河北省张家口市第一中学高一英语精品学案：时态语法 （新人教版必修1）.doc

1、E现在进行时现在进行时主要表示说话人的说话时刻正在进行的动作、不断重复的动作或目前这个阶段(不一定是说话时刻)正在进行的动作。如： Werehavingameeting.我们在开会。(说话时正在进行的动作) Bequiet!Thebabyissleeping.安静，孩子在睡觉。 Heisteachinginamiddleschool.他在一所中学教书。(目前阶段在进行的动作) 现在进行时表示感情色彩现在进行时有时可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，通常与always,forever,constantly,continually等副词连用。如： Shesalwayshelpingpeople

2、.她老是帮助别人。(表赞扬) Theboyisconstantlylying.这孩子老是撒谎。(表示厌恶) 现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come,go,arrive,leave,start,return,stay,meet,get等。（1）用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作，通常带一个表示将来的时间状语，但是如果有明确的上下文时，无需指出时间。 Im flying to Hong Kong tomorrow.Imleavingtomorrow.Theyregettingmarriednextmonth.（2）现在进行时也可用在时间和

3、条件从句中表示未来情况：You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train.你等火车时可以看看书。Suppose its still raining tomorrow, shall we go?假定明天还在下雨，我们要去吗？（3）现在进行时偶尔可以表示较远的将来要做的事情。When I grow up, Im joining the army. 我长大了要参军。( 4 ) 现在进行时表示将来时含有“决心”的意思，多用于否定结构中。 Im not going. 我不走了。 Im not waiting any longer. 我

4、不再等下去了。现在进行时与一般现在时均可表示将来，区别是：现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况。如： Imnotgoingoutthisevening.今晚我不准备出去。 The train leaves at 9:30. The programme begins at 10.E将来进行时 表示将来某时将正在进行的动作：Next Wednesday well be flying to Sydney.下星期三我们将飞往悉尼。This time tomorrow well be sitting

5、 in the cinema and watching a film.明天这时我们会坐在电影院看电影。 这个时态还可表示安排要做的事或预计会发生的事：Hell be taking his exam next week.他下星期考试。E过去进行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行，过去时间可以由一个状语表示出来：What were you doing when I rang you up?我给你打电话的时候你在干什么？At that moment, I wasnt doing anything.那会儿我什么都没干。 有时候时间由上下文表示出来：Jane was in town. She was

6、doing some shopping.简在城里，在买东西。Someone was following her. She was scared.有人跟着她，她很害怕。 这个时态可以用在状语从句中：I got to know her when I was working in a drugstore.我在药房工作时认识了她。E现在完成进行时 表示一个持续到现在的动作（这动作可能刚停止，也可能还在进行）：Ive been waiting(for) an hour and he still hasnt turned up.我等了一个钟头，他还没来。Your fingers are brown. Yo

7、uve been smoking too much.你手指都黄了，你抽烟提多。这个时态常和how long, long这类状语一起用：How long have you been wearing glasses?你戴眼镜有多少年头了？Shes been expecting a long distance call all night long.她等长途电话等了一夜了。还可以和since及for 引导的状语一起用： They have been quarrelling ever since they got married.自结婚以来他们一直争吵不休。 It has been raining f

8、or two hours now.雨已经下了两个小时了在不少情况下这个动作和现在状态有联系：She has been shopping the whole afternoon. Arent you tired? Youve been standing for two hours.你不累吗？你站了两个钟头了。现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较这两个时态的主要差别是，现在完成时表示动作已完成，而完成进行时却不一定如此：Ive made a cake.我做了一个蛋糕。（已做好）Ive been making a cake.我一直在做蛋糕。（不一定做好了）Theyve built a bridge.他们

9、建了一座桥。（已建好）Theyve been building a bridge.他们一直在建一座桥。（可能还在建）E典例剖析% 对现在进行时的考查Have you got any job offers? No. I_.A. waitedB. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting【解析】答案为D。句意：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我在等呢。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_.A. takes o

10、ff B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off【解析】答案为B。现在进行时可用来表示按计划或安排要进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。这种用法比较生动，给人一种期待感。根据所提供的情景“Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts.”可判断出飞机马上要起飞了。Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People_ to ask how I am going to spend the money.A.

11、 phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 【解析】答案为D。句意：自从我赢了大奖，人们不停地打电话来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。此处的are phoning表示“不停的打电话”。% 对过去进行时的考查 I called Hannah many times yesterday evening，but I couldnt get through. Her brother _on the phone all the time!A. was talkingB. has been talkingC. has talkedD. talked【解析】答

12、案为A。句意：昨天晚上我给汉娜打过很多次电话，就是打不通。她的哥哥一直在电话上说个不停。此处用过去进行时态表示过去某一时间段内一直在进行的动作。The telephone _, but by the time I got indoor, it stopped. A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung【解析】答案为B。由句意“电话响着，但我进入室内时停了。”可知，该题表达的时间与过去有关，而与现在无关。由此，排除C、D两项。而如果选A项，则与后面“it stopped”在逻辑上存在错误。I along the street looking

13、for a place to park when the accident .A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred【解析】答案为C。occur动作在go along“沿着（街）走”动作进行中发生的，所以主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。句中的“when”表示“这时”是解题的关键。句意：我正沿街走着，想找一个地方泊车，这时，事故发生了。It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.Oh, d

14、ont mention it. I _past your house anyway.（2007北京卷）A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come【解析】答案为A。根据题干：“搭车回家”是已经发生的事，排除B和D项。根据句意“不管怎么说，我反正要路过你家”故选was coming表示过去将要。% 对进来进行时的考查Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you?Why that early? I _ .A. will be sleepingB. have sleptC. have been sleep

15、ing D. will sleep【解析】答案为A。 根据上文的表示将来的具体时间“at six tomorrow morning”应该用进来进行时。Could you meet me at the airport?Id like to, but Im afraid I a very important meeting when you return.A. will have attended B. was attending C. am attending D. will be attending【解析】答案为D。你返回的那个时候，我将在参加一个重要会议。% 对过去进行时的考查Hey, lo

16、ok where you are going!Oh, Im terribly sorry._.A. Im not noticing. B. I wasnt noticing. C. I havent noticed. D. I dont notice.【解析】非常容易误选C。其实答案为B。因为对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时。He _a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _it.A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finishedC. wa

17、s writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish【解析】非常容易误选A。其实答案为B。从“I dont know if he has finished it”推断，他去年一直在写，应该用过去进行时。% 对现在完成进行时的考查Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparingD. has been preparing【解析

18、】答案为D。由句中“for months”与“will”可知，“prepare”的动作应发生在过去而且到目前还在继续，故用现在完成进行时。I have got a headache.No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked【解析】答案为C。句意：你在电脑前工作的时间太长。动作从过去开始。一直延续到现在，可能还会延续下去，所以应用现在完成进行时。I wont tell the student the answer to the m

19、ath problem until he _on it for more than an hour.A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked【解析】答案为A。根据后面“for more than an hour”可知动作持续一段时间而且一直在进行，until表明这是一个时间状语从句，句中用现在完成进行时表示将来完成进行。句意：直到这个学生做这道数学题做了一个多小时以后，我才会告诉他答案。Hi, Tracy, you look tired.I am tired. I_ the living room all day.A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 【解析】答案为C。强调动作从过去到现在的延续，可能还将继续下去。