2021高二英语寒假作业同步练习题 过去分词作定语2(含解析).doc
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1、过去分词作定语21He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a _ (慷慨的) contribution to help the community.(根据汉语意思填空)【答案】generous【详解】考查形容词。句意:他从叔父那里继承的钱并没有自私地留给自己。相反,他做出了慷慨的贡献来帮助社区。“慷慨的”译为generous,空后contribution为名词,应用形容词修饰,故填generous。220 percent of boys favor the
2、career of being a _(律师) and another 20 percent want to do business. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】lawyer【详解】考查名词。句意:20%的男孩喜欢做律师的职业,另有20%的男孩想做生意。lawyer“律师”,可数名词,由不定冠词修饰,用单数,故填lawyer。3Perseverance is a kind of _(品质)and thats what it takes to do anything well. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】quality【详解】考查名词。句意:毅力是一种品质,这是做好任何事情需要做的。分析句子
3、可知,空中的词作介词of的宾语,应用名词,故填quality。4They_(请求)us not to punish him. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】begged【详解】考查动词以及时态。句意:他们请求我们不要惩罚他。主语后缺少谓语动词,请求是beg,描述的是过去的事情故用一般过去时。故填begged。5Tsinghua University, _(建立)in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】founded【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:清华大学创建于1911年,是一大批杰出人才的故乡
4、。“建立”译为found,主语Tsinghua University与found之间存在被动关系,时间状语为in 1911,已完成。应用过去分词形式表被动完成,故填founded。6Its understandable, but if youre_ (愿意)to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.(根据汉语意思填空)【答案】willing【详解】考查形容词。句意:这是可以理解的,但如果你愿意在一段关系中再次建立信任,我们有一些步骤可以让你达到那个目标。根据汉
5、语意思“愿意”以及上文youre,可知应填形容词willing,作表语。故填willing。7They succeeded in _ (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】escaping【详解】考查动名词。句意:他们成功地从燃烧的大楼里逃了出来,破门而入。 介词后接动名词作宾语,故填escaping。8The government _ (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.(根据汉语意思填空)【答案】rewarded【详解】考查动词时态。
6、句意:他因救了井里的老人而受到政府嘉奖。根据汉语意思“奖赏”可知应填动词reward,作谓语,且结合语境可知应用一般过去时。故填rewarded。9China won the bid for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games because it got the most_(投票). (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】votes【详解】考查名词的数。句意:中国赢得了2022年冬奥会的主办权,因为它获得了最多的选票。根据汉语意思“投票”可知应填名词vote,且由 the most修饰可知此处应用复数形式。故填votes。10We reached the _ (阶段) wher
7、e wed given up any hope of curing her cat. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】stage【详解】考查名词。句意:我们到达了这个阶段,在这个阶段我们已经放弃了治愈她的猫的任何希望。reach为及物动词,后接名词stage“阶段、舞台”作宾语。故填stage。语法专题(过去分词作定语)注意:1. 单个分词也可以作后置定语,用以强调动作。例如:Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他们决定更换使用的材料。2. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时,
8、即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如:Isthereanythingunsolved?还有没解决的问题吗?ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自从我离开这个城镇以来,几乎没有什么变化。3. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词,常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词,放在其修饰的名词前,作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体,所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如:Thisisastate-ownedfactory.这是一家国营工厂。Thisisourschool-runfactory.这是我们的校办工
9、厂。4. v-ed和v-ing作定语的区别therisensun升起了的太阳 therisingsun正在升起的太阳developedcountries发达国家 developingcountries发展中国家boiledwater开水 boilingwater正沸腾的水fallenleaves落叶 fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子icedbeer冰冻啤酒 spokenEnglish英语口语Thebuildingbuilt(build) lastyearisourlibrary.Beingbuilt(build)nowwillbeourlibraryTobebuilt(build) n
10、extyearwilbeourlibrary.5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例如:原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词drinkdrunkendrunklightlightedlight/litmeltmeltedmeltedsinksunkensunkWelitthecandleandthecandlelituptheroom.我们点着蜡烛,蜡烛照亮房间。Thereisalightedcandleonthetable.桌上有一支点着的蜡烛。练习:11The tracks belongs to a similar creature
11、, _(call) Bigfoot, which lives in the forest of the north-west of the USA(用单词适当形式填空)【答案】called【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些脚印属于一种类似的生物大脚怪,它们生活在美国西北部的森林里。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词belongs,且前后句之间没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词creature,动词call与creature之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。12The Great Wall _(build) by ancient Chine
12、se people is regarded as one of the few wonders of the world. (用单词适当形式填空)【答案】built【详解】考查过去分词做定语。句意:由中国古代人民建造的长城被认为是世界上少数的奇迹之一。根据The Great Wall与build之间是被动关系,可知此处要用过去分词做定语。故填built。13Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially_(design)to help them succeed academically and personally.
