策略03 微观策略之确保时语态一致-2021年高考英语提分策略之语法填空【学科网名师堂】 (共38张PPT).ppt

1、2021年高考英语提分策略语法填空策略03 微观策略之确保时语态一致策略01 准确把握时态使用差异1.【解析】have made。考查时态。根据时间状语over the years可知本句用现在完成时。2.【解析】recommended。考查时态。根据and可知所填词语与前面的shared构成并列谓语结构,故填recommended。3.【解析】improved。考查时态。根据after引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时,前后时态保持一致,主句用一般过去式,故填improved。4.【解析】was driving。根据固定句型:was/were doing sth.+when.,可知,应用过去

2、进行时。【策略点金】1.认清常考时态的标志性时间状语(1)一般现在时:看到every time,now and then,often,sometimes,usually,occasionally,always,seldom等时间状语,要想到用一般现在时。(2)一般过去时:看到yesterday,last year,in 2015,the other day,two days ago,一段时间+later 等时间状语,要想到用一般过去时。(3)一般将来时:看到tomorrow,next year,in a week,in the future,right away,soon,tonight等时间

3、状语,要想到用一般将来时。(4)现在进行时:看到all the time,at this moment,at present,always,continually,constantly等时间状语,要想到用现在进行时。(5)现在完成时:看到since,recently,lately,already,in the last/past few days,so far,up to now,till now,for+时间段,it is the first time.等标志词,要想到用现在完成时。(6)过去完成时:看到by then,by the end of.,by that time,it was t

4、he first time.等标志词,要想到用过去完成时。2.牢记常见固定句式中的时态(1)was/were doing.when+一般过去时(2)was/were about to do.when+一般过去时(3)had(just)done.when+一般过去时(4)Hardly+had+主语+done.when+一般过去时(5)No sooner+had+主语+done.when+一般过去时(6)This/That/It is the+序数词+time+that+现在完成时(7)This/That/It was the+序数词+time+that+过去完成时(8)It is/has bee

5、n+时间段+since+一般过去时【易错警示】忽略时间状语,相近时态混用China _(spend)a lot of money on such research in the recent years.(变式)China _(spend)a lot of money on such research in the past.【剖析】题中的时间状语in the recent years是与现在有关的时间状语,说明spend动作与现在有关,应用现在完成时,应填has spent。题中的in the past指的是过去的时间,谓语动词应用一般过去时,应填spent。【过关检测】1.(2018全国卷

6、)True to a gorillas unaggressive nature,the huge animal _(mean)me no real harm.He was just saying:“Im king of this forest,and here is your reminder!”2.(2018浙江11月高考)You probably _(use)caffeine since childhood.meanthave used/havebeen using3.(2018北京高考)Chinas high-speed railways _(grow)from 9,000 to 25,

7、000 kilometers in the past few years.4.I made my first visit to China in 2008 and last year,I _(be)lucky enough to take part in an event called“Shanxi in the eyes of foreigners.”havegrownwas5.He looked around at all the faces:he had the impression that he _(see)most of the guests before.had seen策略02

8、 明确时态选择的逻辑依据1.【解析】were invited。考查时态与语态。根据时间状语On the last day of our week-long stay可知,此处应用一般过去时;且根据空格后的to attend可知此处主语we与invite之间为被动关系,构成sb.be invited to do sth.结构,故填were invited。2.【解析】sells。根据句意可知,sell在此表示事物所具有的特征,应用主动形式。【策略点金】牢记几种常考时态的被动语态构成常见时态被动一般现在时am/is/are done现在完成时have/has been done现在进行时am/is

9、/are being done一般过去时was/were done常见时态被动过去完成时had been done过去进行时was/were being done一般将来时will be done过去将来时would be done【易错警示】注意英汉区别,正确选用语态The books which were written by Zhou Meisen,a famous writer in Jiangsu,_(sell)well.(变式)The books which were written by Zhou Meisen,a famous writer in Jiangsu,_(sell)

10、out here.【剖析】题中的sell表示的是主语books的某种属性,意为“卖得好,畅销”,表示状态,应用主动语态,填sell;题中的sell强调动作,指的是书“已经卖完了”,应用现在完成时的被动语态,填have been sold。【过关检测】1.(2018浙江6月高考)I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I _(shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.was shocked2.(2018天津高考)My wa

11、shing machine _(repair)this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3.If your experience of the above is zero,you _(see)as being behind the times.is beingrepairedwill beseen4.The importance of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures,and it _(reflect)in peoples life,beliefs and ideology

12、.5.The elephants realistic appearance is,at least partially,due to the fact that the cliff _(consist)of a special rock.is reflectedconsists策略03 熟练运用主谓一致的原则1.【解析】are。主语为six,表示六个子群,谓语动词应用复数;结合前一句 three are declining 可知应用一般现在时。2.【解析】enjoys。分析句子结构可知,enjoy在句中作谓语,主语是not only the students but also the teac

13、her,根据就近一致原则,enjoy应与the teacher主谓一致,应用单数形式。3.【解析】were trapped。分析句子结构可知,trap在句中作谓语,主语是the family,在此指的是一家人,根据意义一致原则,应用复数形式。【策略点金】一、明晰主谓一致三原则中的常考点1.可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数;可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。2.就近一致原则由neither.nor.,either.or.,not only.but also.,or等连接并列主语时,谓语要和位置上最近的主语保持一致。3.就远原则主语后跟有with,together with,as

14、well as,like,but,except,along with,rather than,including,in addition to等引导的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语一致。4.集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数形式;看作个体时,谓语用复数形式。5.非谓语动词、从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数形式。二、掌握常考的三种特殊情况1.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,表示复数意义。2.“half/most/the rest/the remaining/one third of+名词”作主语时,若这个结构中的名词为复数,则谓语用复数形式;若这个结构

15、中的名词为单数或不可数名词,则谓语用单数形式。3.all,the remaining,the rest,what,who,some,most等作主语时,谓语动词的数根据它们的实际意义而定。【易错警示】分析句子结构,避免误判主语It is reported that three ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be)very effective.It is reported that finding ways to grow more trees in the desert _his life goal.【剖析】题中的主语是three ways,主

16、语是复数,谓语动词应用复数,应填are;题中主语是finding ways to grow more trees in the desert是动名词作主语,谓语动词应用单数,应填is。【过关检测】1.(2018全国卷)While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it _(be)more effectiveat lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.is2.(2017全国卷)Fast food _(be)full of fat and salt;

17、by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.3.(2017天津高考改编)Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,_(regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.isis regarded4.(2017浙江11月高考)This isnt as hard as it _(sound),and it is far better than any other method.5.The word comes from the French language,and _(be)based on the Italian word“balletto”.6.So far China _(open)465 Confucius Institutes in 123 countries and regions.soundsishas opened