广东省广雅中学2021届高三新高考模拟英语试卷 WORD版含解析.doc

1、广东省广雅中学2021届高三新高考模拟试卷英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AThinking abo

2、ut holidaying alone, but a bit concerned about the pitfalls? You neednt worry if you consider these tips first. SafetyUnless you positively invite dangeri.e. hanging around a remote park at 4 a.m. with headphones ontravelling alone isnt actually that risky. The biggest danger is being taken for a ri

3、de. Literally, in the case of taxi drivers: always ask for an estimated fare before setting off. Otherwise, try to never look like a tourist. Ensure that someone else knows your journey and commit to regular contact with them.PlanBeing alone means you cant use your friends phones when yours runs out

4、 of juice, or rely on them should you lose your wallet. Put emergency systems in place: write down key numbers (friends, hotels, embassies, emergency services), have change for phone boxes and always keep some back-up money in your bag. Making friendsThis is another common and very valid worry when

5、travelling alone: what if no one likes me? Acquiring new companions is always easier than feared, but still a scary subject. It helps to look approachablesmile at people, have open body language and lose the sunglasses. Read something interesting to start a conversation, or ask strangers a question.

6、More hands-on methods include visiting expatriate bars, joining tours or using apps designed to help people make friends, such as Meetup.1. What can you do to ensure your safety when travelling alone?A. Behave as a traveler.B. Catch a lift when available.C. Wander in a distant park in the early morn

7、ing.D. Make your travel known by someone close to you.2. What preparations should be made in case of emergency?A. Calling the policeB. Contacting your friends.C. Asking strangers for help.D. Setting aside some money in your bag.3. Where is this text most probably from?A. A travel website.B. A health

8、 newspaper.C. A project handbook.D. A friend-making brochure.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要从安全、计划和交友三个方面提出了一些独自外出旅游的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ensure that someone else knows your journey and commit to regular contact with them.(确保别人知道你的旅程，并承诺定期与他们联系)”可知，独自旅行时，让亲近的人知道你的旅行，可以确保自己的安全。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题

9、。根据第三段中“Put emergency systems in place: write down key numbers (friends, hotels, embassies, emergency services), have change for phone boxes and always keep some back-up money in your bag.(准备好应急措施：记下关键电话号码，如朋友、酒店、大使馆、紧急服务机构，准备好电话亭的零钱，并在包里留一些备用资金)”可知，应该在你的包里留出一些钱，来应对紧急情况。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thinkin

10、g about holidaying alone, but a bit concerned about the pitfalls? You neednt worry if you consider these tips first.(想过独自度假，但又担心会有陷阱吗？如果你先考虑这些建议，你就不必担心)”结合文章主要从安全、计划和交友三个方面提出了一些独自外出旅游的建议。可推知，文章可能选自一个旅游网站。故选A。BThis is a story between a woman and a tree in America.Julia Hill was born in 1974. As she g

11、rew up, she realized it was important to protect trees At the age of 23, she heard some bad news one day. A company wanted to cut down part of forest in California. In the forest there was a 1, 000-year-old redwood tree, which was 70 metres tall! Julia wasnt happy about this. She thought, “If I sit

12、in the redwood tree, the company cant cut it down. ”So she traveled to California to protect the redwood tree. In order to stop the company, Julia climbed up the redwood tree, built a small treehouse and lived in it. Her friends cooked food for her every day. Many news reporters came to interview he

13、r. Julia talked to those reporters by mobile phone.Many people supported Julia, but other people were not on her side. They tried to stop her. The company used a helicopter to fly around her treehouse. It made a lot of noise and brought strong wind. But nothing could stop Julia. She stayed in the re

14、dwood tree for two years and eight days.In the end, Julia was successful. The company agreed not to cut down the redwood tree Julia and her friends became very happy.4. Where did the story happen?A In England.B. In Canada.C. In Australia.D. In America.5. Why did Julia travel to California?A. To make

15、 a speech on TV.B. To visit her friends.C. To protect the redwood tree.D. To have a meeting.6. Julia talked to those reporters_.A. by e-mail.B. over the radio.C. on the Internet.D. by mobile phone.7. What would be the best title for the text?A. A Woman and a House.B. A Woman and a Tree.C. A Woman an

