2020-2021学年高中英语 课时分层作业2 Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅳ Language Points（Ⅱ）（含解析）北师大版选修8.doc

1、课时分层作业(二)语言知识练习固基础.单句语法填空1The lion carried off the baby when the mother was cooking in the kitchen.2The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty.3We collected money in behalf of the poor student.4As we all know, many illnesses result from lack of exercise.5A rally was held to call for

2、 an end to the civil war.6The year 1949 saw(see) the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.7We express our thought by means of talking.8With a lot of difficult problems to settle(settle), the manager felt worried all the time.9The men were seized(seize) as they left the building.10You will have

3、to answer for your crimes one day.完成句子1The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。2The man would probably seize him by the wrist and take the razor away.那人很可能会抓住他的手腕，把刮胡刀夺走。3Instead of sending somebody on your behalf, you had better go and speak in person.你最好当面去说，而不要派某人代表你。4The sch

4、eme should be carried out right away这个规划要立即执行起来。5He has lost all his friends as a result of his foolish behaviour他行为愚蠢，因而失去了所有的朋友。高考题型练习提能力.阅读理解Longtime exposure to air pollution can lead to physical changes in the brain and cause trouble in learning and memory, and even anxiety. This is suggested b

5、y the results of new research on mice.While other studies have shown the harmful effects of polluted air in the lungs and heart，this is the first to show the negative effect on the brain.The team of Laura Fonken, Randy Nelson, from the Ohio State University, USA, has spread to the brain a previous l

6、ine of research which found that fine particulate(微粒) matter floating in the air mainly because of air pollution caused by humans, causes swelling in much of the body, and may be related to high blood pressure problems, and some other diseases.In the research Fonken and his colleagues exposed mice t

7、o polluted air for six hours each day，five days a week，over a period of 10 months，almost half the average life length of mice.Polluted air contains fine particles created by cars, factories and natural dust. Fine particles of this kind are tiny, about 2.5 micrometers in diameter, or about onethirtie

8、th the width of a human hair. These particles can go deep into lungs and other organs.The concentration of this particulate material to which they exposed mice is equal to the concentration at which people can be exposed in some polluted urban areas.After a period of 10 months, the researchers got t

9、he animals to have a series of behavioral tests. Both the behavior of mice and the results of neurological(神经的) tests done to them show that those within the polluted air had more problems in learning and memory, and higher levels of anxiety.The results suggest that longtime exposure to polluted air

10、 can have measurable negative effects on the human brain and can cause a variety of mental health problems. This could have important consequences for those living and working in polluted urban areas.【语篇解读】这是一篇科普文章，讲述最新的一项研究发现，让老鼠长期呆在污染的空气中，除了过去人们已经发现的对身体的影响外，首次发现了污染对神经系统的影响。这将会引起居住在污染城市的居民的关注。1The

11、results of new research on mice first suggest that polluted air mainly does harm to Anormal organsBlungs and heartCmental health Dblood pressureC细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Longtime exposure to air pollution can lead to physical changes in the brain and cause trouble in learning and memory，and even anxiety.”和第二

12、段内容可知答案为C。2The bad effects of tiny particles in polluted air are those EXCEPT Ahigh blood pressure problemsBmaking human hair thinnerCdifferent kinds of diseasesDswelling in much of the bodyB细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知答案为B。3From the last sentence we can infer that people living in polluted urban areas Aare li

13、kely to suffer from mental problemsBcan measure the negative effect on themCshow little concern for air pollutionDcan be exposed to polluted air longerA推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The results suggest that longtime exposure to polluted air can have measurable negative effects on the human brain and can cause a

14、variety of mental health problems.”可知，A项正确。4Which of the following is the best title for the passage?ALongtime Exposure to Air PollutionBEvidence and Concern of Air PollutionCMeasurable Effect on Human BrainDMental Problems Caused by Air PollutionD标题归纳题。根据全文理解可知，文章讲述最新的一项研究发现，让老鼠长期呆在污染的空气中，除了过去人们已经发

