湖南省茶陵县第三中学高一英语牛津版必修2课件：UNIT 1 TALES OF THE UNEXPLAINED PERIOD 7-8 GRAMMAR AND USAGE .ppt

1、Present perfect tense&Present perfect tense&Present prefect continuous tense Present prefect continuous tense Look at the following sentences and try to explain why the tense is used in these sentences.1.We have studied English for about five years.2.They have lived there since 1990.3.She hasnt fini

2、shed her homework yet.4.Eric has just come back.5.How long have you been here?1.The form of the present perfect tense:We form the present perfect tense with have/has and the past participle of the verb.have(has)+过去分词Justin has disappeared,so Kelly is very sad.We use the present perfect tense to talk

3、 about things that happened in the recent past,but are connected to the present.Note:2.The uses of the present perfect tense:I have not seen Justin since last Friday night.We also use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past and is still happening now.Note:I havent

4、seen you for ages.He has just gone out.It has been very cold lately.She has already finished her homework.He hasnt seen her since the meeting.Note:We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear or important.We use it with time expressions such as:already ever for just

5、 lately never recently since yetWe use already for affirmative statements and yet for negative statements.We use for+a period of time and since+a point in time.We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago.He has just gone out.(=He went out a few mi

6、nutes ago.)I have just heard the news.(=Now I know the news.)Note:We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions,that is,we use the present perfect tense with the time expressions once/twice/three timese.g.They say that they have been to America many times.Note:Look at the sentences

7、and find the difference:Tom has rung up three times this morning.Now it is still in the morning.Tom rang upthree times this morning.Now it is not still in the morning.Actions occurring in an incomplete period might be indicated by today or this morning/afternoon/evening/week/month/year/century or al

8、l day/night/week,all the time,always etc.Note:Point out what tense or tenses are used in the sentences and the reasons why they are used.1.We have studied English for about five years.We began to study it five years ago.2.They moved to the south in 1990 and have lived there since then.3.Eric left ho

9、me last year and has just come back.4.They bought this house three years ago and they have lived here since then.5.My brother went to see my grandpa last week.He has visited him three times this month.1“_ you _ my pen?”“Yes,I _ it on your desk just now.”(see)2“_ you _ dinner?”“Yes,I _ it with Mary.”

10、(have)3 _ the postman _ yet this morning?_ the postman _ this morning?(come)HaveHavehadDidHaveComplete the sentences.seencomecomehadsawThe present perfect tense is normallyused for an action which lasts throughout an incomplete period,but with the past simple tense,we use time expressions which a fi

11、xed point in the past.Note:Bill has smokedsince he left school.He still smokes.Bill smoked for six months.It means that he stopped smoking then.Sometimes,however,the present perfect tense used for the action finishes at the time of speaking.e.g.It has been very cold lately but its just beginning to

12、get warmer.On meeting someone,you may say:I havent seen you for ages.(But I see you now.)Note:Note:The present perfect tense used for a past action whose time is not definite and often has a result in the present.Tom has had a bad car crash.Hes probably still in hospital now.Tom had a bad car crash.

13、He is probably out of hospital now.You are writing about a friends travels in your diary.Complete your diary entry using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.(2)_ (3)_(4)_ (5)_(6)_ (7)_(8)_ (9)_(10)_ (11)_Answers for the diary:sawhas visitedloveshasnt visitedhas seenhas never methas travelledh

14、as foundhasnt foundHas,beenLook at the sentences:Sorry.Have you been waiting long?I have been waitingfor an hour.PastOne hour agoPresentwaitingarrive1.The form of the present perfect continuous tense：We form the present perfect continuous tense with have/has been and the present participle of the ve

15、rb.have(has)+been+doing2.The uses of the present perfect continuous tense:We sometimes use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past and are still continuing,or have just finished but are still connected to the present in some way.Answers of Dr Franks websit

16、e:(2)_ (3)_(4)_ (5)_ (6)_have been talkinghave been talkinghave been studyinghave seenhave been writingThis is the website of Dr Frank.Fill in the missing words,using the correct tense.Present perfect or present perfect continuous tense?She is still reading the book.Li Jia has been reading a book ab

17、out Stonehenge.Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge.She finished reading the book.She knows the content of the book now.Note:We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action completed in the recent past,and the present prefect continuous tense for an action that started in the past and is

18、 still happening.I have visited Egypt twice this month.I have been touringEgypt for two months.Note:The present perfect continuous tense cant be used with time expressions such as twice or how many times,because in this tense the action is continuous,not stopped and started again.We can use the pres

19、ent perfect tense for repeated actions,and the present perfect continuous tense for non-stop actions.How many timeshave you swum in the lake?How long have you been swimming in the lake?Note:We usually use the present perfect tenseto ask questions beginning with how many/much,and the present perfect

20、continuous tense to ask questions beginning with how long.A state verb or an action verb?1.I have had this camera for five years.2.I have taken photos of UFOs with this camera.3.I have been taking photos of UFOs with this camera.state verbaction verbstate verbAn action means something happening or c

21、hanging.A state means something staying the same.Some examples of action verbs are do,go,and play.Some examples of state verbs are like,know and exist.Note:We can use either a state verb or an action with the present perfect tense,but we usually can only use an action verb with the present perfect c

22、ontinuous tense.A state verb doesnt mean an action,so it cant be used in a continuous tense.e.g.Theyve always had a big garden.How long have you known each other?Hes been in hospital since his accident.Ive alreadybeen to Paris.Ive nevervisited Paris.Note:We use the present perfect tense,not the pres

23、ent perfect continuous tense,with words like always,never,yet,already and ever.How long have you been learning English?How long have you learnt English?It has been raining for a long time.It has rained for a long time.Note:An action which began in the past and is still continuing or has only just fi

24、nished can,with certain verbs,be expressed by either the present perfector present perfect continuous.Verbs which can be used in this way include expect,hope,learn,lie,live,sleep,sit,study,wait,want,snow,etc.Make up dialogues with the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense.Tw

25、o friends are chatting.Read their conversation and circle the right words to complete it.Answers of part A on page 11:(1)_ (2)_(3)_ (4)_(5)_ (6)_(7)_ (8)_(9)_ (10)_(11)_heardbeen doingbeen researchingdonestartedachievedreadfoundstartedbeen drawingbeen makingThis is the comic strip John sent to Mary.

26、Write a story with the characters in it by answering the following questions.Use your imagination and be creative.1.Where do you think the boy has been waiting?_ _2.What have the aliens been travelling by?What does it look like?_ _He has been waiting at a bus stop in a city.They have been travelling

27、 in a UFO.It looks like a saucer.3.Who else have the aliens talked to?_ _ _4.What other planets have the aliens visited?_ _They probably have talked to animals or plants on Earth as well as creatures on other planets.They have visited Mars,Venus,Jupiter and some other planets.1.Finish Part C1 and C2 on page 88 in Workbook.2.Review Task part.