16、d a Phone.D. A Woman and a Helicopter.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位女士Julia Hill 和一棵红杉树的故事。Julia为了保护有千年树龄的红杉树不被砍伐，就在树上做着一个树屋，在里面住了两年零八天。她最终成功了。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “This is a story between a woman and a tree in America.(这是一个发生在美国，一个女人和一棵树之间的故事。)”可知，这个故事发生在美国，故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“So she

17、 traveled to California to protect the redwood tree.(所以她前往加州保护红杉树。)”可知，她去加州是为了保护红杉树，故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Julia talked to those reporters by mobile phone.(Julia 通过手机和这些记者谈话。)”可知，Julia通过手机与记者交谈，故选D项。【7题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段 “This is a story between a woman and a tree in America.(这是一个发生在美国，一个女人和一棵树之间的故事。)”结

18、合全文内容可知，文章描述了一位美国女性为了让千年树龄的红杉树不被砍伐，就在树上做着一个树屋住在里面防止红杉树被砍，并且最后她成功了，由此可知B项“女人和树。”符合文章主旨，适合作为本文的标题，故选B项。CIn the near future, IOT （Internet of Things） will drive huge innovation （革新）in the way our food is grown. Plants will have a voice， not a human voice, but a voice based on data that can tell people,

19、 computers, and machines when, for example, they are thirsty, or need more sun, medicine, etc.Take vertical （垂直的）farms, for example. Farming is moving indoors where the growth of plants can be monitored and controlled. The facilities are built vertically, so growing areas can be put in piles. This g

20、reatly reduces the amount of land needed for farming.From an IOT point of view, vertical farms are connected in two ways. First, small sensors （传 感器）in the soil or connected to plants tell a control system exactly how much light, water, and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops. Sensors

21、will also tell vertical fanners when crops are nearing their peak for harvesting at just the right time to make sure its still fresh when it reaches its final destination.Second , vertical farms will be connected to other networks and information systems, including databases that track local demand.

22、 For example local restaurants may input when they need fresh food supplies. And vertical farmers could get that information so they know which crops to grow in what quantities. This type of IOT system would have been unimaginable a generation ago.Today, vertical farms are being experimented. Yet, t

23、he numbers point to a bright future for the industry especially as the worlds population continues to grow. For example, Green Sense Farms in Chicago is able to harvest crops 26 times a year using 85 percent less energy, one-tenth the water, and no pesticides. A side benefit of lower energy use is l

24、ower C02 output of two tons per month, with the added benefit of creating 46 pounds of oxygen every day.8. What is the main idea of the text?A. Voice machines help plants speak up.B. Farmers are all turning to vertical farming.C. IOT has brought great innovation to our future life.D. Vertical farms

25、driven by IOT are a future for agriculture.9. How do sensors attached to plants work?A. By recording farmers harvesting crops.B. By monitoring farmers working in their fields.C. By analyzing information to preserve crops.D. By passing information on to a control system.10. What can the IOT system he

26、lp to do according to Paragraph 4?A. Expand the output of crops.B. Match supply with demand.C. Determine the needs of farmers.D. Move restaurants onto farms.11. What is the authors attitude towards the future of vertical farming?A. Negative.B. Unconcerned.C. Hopeful.D. Doubtful.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 1

27、1. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章以垂直农场为例，讲述了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“In the near future, IOT （Internet of Things） will drive huge innovation （革新）in the way our food is grown. ”（在不久将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新。）和第二段第一句“Take vertical （垂直的）farms, for example. ”（以垂直农场为例。）可知，这篇文章主要是讲由物联网驱动的垂直农场是农业的未来。故

28、选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“First, small sensors （传 感器）in the soil or connected to plants tell a control system exactly how much light, water, and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops. ”（首先，土壤中与植物相连的小型传感器会向控制系统准确告知种植最健康的作物需要多少光、水和养分。）可知，附着在植物上的传感器是通过把信息传递给控制系统工作的。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段前三句“S

29、econd , vertical farms will be connected to other networks and information systems, including databases that track local demand. For example local restaurants may input when they need fresh food supplies. And vertical farmers could get that information so they know which crops to grow in what quanti

30、ties. ”（第二，垂直农场将与其他网络和信息系统相连，包括跟踪当地需求的数据库。例如，当地餐馆需要新鲜食品供应时可以输入。垂直种植的农民可以得到这些信息，这样他们就知道该种植哪种作物。）可推断，物联网可以将供应和需求相匹配。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Yet, the numbers point to a bright future for the industry especially as the worlds population continues to grow. ”（然而，这些数字表明了该行业的光明前景，尤其是在世界人口持续增长的情况下。）可知，作者对

