2020高考英语培优大一轮练习：必修4 UNIT 3　新题培优练 WORD版含解析.doc

1、(建议用时：30分钟) 阅读理解A(2019浙江卷6月)Money_with_no_strings_attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And whil

2、e many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took，” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.”

3、Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said. “Theres a certain fee

4、ling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosit

5、y and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days，” he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”【解题导语】文章介绍了Tyler

6、Bridges发起的一个项目，让有能力的人捐助钱财，让需要的人自取钱财，而这个项目的宗旨是让人们能够互相帮助。1What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not legally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.C解析：句意理解题。根据下文的内容并结合木板上写的“Give What You Can, Take W

7、hat You Need”可知，附在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C项。2What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?AWomen tended to be more sociable.BThe activity attracted various people.CEconomic problems were getting worse.DYoung couples needed financial assistance.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“People of all ages, rac

8、es.even had a bride”可推知，作者提到新娘参与该活动来说明参与人员的多样性，故选B项。3Why did Bridges carry out the project?ATo do a test on peoples morals.BTo raise money for his company.CTo earn himself a good reputation.DTo promote kindness and sympathy.D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and

9、 sympathy”并结合全文内容可知，Bridges开展这个活动的目的在于传递“慷慨和同情之心”，故选D项。B(2019陕西部分学校第一学期摸底)In the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesops Fables, a thirsty crow drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. Crows

10、 actually do understand how to make water displacement(排水量) work to their advantage, experiments show. The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge, presented six crows with tubes containin

11、g water.Inside the tubes, a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating, just out of reach of the crow. In front of the tubes, the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink, and some plastic objects that would float. The crows found out that they could drop the erasers

12、into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.However, the_birds_handled_awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects into a narrow tube would lift the water lev

13、el by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didnt realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.Previous studies showed that chimps and human chil

14、dren can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.【解题导语】本文介绍了科学家通过实验对乌鸦智商的研究。4How did the crows get the snack in Sarahs experiment?ABy breaking the tube.BBy dropp

15、ing in erasers.CBy standing on the wood.DBy removing the wood.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.”可知， 乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管里， 使水位升高， 然后吃到零食。所以选B项。5What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardl

16、y” in Paragraph 4 ?AThey were unable to tell different shapes.BThey dropped objects only into narrow tubes.CThey were not aware of the snack at first sight.DThey mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.D解析：推理判断题。从第四段可知， 实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时， 虽然只需往细管里投两次物体就可以够到零食， 而需往粗管里投大约七次物体才能够到零食， 但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那

17、边， 而没有选择更容易获得零食的细管。由此可推知， 画线部分是说它们通常没有选择更容易的方式来得到零食。6What does the text mainly focus on?AStories of Aesops Fables.BThe development of crows.CCrows intelligence.DHumananimal communication.C解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.”以

18、及下文中的实验可知， 整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。7What do we know about crows in the passage?ACrows are almost as clever as firstgraders in some aspects.BCrows understand water displacement completely.CChimps and children are much smarter than crows.DThe story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二

19、段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.”可知， 乌鸦在一些方面几乎跟一年级学生一样聪明。 完形填空(2019南昌项目二模)“I have a letter for you，” my friend Kirsten told me on the phone.“I think its from your mother.” I was _1_， since my mother had been _2_for seven years.A few we

20、eks later Kirsten handed me the _3_ dated Aug.30, 2002.Around then I was preparing for my pilot courses final exam at the _4_school.The students finished the training on _5_ days.I was the first to _6_My mothers letter _7_after I left.Kirsten picked it up from my mailbox, to keep it _8_ she next saw

21、 me._9_， a few days later, when it was her turn to leave, she _10_ the letter among the piles of papers she _11_packed into boxes. It _12_there for a decade, during which my mother died. In 2013, when Kirsten _13_some dusty belongings from her flying school days, she_14_the letter.Its been two years

22、 since Kirsten gave me the letter which Ive carried on my long flights. But I havent _15_ it yet.When I told some friends this, they _16_their heads. They said they wouldnt have been able to wait a second. Of course, I _17_How could I not? about her_18_ in the envelope. Surely, I think, she had writ

23、ten to wish me luck, ask about my life and tell me the news from_19_to make me at ease. However, for now its _20_to look at her handwriting on the envelope, and to remember that until I open it, I know Ill hear from her once more.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了我的母亲写给我的一封信， 但由于意外， 我在十年后才收到这封信。我在文中表达了对母亲的怀念。1A.de

