together w

14、hen the weather gets rough.“Dougong design is an important earthquakeresistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (减震器) of car, ” according to Chinese National Geography.The Forbidden City attracts visitor

15、s because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京故宫的斗拱设计, 这种设计使故宫里的建筑经历多次地震仍然能够保存完好。1.What is the article mainly about? A.What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destinati

16、on.B.The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty.C.A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures.D.What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容, 特别是倒数第二段中的“Dougong design is an important earthquakeresistant feature of c

17、lassical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure”可知, 斗拱设计帮助故宫里的建筑在多次地震中幸存。故选D。2.Which can best replace the underlined phrase “was subjected to” in Paragraph 4? A.Obeyed. B.Controlled.C.Suffered.D.Affected.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线处前的“To show how strong ancient Chinese a

18、rchitecture really is, the model was put to the test”以及下文可知, 为了证明中国古建筑的抗震性, 这个模型做了测试。在测试中, 斗拱模型经受了一场里氏9.5级的模拟地震, 由此可知画线处意为“经受”。故选C。3.What is the aim of the test in the UK documentary? A.To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty.B.To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture.C.To

19、explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings.D.To discover a long-lost Chinese building method.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test”可知, 测试的目的是证明中国古建筑的抗震性。故选B。4.What is “dougong” according to the text? A.A paint that g

20、ives Chinese buildings an attractive look.B.A tool used by ancient people to measure earthquakes.C.A building piece located in the centre of a traditional Chinese house.D.A special building method that keeps a traditional Chinese building strong.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“dougonga centuries-old building m

21、ethod invented in China.This is the name for special brackets on buildings”可知, 斗拱是将中国传统建筑物牢牢组装在一起的一种特殊建筑方法。故选D。.阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the fast pace of modern society, more and more people choose to eat processed foods without exactly knowing the harm.According to the fo

22、llowing information, lets know more about the processed foods.Whats so bad about processed foods? Processed foods like chips, soda and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar and fat.1 Obesity is a condition involving too much body fat.It increases the risk of many health problems.2The researchers say

23、 processed foods are made mostly of industrialized materials and additives.Soda, packaged cookies, instant noodles and chicken nuggets are some examples of highly processed foods.But products that can seem healthy, such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt belong to this kind, to

24、o.Whats wrong with processed foods? Researchers at the National Institutes of Health conducted a four-week study involving 20 people.3The researchers permitted the 20 participants to eat as much or as little as they wanted.They were taken to a medical center so their health and behavior could be obs

25、erved.In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease.A similar study in Spain linked eating more processed foods to a higher risk of death in general.Why will you eat processed foods? 4 Especially, people have limited time and

26、 money.Choosing processed foods can save time and it is delicious with some additive things in it.The scientists also found that people ate processed foods more quickly.Kevin Hall is one of the researchers who led the study.He told the AP that processed foods are usually “softer and easier to chew a

27、nd swallow”.5A.What do processed foods mean? B.Avoid processed foods can be hard.C.Its no good for you to choose processed foods.D.Whats the disadvantages of the processed foods? E.The above reasons can account for the harm of processed food clearly.F.Scientists have already linked packaged foods to

28、 rising obesity rates around the world.G.They found that people eat about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed foods.【文章大意】文章说明了人们吃加工食品的原因和危害。1.【解析】选F。根据前一句Processed foods like chips, soda and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar and fat(像薯条、苏打水和冷冻比萨这样的加工食品含有大量的盐、糖和脂肪)可知, 设空处与该句构成因果关系,

29、 F项“科学家已经将包装食品与全球不断上升的肥胖率联系起来”符合题意, 故选F。2.【解析】选A。根据下一句The researchers say processed foods are made mostly of industrialized materials and additives(研究人员说, 加工食品主要是由工业化的材料和添加剂组成的)可知, 设空处与该句构成解释关系, A项“加工食品是什么意思? ”符合题意, 故选A。3.【解析】选G。根据下一句The researchers permitted the 20 participants to eat as much or as

