2021八年级英语上册 Unit 1 Friends课时3 Grammar课件（新版）牛津版.ppt

1、Unit 1 FriendsPeriod 3 Grammar课文导入longlongerlongestheavyheavierheaviestslimslimmerslimmestinterestingmore interestingmost interesting课文呈现Grammar Comparative and superlative adjectivesWe use comparatives+than to compare two people or things.We usually add-er to short adjectives and use more with long

2、 adjectives to form comparatives.She is shorter than I am.My book is more interesting than his.课文呈现We use the+superlatives to compare three or more people or things.We usually add-est to short adjectives and use most with long adjectives to form superlatives.He is the tallest boy in our class.This i

3、s the most expensive computer in the shop.课文呈现TIP Short adjectives are adjectives with one or two syllables,e.g.clean,heavy.Long adjectives are adjectives with three or more syllables,e.g.beautiful,interesting.课文呈现We form comparative and superlative adjectives like this:Adjective Comparative Superla

4、tiveMost short adjectives+er+estlong small longer smaller longest smallest Short adjectives ending in e+r+st课文呈现Adjective Comparative Superlativefinenicefiner nicerfinest nicest Short adjectives ending in a consonant+y-y+ier-y+iesteasy pretty easier prettier easiest prettiest课文呈现Adjective Comparativ

5、e SuperlativeShort adjectives ending in a vowel+a consonantdouble the consonant+erdouble the consonant+estbig slim bigger slimmer biggest slimmestLong adjectivesmore+most+课文呈现Adjective Comparative Superlativebeautifulimportant more beautiful more important most beautiful most importantIrregular adje

6、ctivesreplace the wordreplace the wordgoodbad better worse best worst课文呈现A class profile A.Daniel is writing about his classmates.Help him complete the following table with the correct adjectives.AdjectiveComparativeSuperlativeAdjectiveComparativeSuperlativecleancleanercleanestthinshortsadcutediffic

7、ultthinner thinnestshorter shortest sadder saddestcuter cutest more mostdifficult difficult课文呈现happyinterestinglazygoodbigbadhappier happiestmore interestingmost interestinglazier laziestbetter bestbigger biggestworse worst课文呈现TIPWe can add-er,-est or more,most to the following adjectives with two s

8、yllables.clever handsome polite simple stupid 课文呈现B.Daniel has made a profile of his classmates.Read the profile and complete his notes.MillieSandyAmy Peter KittySimonHeight/hat/(cm)157170160173155171Weight/wet/(kg)45504455405350 m swimming(sec.)403830343635Drawing competition9/1010/109/105/106/108/

9、10English test10/108/109/106/108/107/10课文呈现1.Simon is taller than(tall)Sandy.2.Peter is _(tall)of the six students.3.Sandy is _(heavy)Millie.4.Peter is _(heavy)of the six students.5.Among the six students,Millie is _(slow)swimmer.6.Amy is _(fast)swimmer of the six students.the tallestheavier thanthe

10、 heaviestthe slowestthe fastest 课文呈现7.Millies drawing is _(beautiful)Peters.8.Sandys drawing is _(beautiful)in her class.9.Millies English is _(good)Simons.Millies English is _(good)in her class.Work out the rule!We put than _(before,after)comparatives.We put the _(before,after)superlatives.more bea

11、utiful thanthe most beautifulbetter thanthe bestafterbefore考点精讲 worse(重点)worse/ws/adj.更差，更糟，更坏(inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability)e.g.His handwriting is worse than mine.他的书法比我的差。考点1拓展：worse 还可作副词，意为“更坏，更差，更糟”，是badly 的比较级。e.g.He sings much worse than he did last year.他唱得比去年差多

12、了。返回温馨提示：可返回原文worse 的反义词是better(good,well的比较级)。bad的比较级考点精讲 Heightheight/hat/n.高度；高(the measurement of how tall a thing or person is)e.g.What is his height?=How tall is he?他多高？He drives at high speed.他高速驾驶。考点2表示具体的而不是抽象的高度。adj.高的；超乎寻常的考点精讲中考在线1：The plane is _(高的)in the sky.It is flying at a _(高度)of t