31、垂直农场充满了希望。故选C。DIf there were an app on your phone that could improve your memory, would you try it? Who wouldnt want a better memory? After all, our memories are fragile and can be impaired (损害) by diseases, injuries, mental health conditions and aging.A multibillion-dollar industry for brain traini

32、ng already capitalizes on this perceived need by providing an abundance of apps for phones and tablets that provide mental challenges that are easily accessible and relatively inexpensive.However, brain training has become a controversial attempt. Some researchers have expressed deep reservations ab

33、out both its reliability and its validity. There was even a statement issued calling brain training into question, which, in turn, resulted in a counter response from researchers who defended it.The main controversies center around the extent to which the practice of these skills results in actual b

34、enefits that are consequential for your daily life. Does recalling an increasing number of digits (数字) help you remember to take your medication, do better on a school exam, remember the name of the person whom you met yesterday or even make better life choices?Some scientists question whether this

35、is even possible. Others argue that we should consider the brain like our muscles, which can be exercised and strengthened. In this analogy (类比), daily challenges, even demanding ones such as reading a detailed newspaper article or solving an algebra problem, might not be sufficiently challenging to

36、 furnish an adequate work-out for the brain.Just as athletes engage in strength and conditioning by repeatedly exercising certain muscle groups and body systems, targeted repetition of memory exercises may be the key to strengthening arid conditioning our memory processes. Memory training apps requi

37、re tracking a large number of objects while one is distracted with a secondary task (such as making mental calculations). That degree of difficulty and repetition, however, may be rare in daily life, which is the gap that memory apps aim to fill.12. What do the underlined words “capitalizes on” in p

38、aragraph 2 probably mean?A. Provides money for.B. Takes advantage of.C. Takes notice of.D. Makes up for.13. What is researchers attitude towards brain training?A. They think it should be totally banned.B. They are optimistic about its effectiveness.C. They are divided on its practical benefits in re

39、al life.D. They agree that it will pose challenges to our daily life.14. What does the author suggest in the last two paragraphs?A. Challenges in daily life provide enough exercise for the brain.B. Memory training apps may help strengthen our brain.C. Regular physical exercise can boost our mental c

40、apacity.D. Brain training may not achieve its desired effects.15. What is the authors purpose of writing this passage?A. To prove the importance of brain training.B. To analyze the benefits and risks of brain training.C. To discuss the reliability of memory training.D. To promote apps that are targe

41、ted at memory training.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。作者讨论了大脑训练的可信度。【12题详解】词句猜测题。从第二段的内容“A multibillion-dollar industry for brain training already capitalizes on this perceived need by providing an abundance of apps for phones and tablets that provide mental challenges that are easily acc

42、essible and relatively inexpensive.”可知，一个价值数十亿美元的大脑训练产业已经capitalizes on这种感知需求，为手机和平板电脑提供了大量的应用程序，这些应用程序提供了容易获取且相对便宜的心理挑战。根据语境可知，一个数十亿美元的大脑训练产业利用了这种感知需求。由此推知，划线词组意为“利用”故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段的内容“The main controversies center around the extent to which the practice of these skills results in actual

43、benefits that are consequential for your daily life.”可知，主要的争议集中在练习这些技巧能给你的日常生活带来多大的实际好处。由此可知，对于它在现实生活中的实际好处，研究者们存在分歧。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。文章倒数第二段说现实生活中的挑战，不足以为我们的大脑提供足够的训练，结合最后一段“Memory training apps require tracking a large number of objects while one is distracted with a secondary task (such as makin

44、g mental calculations). That degree of difficulty and repetition, however, may be rare in daily life, which is the gap that memory apps aim to fill.”可知，记忆训练应用程序需要追踪大量的物体，而一个人被次要任务分散注意力(比如进行心算)。然而，这种难度和重复程度在日常生活中可能很少见，而这正是内存应用程序想要填补的缺口。由此推知，记忆训练应用程序可能有助于增强我们的大脑。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可得知，作者讨论了科学界对大脑

45、训练这一做法的有效性的不同态度及其原因。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了探讨记忆训练的可靠性。故选C项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)Nowadays people want to know your website. _16_ Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. Th

46、e web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. _17_ Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it.While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a t

47、raditional magazine layout. At the top of the page is a banner (横幅). Next comes a greeting and short description of the site. Pictures, texts and links to other websites follow.Before you start building your site, do some planning. _18_ Next, gather up the materials that you want to put on the site.