30、 little as they wanted(研究人员允许20名参与者想吃多少就吃多少)可知, 设空处与该句构成递进关系, G项“他们发现, 人们每天多吃500多卡路里的加工食品”符合题意, 故选G。4.【解析】选B。根据下文Especially, people have limited time and money.Choosing processed foods can save time and it is delicious with some additive things in it(特别是, 人们的时间和金钱有限。选择加工食品可以节省时间, 并且因为一些添加剂所以味道也不错)可知

31、, 设空处与该句构成解释关系, B项“避免加工食品可能很难”符合题意, 故选B。5.【解析】选E。根据最后一个空的位置可知, 是对上文的原因进行一个小结, 因此此处的意思应该是“以上原因可以清楚地说明加工食品的危害”, 故选E。.完形填空My teacher Mr Bush is the most positive person Ive ever met.He has the ability to 1 positiveness to young students.He always smiles and never gets 2 at students.Once I met some 3 be

32、cause I felt overshadowed by my brother, who seemed to be doing great in every way.Hopelessness 4 me whenever I was in a classroom.But that all 5 when I met my teacher for life, Mr Bush.Having found out about my problems, he just kept 6 me.Because of Mr Bush, my world was filled with 7 and power.A f

33、ew weeks ago, everyone in my class was feeling a bit 8 because of a bad day at school.But things got 9 after a close of Mr Bushs class.He drew a picture on the whiteboard that 10 a half-full glass of water.He then said, “Class, the point of view in which you look at things will 11 your feelings.Like

34、 this glass of water; some people see it and think What! Only half a glass of water.How 12 I am. Whereas other people think Wow, Im so thirsty.Great! Half a glass of water for me! It all is in the 13 you think.”Mr Bushs 14 way of thinking always makes me feel glad and 15. I will always remember him.

35、【文章大意】本文属于记叙文阅读, 作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了“我”的老师布什先生, 他对“我”的帮助很大。1.A.pass on B.apply for C.consist of D.give up【解析】选A。 考查短语辨析。pass on传递; apply for申请; consist of包括; give up 放弃。他有能力把积极的一面传递给年轻学生。故选A。2.A.strictB.patientC.madD.curious【解析】选C。 考查形容词辨析。strict严格的; patient耐心的; mad疯狂的; curious好奇的。他总是微笑, 从不生学生的气。故选C。3.

36、A.friendsB.needsC.realitiesD.difficulties【解析】选D。 考查名词辨析。friends朋友; needs需要; realities现实; difficulties困难。有一次, 我遇到了一些困难, 因为我的哥哥给我蒙上了阴影, 他似乎在各个方面都做得很好。故选D。4.A.drownedB.resistedC.curedD.relaxed【解析】选A。 考查动词辨析。drowned溺水; resisted抵抗; cured治愈; relaxed放松。每当我在教室里, 绝望就淹没了我。故选A。5.A.happenedB.changedC.solvedD.in

37、cluded【解析】选B。 考查动词辨析。happened发生; changed更改; solved解决; included包括。但当我见到我的终身老师, 布什先生时, 一切都变了。他发现了我的问题, 就一直鼓励我。故选B。6.A.forgivingB.calmingC.encouragingD.calling【解析】选C。 考查动词辨析。forgiving宽恕; calming平静; encouraging鼓舞; calling呼叫。但当我见到我的终身老师, 布什先生时, 一切都变了。他发现了我的问题, 就一直鼓励我。故选C。7.A.sunshineB.fearC.surpriseD.dis

38、appointment【解析】选A。 考查名词辨析。sunshine阳光; fear恐惧; surprise惊喜; disappointment失望。因为布什先生, 我的世界充满了力量。故选A。8.A.cheerfulB.downC.eagerD.afraid【解析】选B。 考查形容词辨析。cheerful开朗的; down沮丧的; eager急切的; afraid害怕的。几周前, 因为学校的一天不好, 我们班上的每个人都感到有点沮丧。故选B。9.A.warmerB.higherC.betterD.happier【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。warmer更暖; higher更高; better

39、更好; happier更快乐; 但在布什先生的课结束后, 情况有所好转。故选C。10.A.servedB.filledC.boughtD.showed【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。served服务; filled填充; bought购买; showed展示。他在白板上画了一幅画, 画的是半杯水。故选D。11.A.hurtB.care aboutC.give awayD.affect【解析】选D。考查单词短语辨析。hurt受伤; care about关心; give away赠送; affect影响; 他接着说, “同学们, 你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。故选D。12.A.pleasedB.unf

