浙江省诸暨市牌头中学2017届高三一轮复习英语课件：名词性从句 （共87张PPT） .ppt

1、Related Conception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。The boy is li Ming.主语表语Mr.Liang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(The Subject Clause)宾语从句(The Object Clause)表语从句(The Predicative Claus

2、e)同位语从句(The Appositive Clause)宾语从句如何区分宾语从句？Theyknowthe teacher.主语谓语宾语 They know the teacher is a man.主语谓语宾语从句句子做宾语就是宾语从句。1.We wonder what we shall do.2.Could you tell me where they are?3.We believe that they have finished4.their task,havent we?4.I dont know whether/if he will come.找出下列句中的宾语从句宾语从句的注意

3、事项（一）引导词句子类型that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问句我不知道你会来这里。I dont know（that）you will come here.注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？他不在乎天气是否好。I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come?He does

4、nt care if it isnt a fine day.注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与or not连用；作介词宾语只用whether;从句是否定句时一般用if。Do you remember how he came?They want to know what they can do to help us.Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?She asked me why he had chosen that one?还有when,who,which,etc

5、.注意事项（二）从句时态主句时态现在时/将来时相应任何时态过去时相应过去任何时态She asked me why he had chosen that one?The teacher told us that the earth movesaround the sun.注意事项（三）宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里I think he wont come here.()I dont think he will come here.()注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。I dont think

6、 he will come here,_ _?She doesnt think he will come here,_ _?will he does she 注意事项（四）宾语从句中用it作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。注意事项（五）一些含有假设,猜想,建议等意思的动词后面的宾语从句要用“should+动词

7、原形“结构,可省略.这类动词有:advise,insist,suggest,demand,require,request,order,Command等.eg.I suggested that he(should)study harder注意事项（六）动词doubt的否定和疑问结构才接that从句I dont doubt _ he will be against the idea.Do you doubt _ I can finish it on time?I doubt _ he will be against the idea.thatthatwhetherpractice1.We dont

8、 know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which 2.The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time.A.that B.if C.when D.what time3.Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.that 4.I wonder _ he is crying now.A.that B.why C.how D.when5.Have you found

9、 out _ we can do on Hainan Island?A.what B.how C.if D.whether 6.Lily said _ she had finished her composition.A.if B.that C.when D.where 7.I dont know _ he still lives here.A.where B.what C.when D.whether8.The PLA men ordered that all the enemy_up.A.gave B.give C.had given D.giving9.I remember_ this

10、used to be a quiet village.A.how B.when C.where D.what 10.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever 11.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food.A.where B what C how D that12.Could you tell me _?A where is the part B who

11、s on duty C whose book is this D what are they doing 13.The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun.A moved B moves C move D moving14.Could you tell me _?A if he would come tomorrowB will he come tomorrowC whether he will come tomorrowD if he comes tomorrow15.I did nt know that Mr.Smith _yet.

12、A.Has returned B has returned B.C had returned D returned 表语从句用做表语的从句叫表语从句位置：一般放在系动词be,后.The problem is that we have little money.That is what he wants us to do.That is where she got her masters degree.可以接表语从句的系动词还有look,remain,seem等。表语从句的连接词1.that 引导的表语从句,本身无意义,但不能2.省略.3.2.whether 引导的表语从句意为:“是否”.不能用

13、 if 替代.3.what,which,who,whom,whose可在表语4.从句中充当“主语,宾语,定语,有自己的词义.我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做。The question is whether it is worth doing.注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”4.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、

14、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.Thats where I cant agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5.其他连词as if,as though,because,as,引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。as if/though引导的表语从句

15、常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.试区分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one that you visited?注意：这种句子考

16、试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从)(定从)(定从)1.Go and get your coat.Its_ you left it.A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time.A.if B.whether C./D.that 3.What the doctor really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disea

17、se soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why4.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 5.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why 6.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-

18、Oh,thats_.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about.C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited Translate these sentences into English using noun clauses.1.这是我们所想要的东西。This is what we want.2.我认为你是对的。I think(that)you are right.3.我想知道他是否能帮助我。Id like to know whether he can help me or

