《2017参考》金版教程2016高考英语二轮复习训练：3-1-1 词性转换B WORD版含解析.doc

1、建议用时：45分钟.语法填空A单句语法填空用括号内单词的正确形式填空。12015广东梅州一模He decided he had no _ (choose) but to drop out, telling his _ (puzzle) parents he wasnt cut out for college.答案：choice；puzzled第一空，及物动词had及形容词no后需填名词，故答案是choice。第二空，形容词作定语修饰后面的名词parents，故填puzzled。22015河南洛阳统考_ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed u

2、p to reach our destination.答案：Obviously此处考查副词作状语，故填obviously。32015江西新余期末Cursing (咒骂) my _ (fortune), I was wondering where I was going to spend the night.答案：misfortunemy后应填名词，但根据语境“cursing (咒骂)”可知此处为不幸，故填misfortune。42015辽宁丹东五校期末The old people there were talkative and they told us their personal stor

3、ies _ (cheer)答案：cheerfully此处修饰动词told，故用副词cheerfully。注意转换规则。52015广东广州调研The _ (success) fisherman invited the officer to accompany him and observe.答案：successful空前为冠词，空后为名词。因此空格处为形容词作定语修饰fisherman，故答案是successful。62015山西太原一模Everyone has several free hours every day and is _ (complete) free on weekends,

4、too.答案：completely此处考查副词修饰形容词，故填completely。72015江西赣州模拟Computer game _ (design) often create interesting video games to tempt players to keep playing.答案：designers根据空格在句子主语的位置可知，填名词。另外，根据语义此处为“设计者”的意思，为designer，谓语动词为复数，故填designers。82015黑龙江大庆质检I know our parties would trouble you, but I meant to send yo

5、u an _ (invite)答案：invitation根据不定冠词可知此处填名词，故填invitation。92015东北师大摸底三It was a little far from her car and it was a _ (fog) day yesterday in Missouri.答案：foggy根据空格位置可知此处为形容词作定语修饰day，故填foggy。102015河北保定期末They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making _ (prepare)

6、 for the long cold winter.答案：preparations考查固定短语及prepare变名词。“make preparations for”为作准备。B语篇语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。2015河北衡水三调A boy trembled in the cold winter, _1_ (wrap) his arms around himself on a bus stop bench. He _2_ (wear) warm clothes and the temperature was 10 . A heartbreaki

7、ng scene! But the good deeds of the ordinary people who witnessed _3_ 11yearold Johannes were both joyous _4_ inspiring. A woman, sitting next to the boy, discovered he was _5_ a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop. She _6_ (self) covered her own coat around his shoulders. L

8、ater, _7_ woman at first gave him her scarf, and then wrapped him in her large jacket. Throughout the day, more and more people offered Johannes their gloves and even the coats off their backs. _8_ (actual), it was a hidden camera experiment by Norwegian charity SOS Childrens Village as part of thei

9、r winter campaign to collect _9_ (donate) to help Syrian children get through the winter. Synne Ronning, the information head of the organization, also noted that the child was a volunteer who was never in any _10_ (dangerous) during the filming.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._本文描述的是一个令人心碎，但又充满爱的场景，目的是为

10、唤醒人们去帮助叙利亚的孩子们度过寒冬。1wrapping考查非谓语动词的用法。根据空格在句中的位置，可知应填非谓语，其逻辑主语是“A boy”，两者为主动关系，故填wrapping。2wasnt wearing考查动词时态用法。根据句子结构，可知此处填谓语，结合语境可知应表示否定意义且表状态。3the考查冠词用法。根据语境此处指上文提到的男孩，故填the。4and考查连词用法。joyous与inspiring为并列关系，故填and。5on考查介词用法。“on a.trip”表示“去的路上”。6selflessly考查词性转换。分析句子结构，该空修饰动词，故应用副词，结合语义可知答案是selfl

