湖南省茶陵县第三中学高中英语必修二：UNIT 1 GRAMMAR AND USAGE-EDITED 课件 .ppt

1、Present perfect tense&Present perfect tense&Present prefect continuous tense Present prefect continuous tense Look at the following sentences and try to explain why the tense is used in these sentences.I saw the film yesterday._ I will see the film tomorrow._ I have seen this film._我昨天看的这部电影我明天看这部电影

2、我已经看过这部电影了一般过去时一般将来时现在完成时1.The form of the present perfect tense:We form the present perfect tense with have/has and the past participle of the verb.have(has)+过去分词过去分词的构成规则动词不规则动词规则动词过去分词的构成构成规则例词1.一般在动词原形末尾加-edlook lookedplay played2.以e结尾的动词直接加-dlive livedhope hoped3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-

3、edstop stoppedplan planned4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudy studiedcarry carrieddo-go-have-see-speak-make-find-hold-leave-不规则动词的过去分词donegonehadseenspokenmadefoundheldleft练一练：用括号内动词的现在完成时填空1.He_(work)in our school for 5 years.2.He _(clean)his shoes.3.We_(study)English for seven years.4.The police_

4、(step up)their searching for a missing boy.5.He _(read)the book before.has workedhas cleanedhave studiedhave stepped uphas readJustin has disappeared,so Kelly is very sad.We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past,but are connected to the present.Note:2.Th

5、e uses of the present perfect tense:过去发生的动作或事件的完成对现在产生影响或结果,强调现在的情况和状态（过去对现在）meaningsI had dinner just now.(完成)Now I am not hungry.(影响)我刚刚吃过饭了-Are you hungry？-I have not seen Justin since last Friday night.We also use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past and is

6、still happening now.Note:动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在还没有结束(从过去到现在还没做完)（过去到现在）I havent seen you for ages.He has just gone out.It has been very cold lately.She has already finished her homework.He hasnt seen her since the meeting.Note:We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear

7、or important.注：当动作的具体时间不清楚或不重要的时候，使用现在完成时，且与表示时间的词一起使用。We use it with time expressions such as:already ever for just lately never recently since yetWe use already for affirmative statements（肯定陈述）and yet for negative statements.（否定陈述）We use for+a period of time（时间段）and since+a point in time.（时间点）延续性动

8、词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响，如：stay,live,wait,learn,study,work,watch,read，know等。短暂性动词也称非延续动词，瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，如：open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,leave,move,borrow,buy,die等。两者的转换：1.have 代替buy.2.keep/have 代替borrow.3.Be 代替become 4.wear 代put on 5.be+形容词/副词/介词短语代替：be+dead代die/be+on代start

9、/be in the army代join the armyWe use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago.He has just gone out.(=He went out a few minutes ago.)I have just heard the news.(=Now I know the news.)Note:注：我们使用现在完成时来讨论短时间之间完成的动作。We can also use the present perfect tens

10、e for repeated actions,that is,we use the present perfect tense with the time expressions once/twice/three timese.g.They say that they have been to America many times.Note:注：我们也能用现在完成时来表示反复发生的动作。Bill has smokedsince he left school.He still smokes.Look at the sentences and find the difference:现在完成时强调

11、发生在过去的动作对现在产生的影响和结果。Bill smoked for six months.It means that he stopped smoking then.一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作，和现在无关。You are writing about a friends travels in your diary.Complete your diary entry using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.(2)_ (3)_(4)_ (5)_(6)_ (7)_(8)_ (9)_(10)_ (11)_Answers for the d

12、iary:sawhas visitedloveshasnt visitedhas seenhas never methas travelledhas foundhasnt foundHas,beenPresent prefect continuous tense Present prefect continuous tense 李治廷、卫兰-Way Back Into Love.mp31.The form of the present perfect continuous tense：We form the present perfect continuous tense with have/

13、has been and the present participle of the verb.have(has)+been+doingLook at the sentences:I have not been sleeping well since I returned home.2.The uses of the present perfect continuous tense:We sometimes use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past and ar

