2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 单元加餐练4 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（含解析）新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、单元加餐练.阅读理解A California family drives a car that could help protect the environment. When Jon and Sandy go to the store or to their daughters soccer games, they drive in hightech style. They drive a $1 million, fuelcellpowered car. It may be the worlds most expensive car and one of the most environme

2、ntally friendly cars. The FCX is the first fuelcellpowered car to be used by a family anywhere in the world. The FCX uses hydrogen and oxygen for fuel. Car makers have been working to develop vehicles that are better for the environment. They are developing cars that use fuel other than gasoline.And

3、 then what is fuel cell technology? Fuel cell technology works by changing the chemicals hydrogen and oxygen into water. This process produces electricity, and water vapor which comes out of the exhaust pipe. Most cars release dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Many scientis

4、ts say these gases are major contributors to global warming. “The FCX is driven just like any other vehicle on the road, but without the gases which pollute the environment，” scientists say. Fuel cell technology has been around since the 1800s, but scientists have yet been to perfect it. They say it

5、 may take years before the technology is ready for widespread use. Another earthfriendly car is already on the market. Hybrid cars use both gasoline and an electric motor. They are becoming more popular with customers because they cut pollution and improve fuel efficiency.本文是一篇说明文。介绍了使汽车更加环保的燃料电池技术。

6、1Which of the following about the FCX is not true?AIt lets out dangerous gases to pollute the air.BIt may be the most expensive car in the world.CIt is one of the most environmentally friendly cars.DIt uses hydrogen and oxygen for fuel other than gasoline.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The FCX is driven just

7、like any other vehicle on the road, but without the gases which pollute the environment.”可知，FCX和道路上的任何其他车辆一样，但没有污染环境的气体。因此推断FCX不会排放有害气体污染空气，故A项正确。2According to the passage, what is the major cause for global warming?AGases from FCX. BGases from cars.CHydrogen and oxygen.DWater vapor from cars.答案：B解析

8、：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Most cars release dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Many scientists say these gases are major contributors to global warming.”可知，科学家认为汽车所排放的像一氧化碳和二氧化碳这样的气体是全球变暖的主要原因，故B项正确。3From the passage, we know that fuel cell technology _.Aworks by waterBworks by electri

9、cityChas been widely used since the 1800sDhas a history for over two hundred years答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fuel cell technology has been around since the 1800s，”可知，燃料电池技术从19世纪就开始了，现在已经21世纪了，至今已经有200多年的历史了，故D项正确。4What can we infer from the passage?AThere will be no gasoline for cars.BGlobal warming has b

10、een stopped.CPeople cant afford to buy cars in the future.DFuture cars will be environmentally friendly.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They are becoming more popular with customers because they cut pollution and improve fuel efficiency.”可知，因为能够减少污染和提高燃料效率，这种汽车将越来越受消费者的欢迎，为了满足消费者的需要，汽车生产商必定会生产越来越多的环保汽车，也就是说未来的

11、汽车将是环保的，故D项正确。.七选五How to make Quick Decisions For Your LifeWe make decisions every day. _1_ When it comes to making decisions, choosing the right one can at times be stressful, especially if the decision must be made quickly. Indecision often weighs us down, but there are some useful tips for making

12、 quick decisions more easily. _2_ Sometimes the key to making a quick decision comes down to planning ahead of time for just such an occasion. We all know were going to come to an important decisionmaking point sooner or later, so having a plan already in hand can put our mind at ease when that time

13、 comes.Overcome fear. _3_ While it may seem difficult to overcome the fear of making the wrong choice, many experts agree that we shouldnt be afraid to make the wrong decision, even if it seems important. The vast majority of wrong decisions can be corrected, while delaying decisions can often lead

14、to more problems.Write down all the advantages and disadvantages of your decision. Even if you dont have all the information, writing down all the pros and cons(优缺点) is a good starting point for figuring out what to do. In cases where there simply isnt enough time to write things down, make a mental

15、 list in your mind. Thinking of the pros and cons can help you organize your thoughts. _4_ Determine criteria. Remember that every decision you make should come with a certain list of criteria. _5_ But once you know the requirements youre looking for, making a decision will become easier. Look for t

16、he choice that satisfies the list youve made, and once that choice is found, you should move ahead with it.AHave a plan.BThe list may be short or quite long.CCommunicate your decision with others.DAnd this can always lead to a clear answer.ESo cut out any options that you know you will not choose.FO

17、ften, one thing that keeps us from making decisions is fear.GSome can be very important while others are not serious in the long run.这篇文章的作者就如何快速做出决定，给出了自己的一些建议。1G解析：根据We make decisions every day.以及When it comes to making decisions, choosing the right one can at times be stressful, especially if the