13、hree thousand meters.high【点拨】high 形容词“高的”；height 名词“高度”。height返回考点精讲weight/wet/n.重量e.g.He is losing weight.他正在减肥。She weighs 45 kilos.她体重为45 公斤。考点3作名词，常用词组lose weight，意为“减肥”。v.重 weigh-weighed-weighed返回 Weight考点精讲 Drawing competitioncompetition/kmptn/n.竞赛，比赛;竞争e.g.Its a friendly competition.它是一场友谊赛。Th

14、e famous club has held three basketball competitions this year.那个著名的俱乐部今年已经举办了三次篮球比赛。考点4competition 作“竞赛，比赛”讲时，是可数名词；作“竞争”讲时，是不可数名词。返回考点精讲 English testtest/test/n.测试，考查(a set of questions or problems that are designed to measure a persons knowledge,skills or abilities)e.g.Well have a maths test tomo

15、rrow.明天我们将进行一次数学测试。Mr Wu tested the students knowledge of English grammar.吴老师测验了学生们的英语语法知识。考点5have/take a(n)maths/Chinese/English test进行数学/语文/英语测试vt.测试，检查test 作名词“测试，考查”讲时，是可数名词。返回考点精讲 Peter is(tall)of the six students.of the six students 六位学生中e.g.He is the shortest of the six students.他是六位学生中最矮的。考点

16、6拓展：在含有形容词或副词最高级的句子中，常用in,among 或of 短语作状语来表示比较范围。考点精讲辨析:of,among 与inof“在之中”,表示所属，后接表示范围的人或物among“在中间”，指三者或三者以上，后接表示范围的人或物in“在里面”，后接表示位置、范围的名词或名词短语考点精讲e.g.My bike is the newest of the three.我的自行车是三辆中最新的。Among the three players,Nick is the best in playing badminton.在三个运动员中，尼克在打羽毛球方面是最棒的。Amy is the cle

17、verest student in her class.埃米是她班里最聪明的学生。返回考点精讲 Among the six students,Millie is _(slow)swimmer.swimmer/swm(r)/n.游泳者e.g.He is a good swimmer.他是一个优秀的游泳者。Can you swim across the river?你能游过这条河吗？Swimming is my favourite sport in summer.游泳是夏天里我最喜欢的运动。考点7常用词组：swimming pool游泳池swim 的词形变化swim v.游泳swimmer n.游

18、泳者swimming n.游泳考点精讲中考在线2：露西是一个优秀的游泳者。看！她正在游泳池里游泳。Lucy is a good _.Look!She is _in the _pool.swimmerswimmingswimming返回语法讲解形容词的比较级与最高级(重点)形容词的比较级的构成考点1形容词比较级用于两者之间的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-er;部分双音节和多音节形容词前面加more。e.g.Andy is taller than me.安迪比我高。考向1语法讲解形容词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。构成：单音节和部分双音节形容词后加-est;部分双音节和多音节形容词

19、前加most。形容词的最高级前须使用定冠词the，但若有形容词性物主代词，则不用the。e.g.The girl is the tallest of the three.这个女孩是三个人中最高的。考向2语法讲解形容词比较级和最高级的构成：考向3形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则示例单音节和部分双音节词直接在词尾加-er或-est。shortshortershortestlonglongerlongest以不发音的字母e 结尾的词直接加-r 或-st。finefinerfinest语法讲解以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，去掉y，再加-ier或-iest。easyeasiereasiest heavyhea

20、vierheaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er 或-est。bigbiggerbiggest slimslimmerslimmest hothotterhottest多音节和部分双音节词，在其前加more或most。interesting more interestingmost interesting不规则变化goodbetterbest语法讲解(重点)形容词比较级的用法考点2当两者进行比较时通常用形容词的比较级，常用句型为“A+系动词+比较级+than+B.”。形容词比较级前常用much,a lot,a little,even 等修饰。e.g.M