48、While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind._19_ If you want too much at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add to your site. Less is better. Most people dont like to read a lot of long texts online. Break it into small pi

49、eces. Since it can take a long time to download large files.Have the right. Dont put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally. _20_.A. Start simply.B. Make it colorful.C. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.D. Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say.E

50、. Always remember to get the permission from the writer first.F. Having a web address is almost as important as owing a street address.G. Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door.【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了网站在我们的生活中的重要作用，同时介绍了一些网页制作

51、的流程和一些需要注意的事项。【16题详解】根据下文Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially millions of people around the world.可知您的网站是一个供您的家人，朋友和世界各地潜在的数百万人会面的电子场所。即拥有一个网络地址几乎和拥有一个街道地址一样重要。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. 把你的主页当作你网站的起点。

52、可知本句讲述主页。就像书或杂志的目录一样，网站主页就是前门。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文Before you start building your site, do some planning.可知在开始构建站点之前，先做一些规划。下文列举规划的内容：想想你的网站是为谁服务的，你想说什么。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文While there are no roles you have to follow，there are a few things to keep in mind：可知提示有几点事情需要记住，结合下文如果你在开始想要太多，这个网站可能无法落地，可知选A，简单的开始。【20题

53、详解】根据上文Dont put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally.可知除非你确定你可以合法地这样做，否则不要把任何材料放在你的网站上。即首先要得到这些材料作者的许可。故选E。第二部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)Dogs are often said to look like their owners, but the breed someone chooses could also reveal key aspects of their

54、personality, psychologists claim. They found that people _21_ different types of dog depending on their lifestyle and character, though they typically dont realize it.Corgi owners, such as the Queen, tend to be extroverted, _22_ Sir Isaac Newtons Pomeranian could have signaled that he was creative a

55、nd intelligent, the study suggested. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridges choice of a cocker spaniel puppy, Lupo, may _23_ that they are agreeable and conscientious, while owners of greyhounds and beagles are more likely to be emotionally stable. This could be because, like in a romantic relationship,

56、 we tend to _24_ ourselves with pets that we feel we share something in common with, researchers from Bath Spa University found. It could also _25_ our lifestyle, with active dogs like retrievers and greyhounds appealing more to people who enjoy spending time _26_, they added.Dr. Lance Workman and J

57、o Fearon surveyed 1,000 dog owners via an online questionnaire on behalf of the Kennel Club. The questions were designed to test the so-called “Big Five” traits that _27_ our personality: extroversion, agreeableness, emotional stability, conscientiousness and intelligence. Dr. Workman said there was

58、 a definite link between a dogs _28_ and their owners personality. “I think when you look for a dog at some level, largely _29_, you look for something that is a bit like you,” he said. “Its a bit like a romantic partner. If they _30_ they will probably last, and contrary to popular opinion, with ro

59、mantic partners opposites dont attractyou need to have a lot _31_ if its going to last.”But it also has to suit your lifestyle, he added. If youre going to get a(n) _32_ breed, you need to be an outdoor type person.Someones choice of dog could also reveal _33_ personality traits that do not immediat

60、ely come across from watching them or listening to them speak. The Queens _34_ for corgis, for example, may signal that she is more extroverted than she appears to be, Dr. Workman explained. He said, “It takes a lot to get up and stand up in front of the number of people she does as often as she doe

61、s, and give a good talk, and at the same time she has to be controlled as the head of state. _35_ the minor royals can party, shes never been able to do that, so I think the personality that we see appears less extroverted than she actually is.”21. A. are aware ofB. are drawn towardsC. are compared

62、toD. are disrespectful to22. A. ifB. whileC. as ifD. because23. A. confessB. proposeC. reflectD. announce24. A. matchB. contrastC. confuseD. provide25. A. changeB. result inC. be down toD. interact with26 A. workingB. planningC. indoorsD. outdoors27. A. combineB. governC. outweighD. examine28. A. si

63、zeB. breedC. temperamentD. origin29. A. subconsciouslyB. knowinglyC. indifferentlyD. distinctively30. A. figure outB. team upC. break downD. fit in31. A. in commonB. to offerC. at handD. on hold32. A. fashionableB. luxuriousC. energeticD. glamorous33. A. hiddenB. positiveC. negativeD. evident34. A.