18、 decision must be made quickly. 可知，这里意思是有些可能非常重要，而有些从长远上来看，并不是十分重要，所以选G。2A解析：根据Sometimes the key to making a quick decision comes down to planning ahead of time for just such an occasion. 可知，这里意思是制定一个计划，所以选A。3F解析：这里提到了Overcome fear. 所以接下来会说通常阻止某人做出决定的事情正是害怕，所以选F。4D解析：Thinking of the pros and cons ca

19、n help you organize your thoughts. 这里讲了思考优缺点的好处，所以接下来会说这总是引导我们找出清晰的答案，所以选D。5B解析：根据Remember that every decision you make should come with a certain list of criteria. 可知，这里意思是这个清单可能会很短，也可能会很长，所以选B。.完形填空Last summer, I travelled to Meixian County with my friends. It is a small county at the foot of Taib

20、ai Mountain in Shanxi Province. We stayed there for one week and I _1_ my vacation because of the beautiful scenery at the top of the mountain.I will _2_ forget the day when we climbed the main peak(山顶). The _3_ in that area changes very quickly: it was sunny in the early morning when we set out, _4

21、_ it began to rain heavily when we were only halfway up.Soon，we were all _5_ and some of us wanted to go home. They said, “There is nothing _6_ here. We came to see the scenery, _7_ the pouring rain！” However, the guide _8_， “Since we have got wet already, why not just go on with our journey？”So we

22、carried on up the mountain and, _9_ we even noticed, the rain stopped and the sun was smiling again. When we reached the top of the peak, the view was unique (独特的)Up there, it was bright and clear. The sky was _10_ and the air was fresh. The gentle wind made us feel cool. All the clouds were just li

23、ke waves in the ocean, _11_ and falling under our feet. We could only see the peaks of mountains, as if they were _12_ floating sparsely (稀疏的) in the ocean. It was a really magical experience.While we were enjoying the scene, the guide said _13_，“You see, I knew that there would be no rain above the

24、 clouds.”It is _14_. While it may rain below the clouds, the sun is still there above them.You will never see the sun _15_ you dont try your best to climb to the top of the mountain. If we had stopped and gone home when the rain was very heavy, we would never have seen the beautiful scenery _16_ the

25、 clouds. I think this is also true in _17_.As the song says, “You wont see the rainbow unless you have gone through the thunder and storm.” I think in the _18_， whenever I have any difficulties in my life, I will remember the _19_ from the top of Taibai Mountain and the _20_ which touched my heart d

26、eeply: There is no rain above the clouds.本文是一篇记叙文。作者和朋友们在山中旅行，大雨不期而至。在导游的劝说下，大家继续登山，不知不觉中，雨停了，景色也更美了。通过这次经历，作者深切感悟到“不经历风雨，怎么能见到彩虹”的道理。1A.spentBkilledChadDenjoyed答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.spent花费；度过；B.killed杀死；C.had拥有；D.enjoyed欣赏；喜欢。由下文中beautiful scenery 可以推断出作者很喜欢自己的假期。故选D。2A.ever Bnever CcertainlyDperhaps答

27、案：B解析：考查副词词义辨析。A.ever曾经；B.never从不；C.certainly当然；D.perhaps也许。通过下文可知，作者的这次经历对他来说收获很大，因此印象深刻，永远不会忘记。故选B。3A.scenery Bcloud CskyDweather答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.scenery景色；B.cloud云；C.sky天空；D.weather天气。由下文所介绍的早晨天气晴朗，半路上则大雨倾盆，可以推断出天气变化无常。故选D。4A.so Bwhile CbutDinstead答案：C解析：考查连词辨析。A.so因此；B.while当时候；C.but但是；D.instea

28、d而不是。由上下文可知，存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选C。5A.tired Bhungry CangryDwet答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.tired疲惫的；B.hungry饥饿的；C.angry生气的；D.wet湿的。由常识可知，被雨淋的结果当然是浑身湿透了。故选D。6A.necessary Bfun CimportantDinstructive答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.necessary必要的；B.fun乐趣；C.important重要的；D.instructive有益的。联系下文可知，他们觉得在这里一点乐趣也没有。故选B。7A.not Bno CneverDhardly