19、not.Revision4.天气不是昨天那样了。The weather is not what it was yesterday.5.问题是我们怎么能完成任务。The problem is how we can finish the task.Listen to a song,fill in the blanks and pick out predicative clauses and object clauses.Although loneliness has always been a friend of mineIm leaving my life in your handsPeople

20、 say Im crazy and that I am blind Risking it all in a glance_ you got me blind is still a mysteryI cant get you out of my headDont care _ is written in you historyAs long as youre here with me I dont care _ you are，_ youre from，_ you didAs long as you love meWho you areWhere youre fromDont care _ yo

21、u didAs long as you love me Every little thing that you have said and doneFeels like its deep within meDoesnt really matter if youre on the runIt seems like（as if）were meant to beHowwhatwhowherewhatwhatooooP How you got me blind is still a mystery(谜)Subject The cause is still a mystery(谜)Subject Cla

22、usesSubject Clause(主语从句)Grammar3.To find your way can be a problem.2.Smoking is bad for you.1.You are a student.4.“How do you do?”is a greeting.5.What she said is not yet known.6.That we shall be late is certain.7.It is certain that we shall be late.Subject（主语）A sentence serving as subject is called

23、 Subject Clause.Who will go makes no difference.Which is the best is not certain.Why dinosaurs died out is still unknown.When we will get together has not been decided.How she can keep healthy is a secret.Whether he will come is not very important.Who will goWhich is the bestWhy dinosaurs died outWh

24、en we will get togetherHow she can keep healthyWhether he will come找出主语从句。一主语从句的连接词1.that 1.that 只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充当任何成分，但当任何成分，但不能省略不能省略。ThatThat she left him she left him made him heart-broken.made him heart-broken.ThatThat he is still alive he is still alive is good news to us.is

25、good news to us.我们保持平衡饮食有益健康。我们保持平衡饮食有益健康。2.2.置于句首只能用置于句首只能用whether“whether“是否是否”，不充当从句，不充当从句的任何成分。的任何成分。他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的_ is clear._ is clear._(_(他能否买到飞机票他能否买到飞机票)doesnt matter much.doesnt matter much.Whether he can buy the plane ticketsWhether he can buy the plane ticketsWhethe

26、r hell take part in the playWhether hell take part in the playThat we keep a balanced diet is good for our health.we keep a balanced diet is good for our health.3 3 whwh-疑问词包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。疑问词包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。_ she will be back is still a question._ she will be back is still a question._ you told me ju

27、st now was really a surprise._ you told me just now was really a surprise._ we will hold the basketball game tomorrow is _ we will hold the basketball game tomorrow is not important.not important._ class will win the football game is not clear._ class will win the football game is not clear._ will m

28、eet him is not decided._ will meet him is not decided.WhenWhenWhatWhatWhereWhereWhich Which WhoWho_ breaks the law should be punished._ breaks the law should be punished._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worthpraising.praising._ tells lies is wr

29、ong_ tells lies is wrongWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverWhoever主语从句应使用陈述句语序Rewrite the sentences with subject clauses.1.When will the scientist give a report?It is still a question.When_.改写the scientist will give a report is still a question.2.Why is the earth becoming warmer?It is an important t

30、opic to scientists.Why_.the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic to scientists改写Rewrite the sentences with subject clauses.1._ will win the gold medal remains to be seen.2._ wants to ask questions is welcome any time.3.The manager decided to offer the job to _ he believed had a strong sens

31、e of duty.WhoWhoWhoeverwhoeverwhoeverWho/whoever/whomever4._ you choose as your wife has nothing to do with me.5._ breaks the law should be punished.6.There is no doubt that anyone _ doesnt give in to difficulties will be successful at last.WhomeverWhomeverWhoeverWhoeverwhowho1)_ you said yesterday

32、is right.1)_ you said yesterday is right.2)_ she is still alive is a consolation2)_ she is still alive is a consolation（安慰）安慰）.3)_ he lost the bike worried him a lot.3)_ he lost the bike worried him a lot.4)_ 4)_ caused caused the the accident accident remains remains unknown.unknown.5)_ made matter