13、(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】designed【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意:大多数大学现在为一年级学生提供一门专门设计的课程,帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。分析句子结构可知,course 和design之间是被动关系,故用过去分词形式。故填designed。14The project _(design) to help the students proved successful. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】designed【详解】考查过去分词短语作定语。句意:为帮助学生而设计的项目证明是成功的。分析句子结构可知,_ (design) to help the students作
14、后置定语,修饰the project,所给词汇“design(设计)”与所修饰的词“the project(项目)”之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式,故填designed。15It is amazing that he fell in love with the girl_(dress)in a red skirt at the first sight(用单词的适当形式完成句子)【答案】dressed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他对那个穿红色衣服的女孩一见钟情,真是令人惊讶。此处应使用非谓语形式,动词dress和逻辑主语the girl之间是动宾关系,所以填过去分词作后置定语。故填dre
15、ssed。16St.Andrews Academy,_(locate)on Lake Almanor, is surrounded by natural beauty as far as the eye can see. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】located【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:圣安德鲁学院,坐落在阿尔曼诺湖畔,被目之所及的自然美景包围。谓语动词是is surrounded,故locate用非谓语动词形式,locate与逻辑主语St.Andrews Academy是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,故填located。17The room_(refer) to as an off
16、ice room is jus t a bedroom. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】referred【详解】考查过去分词。句意:被称为办公室的房间只是一间卧室。分析句子结构可知,空处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词the room,空处动词refer与名词the room之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词referred作后置定语。故填referred。18Have you read any short stories_(translate)by Lu Xun?(用单词的适当形式完成句子)【答案】translated【详解】考查过去分词。句意:你读过鲁迅翻译的短篇小说吗? 句中已有谓语动词
17、,此处用非谓语。short stories和translate是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填translated。19During the show, users can shake their phones to win a prize _ (sponsor) by the company. (用所给单词正确形式填空)【答案】sponsored【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在展览期间,用户可以摇动手机以赢得公司赞助的奖品。分析句子结构可知,该句子的谓语动词是can shake,因此sponsor应该作为非谓语动词来使用,prize承受sponsor的动作,因此此处需要填入sponsor的过
18、去分词作后置定语来修饰prize。故填sponsored。20Every year, over 8 million deaths are caused by tobacco, among which around 1.2 million are non-smokers _ (expose) to secondhand smoke. (用所给单词正确形式填空)【答案】exposed【详解】考查过去分词。句意:每年有超过800万人死于烟草,其中约有120万人是暴露于二手烟之下的非吸烟者。分析句子结构可知,该句子中使用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句,在从句中使用了全部倒装的语序,即在“arou
19、nd 1.2 million”之后是谓语动词are,其后是从句的主语non-smokers。此处是固定短语“be exposed to(暴露于之下)”的运用,由前面的分析可知,从句已经有谓语动词,因此这里要使用过去分词exposed作后置定语来修饰non-smokers。故填exposed。完形填空The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi (印地) culture with you. Today Im hoping to paint a better picture of 21 it means to give i
20、n Hindi and how their generosity (慷慨) differs from 22 of Western culture. I was 23 when we learned the word “thank you” doesnt really exist in Hindi. In the mountains, it is 24 used, and people often seemed 25 when we tried to thank them. They 26 either turn their heads, or shake their hands at us.W
21、hen we asked our Indian friends why this is so, they 27 that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a 28 of “changing hands “than an act of generosity. In their eyes, the foods they would give us were 29 really “theirs”. They see them as something passed along to t
22、hem and now they are 30 passing them along to us.The villagers were eager to 31 their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. 32 , people in the U. S. tend to 33 old, used, or unwanted things 34 their treasured ones. 35 , during a coffee break, a friend told me about how he donated his 36 clothes and
23、shoes -just for the 37 of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is 38 Westerners can certainly do. We can practice 39 giving away the things we value most-not only actual physical possessions, but also perhaps even more 40 ,our time and attention.21AhowBwhenCwhyDwhat22AthatBoneCitDboth23Aa
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