11、essly。7another考查代词用法。上文中提到过“a woman”，该空又提到“另一位女士”，可知填“another”。8Actually考查词性转换。该空位于句首且对整句进行修饰，故用副词。9donations考查词性转换。募捐应为“collect donations”。空格在动词后，故用名词。10danger考查词性转换。any为形容词，修饰名词，故应填名词danger。.完形填空2015江西南昌一模Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The m

12、eaning of unknown words which you _1_ in your reading sometimes can be known by their _2_， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (词性) of the _3_ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be _4_.Readers often have trouble b

13、ecause they understand the sentence word by word instead the _5_ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown words part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you _6_. Once you

14、know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to _7_ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more _8_ than if you had just looked it up.Comparison clues indicate that two or m

15、ore things are _9_. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have _10_. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made._11_clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually _12_ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.To find

16、meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not _13_ on specific words to indicate meaning. This kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words _14_ you discover the meaning of a word or

17、 sentence. Common _15_ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help in defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently” _16_？ You know what _17_ means, and you know how people _18_ when they argue. From thi

18、s, you can _19_ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong _20_ or intense feeling.本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种在阅读过程中学习生词的方法和技巧。1A.take downBlook upCcome acrossDpick out答案：C有时候你在阅读中所遇到的生词的意思可以通过语境知道其含义。take down “记下”；look up “查阅”；come across “遇见”； pick out “找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few

19、 more times”也是提示，故C项正确。2A.sentencesBwordsCtopicsDsurroundings答案：D根据“that is”可知，此空与contexts是同义词，与下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge ofthe meaning of surrounding words”呼应，故D项正确。3A.unknownBabnormalCfamiliarDnegative答案：A句子的语境可以告诉我们生词的词性。与上文中的“unknown words”呼应可知，此处是指生词，即A项正确。abnormal

20、“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“负面的”。4A.uniqueBnaturalChelpfulDcommon答案：C利用段落的语境来确定生词也是有帮助的。与下文中的“Common _15_ and your knowledge of the parts of speechalso help defining unknown words.”呼应，即C项正确。5A.correctBinconvenientCdifferentDsatisfactory答案：A读者经常遇到麻烦，因为他们逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一个词的正确意思。根据空格前的“Readers often ha

21、vetrouble”可推知，读者没有理解一个词的正确意思，即A项正确。6A.casesBreasonsCeffectsDclues答案：D生词周围的词可以给你(提供)线索。与下文中的“Comparison clues”呼应，即D项正确。7A.translateBinterviewCcontinueDexamine答案：C一旦你知道了这个词是名词还是形容词，那么你就可以不必停下来去查这个词的意思而继续读下去。根据空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此处应用continue“继续”，故C项正确。8A.strangelyBuncertainlyCpotentiallyDfi

22、rmly答案：Dstrangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“犹豫地”；potentially“潜在地”；firmly“坚定地”。根据空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在生词出现的频率较高的情况下，根据语境，读者就可以更加确定其具体的含义，即D项正确。9A.alikeBmeaningfulCproperDgreat答案：A比较性线索表明两个或多个事物是相似的。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，此处表示事物的相似性，即A项正确。10A.propertiesBsimilaritiesCpossibilit

23、iesDpersonalities答案：B之所以可能作比较是因为认识的词和不认识的词之间有相似性。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。 11A.PopularityBConsiderationCExampleDComparison答案：C例子线索会通过举例来提示读者。与空格后的“anexample”和“Example clues”呼应，故C项正确。12A.affectedBadjustedCchangedDintroduced答案：D例子线索通常通过以下词或短语来提出。affect “影响”；adjust“调整”；change“改变”；int

24、roduce“提出”。故D项正确。13A.focusBspendCcarryDrely答案：D另一种线索并不是靠具体的词来表明(生词的)意思的。与上文“textbased clues”形成对比，这种线索不是依赖上下文而得出词义的，故D项正确。rely on“依赖”，符合语境。14A.preventsBhelpsCtellsDdisplays答案：B你对附近的词的意思的理解有助于你了解一个词或一个句子的意思。故B项正确。15A.pointBtasteCawarenessDsense答案：D常识和对词性的了解也有助于(读者)给生词下定义。固定搭配：common sense “常识”，符合语境，故D