14、e still continuing.注：我们用现在完成进行时来谈论在过去开始但现在仍然在继续的动作。Look at the sentences:Sorry.Have you been waiting long?I have been waitingfor an hour.PastOne hour agoPresentwaitingarrive3.The uses of the present perfect continuous tense:We sometimes use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions

15、that have just finished but are still connected to the present in some way.注：我们还用现在完成进行时来讨论那些刚刚完成但在某些方面还与现在有联系的动作。4.The uses of the present perfect continuous tense:We sometimes use for and since with the present perfect continuous tense.He has been waiting since nine oclock.Answers of Dr Franks web

16、site:(2)_ (3)_(4)_ (5)_ (6)_have been talkinghave been talkinghave been studyinghave seenhave been writingThis is the website of Dr Frank.Fill in the missing words,using the correct tense.1.Finish Part C1 on page 88 in Workbook.2.Review Present perfect or present perfect continuous.Present perfect o

17、r present prefect Present perfect or present prefect continuous tense?continuous tense?Present perfect or present perfect continuous tense?She is still reading the book.Li Jia has been reading a book about Stonehenge.Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge.She finished reading the book.She knows the

18、 content of the book now.Note:We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action completed in the recent past,and the present prefect continuous tense for an action that started in the past and is still happening.注：我们使用现在完成时来讨论在最近的过去已经完成的动作，而用现在完成进行时讨论从过去开始但现在仍然在发生的动作。I have visited Egypt twic

19、e this month.I have been touringEgypt for two months.Note:The present perfect continuous tense cant be used with time expressions such as twice or how many times,because in this tense the action is continuous,not stopped and started again.We can use the present perfect tense for repeated actions,and

20、 the present perfect continuous tense for non-stop actions.注：我们可以用现在完成时来表示反复发生的动作，而现在完成进行时表示连续动作。How many timeshave you swum in the lake?How long have you been swimming in the lake?Note:We usually use the present perfect tense to ask questions beginning with how many/much,and the present perfect con

21、tinuous tense to ask questions beginning with how long.注：how many/much开头的疑问句经常用于现在完成时，how long用于现在完成进行时。A state verb or an action verb?1.I have had this camera for five years.2.I have taken photos of UFOs with this camera.3.I have been taking photos of UFOs with this camera.state verbaction verbacti

22、on verbAn action means something happening or changing.A state means something staying the same.Some examples of action verbs are do,go,and play.Some examples of state verbs are like,know and exist.Note:We can use either a state verb or an action with the present perfect tense,but we usually can onl

23、y use an action verb with the present perfect continuous tense.A state verb doesnt mean an action,so it cant be used in a continuous tense.注：在现在完成时中可以使用状态动词或动作动词，但在现在完成进行时中通常只能用动作动词。e.g.Theyve always had a big garden.How long have you known each other?Hes been in hospital since his accident.Ive alre

24、adybeen to Paris.Ive nevervisited Paris.Note:We use the present perfect tense,not the present perfect continuous tense,with words like always,never,yet,already and ever.Two friends are chatting.Read their conversation and circle the right words to complete it.Answers of part A on page 11:(1)_(2)_(3)

25、_ (4)_(5)_ (6)_(7)_ (8)_(9)_ (10)_(11)_heardbeen doingbeen researchingdonestartedachievedreadfoundstartedbeen drawingbeen making1.Im sorry,but I dont quite follow you.Did you say you want to return on September 20?Sorry,I _ myself clear.We want to return on October 20.A.hadnt made B.wouldnt make C.d

26、ont make D.havent made2.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A.promised B.were promised C.have promised D.have been promised3.Mother wanted to be a good provider,a role she _ since her marriage to father.A.shoulders B.should

27、ered C.is shouldering D.has been shouldering4.The book has been translated into thirty language since it _ on the market in 1973.A.had come B.has come C.came D.comes5.Im tired out.I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.A.shopped B.have shopped C.had shopped D.have been shopping1.Finish Part C2 on page 88 in Workbook.2.Preview Task part.