33、s worse was_ night began to fall.5)_ made matters worse was_ night began to fall.6)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.6)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.WhatWhatThatThatThatThat注：what 与 that在引导主语从句时的区别what what 在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而语，而that that 则不然。则不然。WhatWhatWha

34、t thatWhat thatWhat whatWhat what二二.it 做形式主语做形式主语为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语itit放在主语放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末。位置，真正主语搁置于句末。1）It+be+名词/形容词+主语从句ExxExx:很肯定他会赢得比赛的。很肯定他会赢得比赛的。_ that he will win the match._ that he will win the match.It is a fact that _(It is a fact that _(地球绕着太阳转地球绕着太阳转)ItIt is very lik

35、ely is very likely thatthat they will hold a meeting.they will hold a meeting.It It is important is important thatthat we all should attend the meeting.we all should attend the meeting.ItIt is still a mystery is still a mystery whatwhat caused the accident.caused the accident.It is certainIt is cert

36、ainthe earth goesthe earth goesaround the sunaround the sun2）It+不及物动词(seem,happen,matter)+主语从句It It seems seems thatthat he has seen the film.he has seen the film.似乎似乎It It happened happened that that they were absent.they were absent.碰巧碰巧3）It过去分词从句ItIt is said is said thatthat President President O

37、bamaObama will visit our school will visit our school next week.next week.据说据说 It is decided that It is decided that 据决定据决定It is believed that It is believed that 据认为据认为ItIt is known to all is known to all thatthat Li Li HuaHua is the best student in our is the best student in our class.class.众所周知众所

38、周知1.This is natural that they should like each other.2.It is true he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.3.It doesnt matter that he is wrong or not.4.It is know to all that Lu Xun is a famous author.True or False It that whether knownWhatever he says Whatever he says isis of no importan

39、ce.of no importance.Whoever says this Whoever says this isis wrong wrong但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定视句子的意义而定What I need What I need isis money.money.What I need What I need areare books.books.三三.在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数单数。When and where well hold the meeting _When and where well hold t

40、he meeting _not been decided yet.not been decided yet.A.has B.is C.have D.areA.has B.is C.have D.areExercises I.完成句子练习：1._(我们想知道的)is the time for the meeting.2._(火车什么时间来)is not known.3._(他们为什么来晚了)is clear.What we want to knowWhen the train will comeWhy they come lateBlanks filling1.Who we should inv

41、ite to open the conference is a question.2.Whether it should last two days or three days doesnt matter.3.Whoever wants the book may have it.4.How many people will attend the conference has not been decided.5.Which team will win the football match is still unknown.6.It is uncertain when we should hol

42、d the conference,in May or June.7.Why so many people are interested in basketball is what we want to know.8.That there is life on another planet is almost impossible.9.It is still unknown who will be sent to the States.10.What make my life colorful in the school are my good friends and kind teachers

43、.whether/that/who/which/when/why/what/how/whoever完成下面的短文After school when I got home,my mother saw that _(我很开心).I kept singing._ (我所做的)surprised my mother.She asked me what had happened.I told her_(我得到一个好消息).The good news was _ (我成为了奥运会志愿者)。Whats more,the decision had been announced(宣布)by my teacher

44、 in my class._(老师所说的话)encouraged me.All my classmates congratulated me on the good news.I decided to work harder._(我在学校所学的)would be very useful.I think I will be a good volunteer.I am looking forward to the 2008 Olympic Games.I was very happyWhat I didthat I got a good newsthat I became a Olympic vo

45、lunteer What my teacher saidWhat I learned at school阅读短文找出文中的名词性从句。Revision At school,everyone learns that Columbus discovered America in 1492.But Gavin Menzies,a retired British army officer,does not agree.He wrote a book.In the book,he said that the honour should go to the Chinese.On a trip to Chi

46、na,Menzies saw an old map of 1424.What interested him was that the whole world had been mapped 70 years before Columbus.This made him believe that perhaps the Chinese first discovered America.His book caused a stir among scientists.Some are willing to believe that Columbus used a map from China,but