21、illie is much taller than I am.米莉比我高得多。Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比溜冰更刺激。考向1语法讲解中考在线1：Lets go to another restaurant instead.Its not necessary.The food here is _ than before.泸州A.delicious B.less deliciousC.much delicious D.more deliciousD【点拨】本题用题眼法。根据句中的题眼than 可知需用形容词比较级形式，因此排除A、C 两项；根据“I

22、ts not necessary.”，可知应是“比以前可口了”。语法讲解(难点)“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节或部分双音节形容词”表示“越来越”。e.g.Day gets shorter and shorter in autumn.秋天白天变得越来越短。Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮。考向2语法讲解中考在线2：Im proud of Ezhou,our homeland.鄂州So am I.It is becoming _.A.more and more beautifull

23、y B.more beautiful and beautifulC.more and more beautiful D.more beautifully and beautifullyC【点拨】becoming 后面用形容词beautiful 作表语，表示“越来越”用“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节或部分双音节形容词”。beautiful是多音节词，用more and more beautiful表示“变得越来越漂亮”。语法讲解“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越，就越”。e.g.The busier she is,the happier she feel

24、s.她越忙就感到越高兴。考向3(难点)“主语+系动词+the+比较级+of the two.”表示“是两者之中较（更）的”。e.g.She is the taller of the two girls.她是两个女孩中比较高的那个。考向4语法讲解“Which/Who is+比较级，A or B?”表示“A和B 哪一个/谁更？”。e.g.Who is slimmer,Lucy or Lily?露西和莉莉，谁更苗条？考向5语法讲解(重点)：“比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”或“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示“比其他都要”。e.g.Jack is tall

25、er than any other boy in his class.=Jack is taller than the other boys in his class.杰克比他班上其他男生都高。考向6语法讲解形容词最高级的用法考点3“the+形容词最高级+of/in+表示范围的词语”表示“在中最”，是最常用的最高级结构。e.g.He is the smartest of us three.他是我们三个人中最聪明的。He is the smartest in our class.他是我们班上最聪明的。考向1语法讲解(易错)in 表示环境范围，in 后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴;of 表示对象范

26、围，of 后的名词与主语是同一概念范畴。语法讲解中考在线3：Helen is the _ person in her family.Her two elder sisters are both married.河北A.older B.oldest C.younger D.youngestD【点拨】根据状语in her family，可知使用形容词最高级；根据下一句“两个大姐姐”，可知她是最小的。语法讲解“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最的之一”。e.g.Li Yuchun is one of the most popular singers.李宇春是最受欢迎的歌手之一

27、。考向2语法讲解中考在线4：Fishing is one of _ activities among the middle-aged men like my uncles.黔东南A.popular B.more popularC.most popular D.the most popularD【点拨】本题用固定搭配法解题。“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式”意为“最的之一”，形容词最高级之前应加定冠词the。语法讲解“the+序数词+最高级+可数名词单数”表示“（某范围内）第几的”。e.g.The Yellow River is the second longest river i

28、n China.黄河是中国的第二长河。考向3“Which/Who+系动词+the+最高级，A,B or C?”表示“A、B 和C，哪一个/谁最？”。e.g.Which is the largest in area,China,Canada or Russia?中国、加拿大和俄罗斯，哪个国家面积最大？考向4语法讲解速记小法：甲乙两者来比较，比较级是不能少。甲后be 接比较级，接着用than 加上乙。三者以上来比较，主语be 加最高级，in,of 短语表范围。课堂练习 1.The size of each class in Yongzhou now is _(small)than that in

29、2017.永州 2.This is the _(bad)restaurant that I have ever been to.Its dishes and service arent good at all.德阳改编 3.Which dog do you think is _(lazy),Hobo or Eddie?镇江 一、用所给词的适当形式填空smallerworstlazier课堂练习4.The Siberian tiger,known as the North-east Tiger in China,is _(large)tiger of all.5.The Great Wall i

