2021高考英语一轮复习练习39 语法填空 阅读理解（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、39语法填空阅读理解.语法填空2020牡丹江一中月考186词What exactly are social media? Social media are defined as webbased, mobile media that can _1_ (use) to connect with each other.There are several types of social media. The first type involves people getting together to work on a project. Wikipedia (维基百科) is _2_ example

2、 of this type of social media. There are other types that allow people _3_ (share) content such as pictures and articles. Another type of social media is websites like Second Life, _4_ people can create objects, as if they _5_ (be) in the real world. The final type is social networking sites that ca

3、n make people stay in touch with _6_ (friend)Social media are different from _7_ (tradition) media. In the past, media were created in one place, _8_ (normal) a company. Then the company would send out the media, like newspapers and magazines, to consumers. But _9_ social media, many individuals in

4、different locations can create content. In addition, a few minutes are spent _10_ (write) a twitter post today, while it would take many months to edit a magazine in the past.阅读理解A2019全国卷说明文325词Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26

5、 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 025 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described

6、the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the mo

7、nkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher value

8、s more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the

9、two were close in valuesometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there i

10、s a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，” Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”1What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?AThey fed them. BThey named them.CThey trained the

11、m. DThey measured them.2How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?ABy drawing a circle. BBy touching a screen.CBy watching videos. DBy mixing two drinks.3What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys?AThey could perform basic addition. BThey could understand simple words.CThey could

12、 memorize numbers easily. DThey could hold their attention for long.4In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment. BHealth. CEducation. DScience.B2020湖北七校联考议论文325词Public transport is declining in the rich world. To those who have to squeeze onto the number 25 bus in London, or

13、 the a train in New York, the change might not be noticeable. But public transport is becoming less busy in those places, and passenger numbers are flat or falling in almost every American city. That is despite healthy growth in urban populations and employment.Although transport agencies blame thei

14、r unpopularity on things like roadworks and broken signals, it seems more likely that they are being outcompeted. Appbased taxi services like Uber and Lyft are more comfortable and convenient than trains or buses. Cycling is nicer than it was, and rental bikes are more widely available. Cars are che

15、ap to buy, thanks to cutrate loans, and ever cheaper to run. Online shopping, home working and officesharing mean more people can avoid travelling altogether.The competition is only likely to grow. More than one laboratory is developing new transport technologies and applications. Silicon Valley inv

16、ented Uber and, more recently, apps that let people rent electric scooters (滑板车) and then abandon them on the pavement. China created sharingbicycles and batterypowered “ebikes”， both of which are spreading.Transport agencies should accept the upstarts, and copy them. Cities tend either to ignore ap

17、pbased services or to try to push them off the streets. That is understandable, given the rulesareforlosers attitude of firms like Uber. But it is an error.It is doubtful that most people make hard distinctions between public and private transport. They just want to get somewhere, and there is a cos

18、t in time, money and comfort. An ideal system would let them move across a city for a single payment, transferring from trains to taxis to bicycles as needed. Building a platform to allow that is hard, and requires much sweettalking of traditional networks as well as technology firms. It is probably

19、 the secret to keeping cities moving.5What is the change in public transport in big cities?AIt is becoming busier. BIt is getting less popular.CThere are fewer traffic delays. DThere is more new transport.6In the authors opinion, the reason for the decline of public transport is that _.Athere are ro

20、adworks and broken signalsBpeople are becoming healthier and employedCcars and bikes are more and more availableDtransport agencies are seemingly less competitive7How does the author develop his idea in Paragraph 3?A.By giving examples BBy providing research resultsC.By stating arguments DBy compari

21、ng different approaches8According to the text, the key to keeping cities moving is _.Ato develop an ideal system that satisfies everyoneBto build a platform that appeals to transport agenciesCto provide people with more means of transportationDto cater for both traditional networks and technology fi

22、rms答题策略语法填空名词名词题的解题步骤例题Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_ (attract)2016全国卷步骤根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)结合句意确定选择何种名词形式确定名词的数答案attraction 所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用

23、其名词形式。结合句意，应填attraction练习39语法填空阅读理解.语法填空1答案与解析：be used关系代词that指的是先行词mobile media，它与use之间存在被动关系；应用被动语态。有情态动词can，故填be used。2答案与解析：an维基百科就是一个这种类型的社交媒体的范例。表示泛指“一个的例子”，故用不定冠词修饰example。由于example是以元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。3答案与解析：to shareallow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，为习惯用法，故填to share。4答案与解析：where先行词websites表示一个抽象地点，

24、关系词在从句中作地点状语，定语从句应该用关系副词where引导。5答案与解析：wereas if从句叙述的与现在事实相反，应使用虚拟语气，be动词一律用were。6答案与解析：friends根据句意和常识可知，朋友有许多，故填其复数形式friends。7答案与解析：traditional修饰名词media作定语，应用其形容词形式traditional。8答案与解析：normallya company是一个省略结构，补全为media were created in a company。此处需要所填词作状语，修饰“in a company”，故填normally“通常地”。9答案与解析：for表示

25、“对于”，介词用for。10答案与解析：writing此处是一个固定句型：spend time (in) doing sth.文中使用了这个句型的被动形式，故填writing。.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为自然科学研究成果。科学家对猴子进行测试后发现猴子有一定的数字计算能力。本文侧重培养学生的语言能力。1答案与解析：C细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究人员在对猴子进行测试之前对它们做了什么？根据题干中的before testing them以及第二段第二句中的The researchers then tested how the monkeys com

26、bined定位至第二段，再根据第一句中的A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys可知答案为C项。A：他们给它们喂食；B：他们给它们起名字；D：他们测量它们。2答案与解析：B细节理解题。本题题干意为：在实验中，猴子们如何得到奖励？根据题干中的reward定位至第三段的后半部分。根据第三段最后一句If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice.可知答案为B项。A：通过画一

27、个圆圈；C：通过观看视频；D：通过将两种饮料混合。3答案与解析：A推理判断题。本题题干意为：Livingstone的团队从对猴子的研究中发现了什么？根据第四段中the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation可知，答案为A项(它们可以做基本的加法)。B：它们可以理解简单的文字；C：它们可以轻松地记住数字；D：它们可以长时间保持注意力。4答案与解析：D推理判断题。本篇文章出现了研究人员(researchers)、

28、实验(experiment)、实验结果(the results of the experiment)等关键词，向读者展示了自然科学研究成果，因此本篇文章在报纸中应放在科学版块，故答案为D项。A：娱乐；B：健康；C：教育。B5答案与解析：B根据文章第一句“Public transport it declining in the rich world.”以及后边对这一现象的进一步评论可知，公共交通在发达城市正在被大众冷落。B项正确。6答案与解析：D根据第二段中的“it seems more likely that they are being outcompeted”以及后边公共交通与出租车舒适性

29、和便捷性方面的对比可知，公共交通被人冷落的原因是竞争性差。D项正确。7答案与解析：A第三段第一句“The competition is only likely to grow.”提出论点，后边举了Uber和中国的共享单车和电动车为例进行论述。因此，本段是举例来开展论述的。A项正确。8答案与解析：D根据最后一段中的“Building a platform to allow that is hard, and requires much sweetwalking of traditional networks as well as technology firms.”可知，结合适宜的传统路行网络和科技公司，迎合人们的需要才是推动城市交通的秘诀。D项正确。