15、现的对身体的影响外，首次发现了污染对神经系统的影响。这会引起居住在污染城市的居民的关注，故标题用D合适。.完形填空World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. Another resolution, 1 by the General Assembly the same day, 2 to the creation of UNE

16、P(United Nations Environment Programme)World Environment Day can be celebrated in many ways, 3 street rallies, bicycles parades, green concerts, essay and poster competitions in schools, tree planting, recycling efforts, cleanup campaigns and 4 more.Heads of State, Prime Ministers and Ministers of E

17、nvironment deliver statements and commit themselves 5 caring for the Earth. More serious pledges are made 6 lead to the establishment of permanent governmental structures 7 environmental management and economic planning. This observance also provides an opportunity to sign or ratify international en

18、vironmental conventions.World Environment Day, 8 each year on 5 June is one of the principal vehicles 9 which the United Nations stimulates worldwide 10 of the environment and enhances political attention and action.The World Environment Day theme selected for 2004 11 Wanted! Seas and OceansDead 12

19、Alive? The 13 asks that we make a choice as to 14 we want to treat the Earths seas and oceans. It also 15 each and every one of us to act. Do we want to keep seas and oceans 16 and alive or polluted and dead?The main 17 celebrations of the World Environment Day 2004 was 18 in Barcelona, Spain in 19

20、collaboration with the Universal Forum of Cultures. UNEP was honoured that the City of Barcelona，the Catalan Regional Government and the Government of Spain 20 to host this important United Nations day.【语篇解读】本文介绍了世界环境日。它是联合国大会于1972年设立的，旨在引起全世界的人保护环境，增强各国的环保意识。1A.adoptedBadaptedCallowedDpermittedAado

21、pt“采纳”；adapt“适应，适用”；allow“允许”；permit“允许”。另外一个决议在大会上也被采纳，故选A。2A.dueBdevelopedCledDimprovedC导致了联合国环境规划署的创建。lead to“导致”。3A.containingBexpressingCholdingDincludingD空格后是许多方式中的一部分，即上下文之间是整体与部分的关系，故用including。4A.muchBevenClotDlittleA修饰比较级more“更多”用much；even“甚至”；lot和little不能修饰比较级。5A.forBtoCwithDonBcommit one

22、self to是固定结构，“致力于，献身于”。6A.whatBhowCwhichDwhyCwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词pledges。官员们做出了更多重要的服务承诺，这使得固定政府机构得以成立，该机构旨在处理环境管理和经济计划。7A.doing withBcontrolling withCagreeing withDdealing withD政府机构处理环境管理和经济计划问题。deal with“处理”。8A.rememberedBmemorizedCheldDcelebratedD世界环境日，在每年的6月5日被庆祝，其他动词不符合句意。9A.throughBtoCinDonAthrou

23、gh“通过”，其他介词与句意不符。10A.thoughtBfeelingCawarenessDideaC激起世界范围的环保意识，故用名词awareness。11A.didBhadCwentDwasDbe wanted固定短语，“通缉，寻找，征集”。12A.andBorCor elseDbut forBDead和Alive是对比形容词，此处应该是选择关系。13A.taskBdayCthemeDideaC由上文的theme可知，应该是环境日的主题口号要求我们做出选择。14A.whichBwhyChowDwhenC关于我们应该如何对待地球上的海和大洋。15A.calls onBcalls forCc

24、alls upDcalls atAcall on sb.to do sth.“号召某人去做某事”；call for“要求，需要”；call up“给某人打电话，想起某事物”；call at“拜访某地”。故答案选A。16A.longBhealthyCunhealthyDopenB本句话中活着与死亡相对，健康与污染相对。故答案应该是healthy。17A.nationalBinternationalCnaturalDofficialB由本句中的World以及第三段最后一句可知应选international。18A.takenBopenedCjoinedDheldD2004年的环境日的活动在巴塞罗那举行而不应该是召开。故用held。19A.deepBcloseCtightDfarB形容词close用来修饰名词collaboration协作”。close“密切的”；tight“紧紧的”。 in close collaboration with“与密切合作”。20A.hopedBwantedCmeantDwasDbe to do sth.“将要做某事”。