64、toleranceB. capacityC. talentD. fondness35. A. SinceB. WhereasC. ForD. As long as【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人们常说狗像它们的主人，但心理学家称，人们选择狗的品种也能揭示出他们性格的一些关键方面。【21题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们发现人们会被不同类型的狗所吸引，这取决于他们的生活方式和性格，尽管他们通常没有

65、意识到这一点。A. are aware of意识到；B. are drawn towards吸引；C. are compared to与相比；D. are disrespectful to不尊重。根据下文with active dogs like retrievers and greyhounds appealing more to people who enjoy spending time _6_（猎犬和灵缇犬等活跃的狗更能吸引喜欢户外活动的人）可知这里意思是他们发现人们会被不同类型的狗所吸引，这取决于他们的生活方式和性格。故选B。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，英国女王等

66、柯基的主人往往比较外向，而艾萨克牛顿爵士养的博美犬则可能表明他很有创造力、很聪明。A. if如果；B. while（对比两件事物）而；C. as if好像；D. because因为。文中在进行对比，所以用while。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥公爵和公爵夫人选择了一只可卡犬卢波，这可能反映出他们是和蔼可亲、尽职尽责的人，而养灰狗和比格犬的人情绪更稳定。A. confess承认；B. propose建议；C. reflect反映；D. announce宣布。 “剑桥公爵和公爵夫人是和蔼可亲、尽职尽责的人，而养灰狗和比格犬的人情绪更稳定”这是通过狗的品种反映出的主人的性格特点

67、。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴斯温泉大学的研究人员发现，这可能是因为，就像在恋爱中一样，我们倾向于把自己和感觉有共同之处的宠物匹配。A. match匹配；B. contrast对比； C. confuse使混乱；D. provide提供。根据like in a romantic relationship可推测出我们倾向于把自己和感觉有共同之处的宠物匹配。故选A。【25题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们补充说，这也可能与我们的生活方式有关，猎犬和灵缇犬等活跃的狗更能吸引喜欢户外活动的人。A. change改变；B. result in导致；C. be down to由负责；

68、D. interact with与相互作用。根据with active dogs like retrievers and greyhounds appealing more to people who enjoy spending time _6_可知什么类型的狗可以吸引我们，与我们的生活方式有关。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们补充说，这也可能与我们的生活方式有关，猎犬和灵缇犬等活跃的狗更能吸引喜欢户外活动的人。A. working工作；B. planning计划； C. indoors在户内；D. outdoors在户外。上文说我们倾向于把自己和感觉有共同之处的宠物匹配。

69、由此推知，性情活跃的狗自然是更能吸引喜欢户外活动的人。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些问题旨在测试所谓的控制我们的“五大”性格：外向性、亲和性、情绪稳定性、责任心和智力。A. combine结合；B. govern控制；C. outweigh比重要；D. examine检查。根据the so-called “Big Five” traits可知这里意思是控制我们的“五大”性格。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：沃克曼博士说，狗的性情和主人的性格之间有一定的联系。A. size尺寸；B. breed品种；C. temperament性情；D. origin起源。下文

70、说当你在寻找狗时，你会寻找和你有点像的东西，可知狗的性情和主人的性格之间有一定的联系。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我认为，当你在寻找狗时，在某种程度上，主要是下意识地，你会寻找和你有点像的东西，”他说。A. subconsciously潜意识地；B. knowingly故意地；C. indifferently冷淡地；D. distinctively特殊地。你在寻找狗时，你会寻找和你有点像的东西，这是潜意识确定的。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果他们能适应，他们很可能会持久。A. figure out解决；B. team up合作；C. break down

71、发生故障；D. fit in适应。根据 they will probably last可知这里意思是如果他们能适应彼此，他们的关系会持久。故选D。【31题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：你们需要有很多共同之处才能维持长久关系。A. in common共同的；B. to offer提供；C. at hand在手边；D. on hold暂停。根据if its going to last. 可知这里意思是你们需要有很多共同之处，才能维持长久的关系。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你想要一个精力充沛的品种，你需要成为一个户外型的人。A. fashionable流行的；B. luxur