29、答案：A解析：考查副词辨析。A.not不；B.no没有；C.never从不；D.hardly 几乎不。有人坚持要回去的理由是“我们是来看风景的，不是来淋雨的”。故选A。8A.suggested Bordered Casked Ddemanded答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.suggested建议；B.ordered命令；C.asked询问；D.demanded要求。联系后文可知，导游给我们提建议。故选A。9A.when Bbefore CwhileDthen答案：B解析：考查连词辨析。A.when当时候；B.before在之前；C.while当时候；D.then然后。由语境可知，我们还没

30、有来得及注意到，故选before。故选B。10A.dark Bgreen CblackDblue答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.dark黑暗的；B.green绿色的；C.black黑色的；D.blue蓝色的。由下文的the air was fresh暗示出天气晴朗，而晴朗的天气里天空应该是蓝色的。故选D。11A.jumping Bdropping CgoingDrising答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.jumping跳跃；B.dropping落下；C.going离开；D.rising上升。与下文的falling形成对照，表示像海浪一样起伏的状态。故选D。12A.islands Bf

31、ish CanimalsDwaves答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.islands岛屿；B.fish鱼；C.animals动物；D.waves海浪。从后文的floating sparsely(稀疏的) in the ocean可知，云层中的山脉像海洋中的岛屿。故选A。13A.excitedly Bproudly CangrilyDhappily答案：B解析：考查副词词义辨析。A.excitedly激动地；B.proudly自豪地；C.angrily生气地；D.happily开心地。下文向导讲话内容表明他的预测正确，因此讲话时他自然而然带着自豪的口吻。故选B。14A.false Bcerta

32、in CwrongDtrue答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.false错误的；B.certain确信的；C.wrong错误的；D.true真实的。联系前文“You see, I knew that there would be no rain above the clouds.”及“While it may rain below the clouds, the sun is still there above them”可知风雨过后见彩虹是真的。故选D。15A.when Bunless CifDwhile答案：C解析：考查连词辨析。A.when当时候；B.unless除非；C.if如果；

33、D.while当的时候。根据前后文可知，表示一种假设的情况。故选C。16A.over Bon CaboveDunder答案：C解析：考查介词辨析。A.over越过；B.on在上面；C.above超过；D.under在下面。登到山顶，我们看到的是云层上面的景色。故选C。17A.study Brest CworldDlife答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.study学习；B.rest休息；C.world 世界；D.life生活。由文意可知，作者由此事推出生活中也是如此。故选D。18A.past Bpresent CfutureDlife答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.past过去的；B.

34、present目前的；C.future未来的；D.life生活。联系后文“whenever I have any difficulties in my life, I will remember”可知，此处表示将来的情况。故选C。19A.weather Bchange CviewDtime答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.weather天气；B.change改变；C.view观点；风景；D.time时间。阅读全文可知，山顶的奇特风光让我们难以忘怀。故选C。20A.word Bphrase CspeechDsentence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.word单词；B.phrase短语；

35、C.speech 演讲；D.sentence句子。冒号后面是一个句子，因此本空应选sentence。故选D。.概要写作阅读下面的短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。A recent study shows 85 per cent of people handed over their personal information to strangers.One in eight people admitted they would reply to an email from somebody they didnt know, while some said they were comf

36、ortable handing out personal, security or bank details to a stranger. In real life, with a bit of temptation (诱惑) people seem even more likely to hand over important information.Posing as somebody working for a marketing agency called CAMSa madeup name for fraud(欺骗)a researcher handed out a question

37、naire (问卷)and asked people to fill in it in order to win a 400 television.The survey asked questions about not only television preferences and holidays, but also personal information including address, date of birth, phone number and even bank account number. Shockingly, 85 per cent of the people wh

38、o agreed to fill in the questionnaire readily gave over their bank details just for the chance to win a TV.Paul Wilson said，“Every year thousands of people are targeted by fraudsters (诈骗), and the number is increasing. Fraudsters operate by gathering pieces of information one bit at a time. By under

39、standing how scammers (诈骗犯) operate and being watchful, we can protect ourselves from becoming victims. And remember, if something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.”Karen Tyler said，“Scams can come in many forms and our research stresses how widespread they are. Its worrying that so many p

40、eople are unaware of what information a bank will and will not ask forfor example, a bank would never ask you to disclose your full security details.”A_recent_study_reveals_that_85_per_cent_of_people_let_out_their_personal_details_to_strangers.(要点1)_Tempted_by_some_gifts, many people_would_give_their_personal_information_to_fraudster,_including_their_bank_account_numbers.(要点2)_Experts_warn_that_scams often come_in_nice,_beautiful_forms_and_every_year_the_number_of_people_who_are_cheated_is_on_the_rise.(要点3)_People_should be_watchful and_distinguish_scammers_from_banks.(要点4)