25、项正确。16A.meanBuseCcontainDcomplete答案：A“vehemently”是什么意思呢？与下文中的“You know what _17_ means”形成呼应，A项正确。17A.angryBgratefulChappyDanxious答案：A你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人们在争辩时的感受。与上文中的“the angry driver”呼应，故A项正确。18A.actBsayCfeelDthink答案：C根据上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people _18_ when they argue”可推知，C项正确。19A

26、.comeBfigureCtakeDset答案：B由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”与强烈的情感或紧张的情绪有关。come out“出现，出版”；figure out“弄明白”；take out“切除”；set out“出发”。20A.demandBambitionCattitudeDemotion答案：Ddemand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“态度”；emotion“情感”。与语境“or intense feeling”呼应可知，此处表示情感，故D项正确。.阅读理解A2015山东潍坊市一模For decades， the San Francisco Bay a

27、rea has been the heart of the computer technology industry. Many of the biggest technology companies have their headquarters in the area called Silicon Valley. But the area has not always been associated with charity (慈善)Now, a new generation of entrepreneurs (企业家) appears to be changing Silicon Val

28、ley. One example is Marc Benioff, a donor (捐赠者), who has called on wealthy donors to give more to their communities. He also is the founder of S, a computer service company in San Francisco which has helped build a childrens hospital and given millions of dollars to nonprofit organizations in the ci

29、ty.Money from the technology industry has also started to change the face of charity. Benjamin Soskis writes about the history and ideas behind charity in America. His articles have appeared in The Atlantic magazine and a number of major publications. He says, traditionally， donors gave after they s

30、pent much of their lives building up wealth. Usually donors are in their 70s. But an increasing number of people appearing on the list of top donors are younger than 40 years of age. Benjamin Soskis says that is something new. “Theres a whole new model thats appearing in which people give and accumu

31、late at the same time.”Some of the young donors on this years top 50 list have started to change in the way people see charity. That is especially the case in the San Francisco area, where giving money and making money appear to be coming together. “I think its fair to say that charity is now a part

32、 of the Silicon Valley identity.”本文主要介绍了美国硅谷的慈善新形象。1What is true of Marc Benioff?AHe joined a nonprofit organization.BHe advised donors to build hospitals.CHe made San Francisco a city of charity.DHe set up the company of S.答案：D考查细节理解。根据第二段的第三句“He also is the founder of S, a computer service company

33、 in San Francisco which has helped build a childrens hospital and given millions of dollars to nonprofit organizations in the city”可知，Marc Benioff成立了S公司，即D项正确。2What is special about the donors of Silicon Valley?AThey prefer to give rather than make money.BThey give after accumulating a lot of wealth

34、.CThey are much younger than the usual donors.DThey donate more money to their communities.答案：C考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Usually donors are in their 70s. But an increasing number of people appearing on the list of top donors are younger than 40 years of age. Benjamin Soskis says that is something new.”可知，硅谷捐献者

35、比普通的捐献者要年轻许多，即C项正确。3Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AThe Age of CharityBThe Changing Face of CharityCIn Search of New FacesDFrom Computer Base to Charity Centre答案：B考查标题概括。第三段的第一句“Money from the technology industry has also started to change the face of charity”点题，结合全文的整体内容可

36、推知，本文主要讲述的是硅谷慈善事业的新形象，即B项正确。1decade n. 十年；十年期2generation n. 一代，产生3wealthy adj. 富有的；丰裕的4traditionally adv. 传统地5accumulate vt. 累积；积累1be associated with 与有关；与有联系2call on 号召；访问；请求3at the same time 与此同时原文：Some of the young donors on this years top 50 list have started to change in the way people see char