47、others have doubts about Menzies idea.One of the biggest challenges is that what Manzies believes to be America on the map is Antarctica(南极)。What is certain is that the book has made many people think about the achievements(成就)of Zheng He and other Chinese captain.thatthatWhatthatthatthat whatWhatth

48、atOSOOOOSSP同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。3.用法:常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief eg.The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。4.连词that/whether/who/which/what/when/where/why/howeg:I have no idea how h

49、e did it.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.状语 You have no idea how worried I was.状语试区分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：1.如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体

50、内容。(同从)(定从)同位语从句与定语从句区别:1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.Word came that he had been abroad.据说他已经出国了。Our team has

51、won the game,which made us very happy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)(同位语从句)2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:The news that our team has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)The news that he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,

52、news在从句中作told的宾语)3.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how,whether,what 可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:That question whether we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句)引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替，如:The order that we should send a few

53、people to help the other groups was received yesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)I.Tell the fu

54、nction of the clauses in the following sentences说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have

55、any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your father works?6.This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7.He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.BBB同位语从句的简易判断方法：我们可以在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。eg:The belief that the earth is

56、 flat is still held in some countries.The belief is that the earth is flat.demand，suggestion,proposal等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:(should)+动词原形eg.The suggestion that the plan(should)be delayed延迟 will be discussed tomorrow.推迟那项计划的建议将在明天讨论。虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法Exercises 1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us

57、 all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact _ he was successful proves his ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why AA Choose the correct answer.3.The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which B.that C./D.it B

58、B 5.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./6.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which BA 7.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arri

59、ved too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what DC 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A.that B.as C.of which D.which A 10.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when 11.The other day,my brother drove

60、 his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that AB 11.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether B 12.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.that B.what that C.that what D.

61、whetherthat 引导同位语从句，补充说明view;what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。C1.我不知道怎样到达火车站。I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.2.我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.II.用同位语从句翻译下列句子。3.人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。People used to hold the opinion that the earth was the center of the

62、universe.4.没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.5.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。The question when we will start the work is not decided请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句What I want to do is taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an hones

63、t boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the man who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(定从)(主从)1.Please tell me you will go to the leacture tomorrow.2.It all depends on the sky will clear up.3.The

64、question is the film is well worth seeing.4.He will be well tomorrow I am not sure.5.it is true remains a problem.关联词比较whether /ifwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherA.引导宾语从句时可互换.B.位于介词后要用whether.C.位于句首时要用whether.D.引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时,要用 whether.1.I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2.

65、His mother is satisfied with he has done.3.he was able to come made us happy.4.This is makes us interested.5.The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.what /that(that)whatThatwhatthat所引导的从句是否缺(主语,表语,宾语)汉语意义能否省略what缺什么;所.的(东西/事情)不能省略that不缺无意义引导宾语从句时可省略.who/whoever1.The competiti

66、on is coming.will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.2.I believe takes part in the competition will try his best.what/whatever3.Can you tell me you d like to order?4.happens,dont be surprised.5.All the food here is delicious.Just order you like.whowhoeverwhatwhateverwhatever名词从句让步状语从句who 表“谁”

67、/whoever表”.”的任何人表”不论谁”what 表”什么”“所.的东西”/whatever表”.的任何东西”“无论什么”1.The question is _the film is worth seeing.A.if B.what C.whether D.how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once.A.which B.when C./D.that 3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.why;why B.why;because C.why;tha

68、t D.that;because4._ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A.What;why B.Which;how C.That;why D.What;because5._ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if6.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.A.which B.where C.what D.t

69、hat7.I have the information _.A.of what hell come soon B.that hell come soon C.of that hell come soon D.his coming soonCDCABDB单项填空8.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.That he broke B.What he broke B.C.He broke D.His break9.It remains a question _ we c

70、an get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what10.-Can I help you?-Yes,do you know _?A.when comes the bus B.when will come the bus C.when does the bus come D.when the bus comes11.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.that B.if C.what D.that if12.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A.what;that B.it;that C.what;when D.which;whatAADDA