72、ious奢侈的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. glamorous迷人的。根据with active dogs like retrievers and greyhounds appealing more to people who enjoy spending time _6_（猎犬和灵缇犬等活跃的狗更能吸引喜欢户外活动的人）可知这里意思是如果你想要一个精力充沛的品种，你需要成为一个户外型的人。故选C。33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人对狗的选择也可能揭示出隐藏的性格特征，这些特征不会在观察他们和听他们说话时马上无意识地发现。A. hidden隐藏的；B. positive

73、积极的；C. negative否定的；D. evident明显的。根据that do not immediately come across from watching them or listening to them speak（这些特征不会在观察他们和听他们说话时马上无意识地发现）可知这些性格特征是隐藏的。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：沃克曼博士解释说，例如，女王对柯基犬的喜爱，可能表明她比看上去更外向。A. tolerance容忍；B. capacity能力；C. talent才能；D. fondness喜爱。根据上文Corgi owners, such as the

74、Queen, tend to be extroverted可知女王喜爱柯基犬。故选D。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然小王室成员可以参加聚会，但她从来不这样做，所以我认为我们看到的性格似乎不像她实际上那么外向。”A. Since因为；B. Whereas虽然；C. For因为；D. As long as只要。“皇室成员可以参加社交聚会”和“她从来没有这样做过”之间是转折关系。故选B。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分)语法填空Non-Hermitian wave engineering is _36_recent and fast-moving field that

75、examines both fundamental and application-oriented phenomena One such phenomenon is coherent perfect absorption-an effect commonly _37_（refer） to as anti-lasing because it corresponds to the time-reversed process of coherent emission of radiation at the lasing threshold （where all radiation losses a

76、re exactly balanced by the optical gain）Coherent perfect absorbers have been _38_（experimental）realized in several setups with the notable exception of a CPA _39_a disordered medium Such a random CPA would be the time-reverse of a random laser， in_40_light is resonantly enhanced by multiple scatteri

77、ng inside a disorder Because of the_41_（complex） of this scattering process， the light field emitted by a random laser is also spatially complex and not focused like a regular laser beam Realizing a random CPA （or random anti-laser） is therefore_42_（challenge） because it requires the equivalent of t

78、ime-reversing such a light field in all_43_degrees of freedom to create coherent radiation that is perfectly absorbed when _44_（impinge） on a disordered medium Here we use microwave technology_45_（build） a random anti-laser and demonstrate its ability to absorb suitably engineered incoming radiation

79、 fields with near-perfect efficiency【答案】36. a 37. referred 38. experimentally 39. in 40. which 41. complexity 42. challenging 43. its 44. impinging 45. to build【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种抗激光效应以及其实验应用。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：是一个快速发展的领域，表示泛指“一个领域”，故填a。【37题详解】考查非谓语。refer to与effect是动宾关系，故填过去分词做后置定语，故填referred。【38题详解

80、】考查副词。修饰动词realize需要副词形式，故填experimentally。【39题详解】考查介词。短语in a disordered medium表示“在无序介质中”，故填介词in。【40题详解】考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词random laser，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，指物，故填关系代词which【41题详解】考查名词。because of后面接名词或名词短语，故填complexity。【42题详解】考查形容词。is是系动词，故填形容词作表语，故填challenging。【43题详解】考查代词。degrees为名词，需要形容词修饰，本句中表示“在它的自由程度上”，

81、故填its。【44题详解】考查省略以及非谓语动词。when引导的时间状语从句省略了it is，故填impinging。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”后跟不定式做目的状语，故填to build。第三部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)46. 假如你是中学生李华，你从学校网站了解到你校外籍交换生Peter想聘请一名中国学生辅导他学习汉语，你对此很感兴趣，请给他写封邮件。要点包括：1个人简介；2应聘原因；3询问要求。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Peter，I am Li H

82、ua，a Chinese student.From the school net，I know that you are looking for a Chinese student who can help you learn Chinese.I am very interested in it because I can not only speak Chinese well but also write well.I am glad that you show an interest in learning Chinese，which has a long and rich history

83、.After you have learned the Chinese language，you will be able to know more about the Chinese culture.I am sure you will learn Chinese well with my help.I wonder if you have some other requests.Please reply to me as soon as possible.Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一篇电子邮件：你