37、ity. (定语从句)译文：在年度前50名名单中的一些年轻捐助者，在看待慈善事业的方式方面已经开始有了改变。仿写：It is not what he said but the way he_answered _the_question that disappointed his parents.不是他说的话而是他回答问题的方式让他父母很失望。B点击观看解答视频 2015河南洛阳统考二It is 7 am. and the alarm is going off. You know you have to be out of bed to catch the bus. But the urge t

38、o bury yourself in the bed is ever so strong. Sounds familiar? Why is it that teens find it difficult to get themselves out of bed in time every morning or stay sharp and focused during the first couple of hours of school？During adolescence， the body goes through many changes and these include a shi

39、ft in sleep patterns. Researchers from MIT have been tracking the bodys need for sleep in teenagers. They found that though adolescents need as much as 9.5 hours of sleep a day, they get to bed later and later with each passing year. In fact, the sleep cycle shifts later by as much as 12 to 18 minut

40、es each year between the ages of 10 and 20! So by the time a 10yearold who sleeps at 8 pm. grows to be 17 or 18, his body naturally wants to stay up till 10：30 pm. or 11 pm.According to researchers, this is because of a hormone called melatonin (褪黑激素) that is secreted (分泌) by the pineal glanda tiny

41、structure deep inside the brain. Melatonin regulates the bodys natural daynight rhythms. It causes a person to become sleepy by lowering his bodys core temperature. In teens, melatonin is secreted much later in the evening and continues to increase throughout the night. This makes it difficult for t

42、eens to fall asleep earlier as they did in their younger years. Likewise, the effect of melatonin continues until much later in the morning, making it hard for them to wake up early.A study found that at least one in four teens is tired and falls asleep in school at least once a week. During sleep,

43、important body functions and brain activities happen. So how can teenagers get their sleep enough? The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that middle and high schools should start laternot before 8：30 am. This should give teens some more time to sleep at night.本文是一篇说明文。早睡才能早起，晚睡会导致早上赖床，

44、睡觉周期的改变实际上受制于大脑中一种被称为褪黑激素的荷尔蒙。4From Paragraph 2, we can learn that if you sleep late, the next day you should _.Astay sharpBskip breakfastCget up lateDstay up late答案：C考查细节理解。文章第一段提到为什么孩子们早上不愿起床，第二段紧接着分析原因，说明孩子们睡觉晚是他们早上赖床的原因，即C项正确。5What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe stu

45、dents want to stay up.BThe shifts of the sleep cycle.CThe pineal gland secretes melatonin.DThe adolescents sleep late.答案：B考查代词指代。第二段提到了睡觉周期的改变，第三段紧接着解释造成这一现象的原因，因此this指睡觉周期的改变，即B项正确。6The teens go to sleep later than before because _.Amelatonin is secreted much laterBmelatonin regulates the sleep tim

46、eCthey sleep a lot in the daytimeDthey need to finish their homework答案：A考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“In teens, melatonin is secreted much later in the evening and continues to increase throughout the night”可知，孩子们睡觉晚是由褪黑激素分泌晚造成的，即A项正确。7According to AAPs recommendation, middle and high schools should _.Alet teens

47、 sleep in the dayBlet the students be activeCdelay the start timeDstart later at 8 am.答案：C考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，AAP建议初中和高中上午上课的时间应该推迟，即C项正确。1urge v. 力劝；催促2adolescence n. 青春期3throughout prep. 整个的，在期间4function n/vi. 功能；起作用5recommend vt. 推荐，介绍1go through 经历；仔细检查2stay up 熬夜；挺住3fall asleep 入睡；睡着原文：Why

48、 is it that teens find it difficult to get themselves out of bed in time every morning or stay sharp and focused during the first couple of hours of school? (强调句型)译文：为什么青少年发现每天早上起床或在学校的前几个小时里保持思维敏捷注意力集中很难？仿写：Wasnt_it the icy road rather than the drivers that was to blame for the series of traffic accidents?难道不是冰滑的路面而是司机们为这一系列的交通事故负责吗？