24、lightedBconfusedCterrifiedDmovedB解析：根据下文可知， 我的母亲已经去世七年了。所以， 当朋友告诉我这封信来自我的母亲时， 我很迷惑。delighted“高兴的”； confused“迷惑的”；terrified“非常害怕的”；moved“被感动的”。2A.backBlostCdeadDsickC解析：根据下文中的“during which my mother died”可知， 本题选C。3A.envelopeBpackageCticketDstampA解析：根据上文可知， 这是母亲写给我的一封信， 所以Kirsten交给我的是一个带有日期的信封。且下文中的“i

25、n the envelope”也是信息暗示， 故此处选A。envelope“信封”；package“包裹”；ticket“票”；stamp“邮票”。4A.artBsportsCflightDmilitaryC解析：根据空处之前的“my pilot courses final exam”和下文中的“flying school days”以及第三段第一句中的“on my long flights”可知， 作者上的是飞行学校。故选C。military“军队”。5A.blessedBhardCparticularDdifferentD解析：根据下文可知， 我是第一个离开的， 再结合下文中的“when

26、it was her turn to leave”可知， 学生们是在不同的日子完成训练的， 故选D。blessed“神圣的， 令人愉快的”；particular“特定的， 特别的”。6A.fleeBleaveCflyDescapeB解析：根据下文中的“after I left”可知， 此处选leave。flee“逃走， 逃离”；leave“离开”；fly“飞行”；escape“逃离”。7A.landedBreturnedCdisappearedDdeliveredA解析：在我离开之后，母亲的信到了。land“着陆， 到达”；return“返回”；disappear“消失”； deliver“递

27、送”。8A.untilBwhenCunlessDafterA解析：Kirsten从我的邮箱里把信拿出来， 保存到她下次见到我的时候，故选A。until“直到”符合语境。9A.SurelyBThankfullyCDoubtfullyDUnfortunatelyD解析：根据语境可知， 此处表示转折， 不幸的是， 轮到她离开时， 她把那封信误放到了她匆忙装到箱子里的成堆的文件里了。surely“必定， 无疑”； thankfully“幸亏， 满怀感激地”； doubtfully“感到怀疑地”； unfortunately“不幸地”。10A.removedBmisplacedChidDunfolded

28、B解析：参见上题解析。remove“搬走， 移走”；misplace“(因放错位置而)暂时丢失”； hide“隐藏， 躲藏”； unfold“展开， 打开”。11A.slowlyBseriouslyChurriedlyDcarefullyC解析：参见9题解析。slowly“慢慢地”； seriously“严重地”； hurriedly“匆忙完成地”； carefully“小心地”。12A.appearedBstoodCsettledDremainedD解析：它在那里待了十年。appear“出现”； settle“解决， 移民定居”； remain“停留”。13A.sorted throughB

29、set downCput downDgot throughA解析：2013年， 当她查看并整理一些在飞行学校上学时留下来的积满灰尘的物品的时候， 她发现了那封信。sort through“查看并整理”； set down“写下， 规定”； put down“放下， 记下”； get through“完成， 花完， 渡过”。14A.postedBrecalledCfoundDaddressedC解析：参见上题解析。post“邮寄”； recall“回忆起”； find“发现”； address“在(邮件、包裹)上写姓名和地址”。15A.receivedBopenedCtouchedDreplie

30、dB解析：根据文章最后一句中的“and to remember that until I open it.once more”可知选B。receive“收到”； open“打开”； touch“触摸”； reply“回答”。16A.noddedBliftedCshookDloweredC解析：根据下一句“They said they.a second.”可知， 当我告诉他们我还没有打开信的时候， 他们不赞成我的做法， 故应为摇了摇头。nod“点头”； lift“举起”； shake“摇动”； lower“降低”。17A.complainBinquireCworryDwonderD解析：当然，

31、我也想知道她在信里写了什么。“How could I not？”为插入语。wonder“想要知道”， 符合语境。complain“抱怨”； inquire“询问”； worry“担心”。18A.wordsBinterestsCpuzzleDsecretA解析：sb.s words“某人说的话(写的内容)”。19A.networksBabroadCpapersDhomeD解析：当然我认为她写信是要祝我好运，问问我的生活并且告诉我家里的消息以使我放松。故选D。network“网络”；abroad“外国”； paper“报纸”。20A.appropriateBenoughCfoolishDpoliteB解析：然而， 对于现在来说， 看到信封上母亲写的字， 并记住直到我打开它时， 我会再一次得到她的消息， 这就够了。appropriate“合适的”；enough“足够的”； foolish“愚蠢的”； polite“礼貌的”。