84、从学校网站了解到你校外籍交换生Peter想聘请一名中国学生辅导他学习汉语，你对此很感兴趣，请给他写封邮件。要点包括：个人简介；应聘原因；询问要求。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：a Chinese student.From the school net（来自学校网站的一名中国学生）；the Chinese language（汉语语言）；the Chinese culture.（中国文化）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文是一

85、封电子邮件，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。文中使用高级句子。I know that you are looking for a Chinese student who can help you learn Chinese.宾语从句和定语从句完美结合；I am very interested in it because I can not only speak Chinese well but also write well.句中because引导原因状语从句；I wonder if you have some other r

86、equests.句中if引导宾语从句。第二节 (满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I am a photographer running a studio in the inner city. We are well known for our childrens portraits (肖像)，and we range from high-end portraits for modelling jobs to fun sibling photos and birth announcements. We do a bit of ever

87、ything； as such, we are extremely busy, and it states on our website that we do not accept walk-ins. We are usually booked up six months in advance. One day, ten minutes before closing, a mum walked in with a young girl around six or seven behind her. I internally sighed.The mother said：Hello. I kno

88、w youre closing soon, but I have a special favour to ask.”At that point the little girl peeked around her mothers legs and I was lost for words. Under her thick winter coat and hat, she was skinny with huge dark circles under her eyes. From what I could tell, she had no hair, and a tube taped to her

89、 cheek that fed into her nose. It was immediately clear this kid was very, very sick.The mother said again, nearly teary. My daughter saw one of your photos taped to the wall at the hospital. She really loves unicorns (独角兽)and the photo had a girl photoshopped onto a horse. I know youre booked up, a

90、nd its months before the next appointment, but”At that point she actually started crying. I realised that our next available appointment was probably way too far away for this particular kid. The little girl squeezed her mothers hand. I am a very big guy with a beard, but Im not ashamed to say I nee

91、ded a minute before I spoke.I smiled and said with the softest voice I had ever had ： ” Ahh, thats just for regular customers I Ive been waiting all day to take a photo of someone as beautiful as you! Whats your name, sweetheart?注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。I locked the front door and invited them to

92、 the changing room,_The mother thanked me over and over and came up front, holding out her credit card. ._【答案】I locked the front door and invited them to the changing room. I spent the next three hours taking photos of this kid in every princess costume I have in my closet. She was the sweetest, mos

93、t well-behaved kid I had ever worked with. Once we were done, she lay on the couch in my office and fell asleep while I loaded up the photos for her mum to see and choose the ones she liked best.The other thanked me over and over and came up front, holding out her credit card. I refused to accept it

94、, say: “I feel very honored to take a photo of such a lovely angel. Im not taking money for this, but I hope you can allow me to put one of her photos in our showcase, because she has the most beautiful and warmest smile. Many years later that photo of a sick little girl on a giant pink unicorn is s

95、till in a frame in my shop, always reminding me to show kindness to those who really need it.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名摄影师，在市中心经营一家工作室，生意火爆，顾客不预约，就不接受其摄影订单。一天，一个妈妈带着生病的女儿来到作者店里，想要作者给女儿拍一张有独角兽的照片。虽然妈妈没预约，但作者答应给小女孩拍照片。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我锁上前门，邀请她们去更衣室。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮助小女孩拍了很多照片，拍完后，小女孩累得睡着了，作者让她妈妈选择最好的

96、照片。由第二段首句内容“另一个人一遍又一遍地感谢我，然后走到前面，拿出她的信用卡。”可知，第二段可描写作者拒绝接受钱，但希望放一张小女孩的照片在店里，这张照片提醒作者要对那些真正需要照片的人表示友好。2.续写线索：拍照选照片拒绝钱请求感悟3词汇激活行为类拍照：taking photos / taking pictures睡着了：fell asleep / fell into a sleep拒绝：refused / rejected情绪类感到荣幸：feel very honored to / feel a great honor to笑容：smile / smiling expression【点

97、睛】高分句型1. She was the sweetest, most well-behaved kid I had ever worked with.（先行词是the sweetest, most well-behaved kid，用了省略that引导的定语从句）高分句型2. Many years later that photo of a sick little girl on a giant pink unicorn is still in a frame in my shop, always reminding me to show kindness to those who really need it.（用了现在分词短语作状语，用了who引导的定语从句）