30、s one of the _(great)wonders in the world.淮安6.Subways make our lives _(easy)than before.龙东7.A good neighbour is _(good)than a brother far away.盐城the largestgreatesteasierbetter课堂练习8.Lily is _(slim)of the twins.9.Whats the _(high)of that tower?10.Whats the _(weigh)of the bag of rice?the slimmerheight

31、weight课堂练习 11.Whats your brothers _?Its about 1.75 meters.Hes the tallest in his class.襄阳 A.age B.address C.weight D.height 二、单项选择D【点拨】本题用词义辨析法解答。age 年龄；address 地址；weight 重量；height 高度。根据下文 Its about 1.75 meters（大约1.75 米）可知，此处是询问身高。故选D。课堂练习12.There will be no winner in the trade war between China and

32、 the US.I agree.If we cant avoid it,the relationship will get _ as time goes on.孝感 A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worstC【点拨】本题用句意理解法解答。根据句意，“关系会变得（比现在)更糟”，要用比较级，故选C。课堂练习13.Linda is _ of the three girls,but she is the tallest.河池A.young B.youngerC.youngest D.the youngestD【点拨】本题用关键词法解答。“.of+表示范围的词语”是最高级的标志词，用

33、最高级，排除A、B，最高级前加冠词the。故选D。课堂练习14.This street is much _ than that one.天津A.wide B.widerC.widest D.the widestB【点拨】本题用关键词法解答。根据关键词than 可知，本句表示在两者之间比较，因此横线处的形容词用比较级。故选B。课堂练习15.Who is _,Tina or Tara?I think Tina is.内江A.outgoing B.more outgoingC.most outgoing D.the most outgoingB【点拨】考查形容词比较级。根据问句中“Tina orTa

34、ra”可知，问句表示两者的比较，故用形容词比较级，故选B。课堂练习16._ our country gets,_ the people will be,which is well known.曲靖A.The stronger;the happierB.The more strong;the more happyC.The stronger;the happyD.The strong;the happierA【点拨】本题用固定搭配法解答。“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越，越”，故选A。课堂练习17.Roy never likes junk food.Neither do I.Thats

35、 probably why Im becoming _ now.安顺A.healthy and healthy B.more and more healthilyC.weaker and weaker D.healthier and healthierD【点拨】考查形容词比较级。become 是系动词，后接形容词作表语；healthier and healthier 意为“越来越健康”。故选D。课堂练习18.Mike plays the drums so wonderfully!Of course.He is _ than any other student in his class.黄冈A.

36、talented B.more talentedC.less talented D.the most talentedB【点拨】考查形容词比较级。根据后面的than 可知用比较级，从前面的of course 可知此处指“更有才华”。故选B。课堂练习19.Zhaozhou Bridge is one of _ stone bridges in the world.北京A.old B.olderC.oldest D.the oldestD【点拨】根据“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”可知此空用最高级，且最高级前要加定冠词the，故选D。课堂练习20.There is _ restau

37、rant on North Street.It is _ most famous one here.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;an D.an;theA【点拨】本题用语法判定法解答。由句意可知，第一个空格表示“一”，应用不定冠词a 或an；restaurant的读音是以辅音音素开头，其前应用a；形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故选A。课堂练习 21.你了解京剧越多，就会越喜欢它。烟台The _ you know about Beijing Opera,the_ youll like it.三、根据汉语完成句子moremore课堂练习 22.陆地上什么动物最重？威海改编 What

38、kind of animals _ _on land?23.5G 将使我们的生活越来越好。本溪 5G is coming!It will make our life _.is the heaviest/weighs most/weighs more than any other animalbetter and better课堂练习 24.我们城市将会有更多的学校。内江改编 There will _ in our city.25.今天下午我们将举行英语测试。We will _ this afternoon.be more schoolshave an English test课堂小结本节课主要学习了以下知识点，请同学们及时巩固练习：形容词的比较级和最高级