40、ortunateC.brightD.perfect【解析】选B。 考查形容词辨析。pleased高兴的; unfortunate不幸的; bright明亮的; perfect完美的; “我真不幸。”而其他人则认为“哇, 我太渴了。太好了! ”故选B。13.A.wayB.directionC.endD.past【解析】选A。 考查名词辨析。way方式; direction方向; end结束; past过去; 这一切都在于你思考的方式。故选A。14.A.differentB.optimisticC.specialD.important【解析】选B。 考查形容词辨析。different不同的; op

41、timistic乐观的; special特别的; important重要的。布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和充满希望。故选B。15.A.proudB.carefulC.lonelyD.hopeful【解析】选D。 考查形容词辨析。proud骄傲的; careful小心的; lonely孤独的; hopeful充满希望的。布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和充满希望。故选D。.语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you Douyin? Got a momentor, perhaps, 15 seconds? In the age of f

42、ragmented (碎片化的) time, Douyin, which is a massive hit in China right now, can perfectly fill in the gaps when people have nothing 1._ (good) to do between two events; its daily plays 2._ (spread) over one billion in the past few years.The Meipai(美拍)-like app allows users to produce creative short vi

43、deos that combine music with mouth shapes or body moves.They can dance, sing, cook or do 3. their hearts desire.Launched in September 2016, Douyin 4._ (own) by Zhang Yiming, one of Chinas top tech leaders; he chairs ByteDance.Similar to how Meipai worked 5. a time-limited video platform (平台), Douyin

44、 is a 6._ (collect) of brief 15-second music videos, mainly focused on young people, 7. its certainly suitable for all ages.On the platform, childish and strange behaviors are 8. (total) acceptable.In high-pressure world, it is no surprise that Douyin has become so successfulall you need to do is pi

45、ck up your phone and open the app to relieve some stress and have 9._ laugh.The app pushes related videos and products based on users preferences and consequently, Douyin can be quite addictivemany people just want to enjoy a few minutes at first, but end up 10._(consume) several hours video time.1.

46、【解析】better。考查形容词比较级。句意: 在这个碎片化时间的时代, 当人们在两个活动之间没有什么更好的事情去做时, 中国现在流行的抖音能满足人们的需求。根据句意空格处表达在两件事中没有更好的事情去做, 所以应用形容词good的比较级, 故填better。2.【解析】have spread。考查时态。分析句子结构可知, 空格处是谓语, 根据后面的in the past few years可知, 用现在完成时, 其构成是have/has done, 本句主语是复数, 故填have spread。3.【解析】whatever/what/anything。考查宾语从句的引导词或代词。句意: 他们

47、能够跳舞、唱歌、做饭或者做他们心中想做的(无论什么/任何)事。一种为空格处引导宾语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 意为“什么, 无论什么”所以用whatever无论什么/what什么, 引导的宾语从句; 另一种可以把句子看作定语从句, 此时their hearts desire为定语从句, anything任何事, 作为先行词。故填whatever/what/anything。4.【解析】is owned。考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知, 空格处要作谓语, 主语是Douyin, 和own是被动关系, 又根据上下文可知, 要用一般现在时, 所以, 要填一般现在时的被动语态, 其构成是be done,

48、因为Douyin是第三人称单数, 故填 is owned。 5.【解析】as。考查介词。句意: 作为一个有时间限制的视频平台as介词, 意为“作为”。结合句意, 故填as。 6.【解析】collection。考查可数名词的单复数。根据空格前的a, 可知空格处应填名词, a修饰可数名词单数, collect的名词形式是collection“收藏品, 作品集”。故填collection。7.【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 抖音是一个15秒的音乐视频作品集, 主要针对年轻人, 但它肯定适合所有年龄段。根据句意前后分句之间为转折关系, 所以用表示转折关系的连词but连接。故填but。8.【解析】totally。考查副词。空格处修饰形容词acceptable, 要用副词, 所以要填total的副词形式totally, 故填totally。9.【解析】a。考查固定短语中的不定冠词。have a laugh是固定短语, 意为“笑一下”。故填a。10.【解析】consuming。考查动名词。end up后面接动名词, end up doing sth.以做某事结束, 故填consuming。