2022版新教材英语人教版选择性必修第三册基础训练：UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SECTION Ⅲ USING LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.docx

1、课时评价作业基础达标练. 单句语法填空1.（2020天津）loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes2.At first, he refused to admit his mistake, but he ended up apologizing （apologize） to us.3.A room inspection （inspect） will take place and you will be responsible for payment for an

2、y damage or missing items.4.So far, power has been restored （restore） in most parts that were hit by high winds last night.5.Energy conservation （conserve） and environmental protection are not only the responsibility of companies but also the duty of every citizen.6.Humans have limited tolerance （to

3、lerate） to noise.7.She was fined （fine）300 and banned from driving for one month.8.Favorable policies are in effect in order to encourage employees professional development.9.Call me if you have any problems regarding （regard） your work.10.Because of the high cost of disposing （disposal） of these th

4、ings in landfills, many city governments now have recycling programs. 同义替换tolerate; dozens of; conservation; garbage; in effect; contribute to; address; regard1.She has said nothing about your request. regarding 2.Medical negligence was said to have led to her death. contributed to 3.A number of peo

5、ple have been injured and many vehicles set on fire. Dozens of 4.Your essay does not solve the real issues. address 5.Can you take out the rubbish when you go? garbage 6.Wildlife protection has been a hot topic in recent years. conservation 7.There is a limit to what one person can stand. tolerate 8

6、.In fact, his wife has run the company for the past six months. In effect . 完成句子1.人们认为老字号应该受到保护。（it作形式主语） It is believed that time-honored brands should be preserved.2.随着暑假的临近，每个人似乎都在忙着做假期计划。（with复合结构） With the summer holidays approaching , it seems that everybody is busy making holiday plans.3.6G的速

7、度将超过每秒125GB，使得新一代的虚拟现实技术成为可能。（非谓语动词作状语）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality.4.这是会上提出的一些问题, 其中大部分是关于教育和健康的。（介词+关系代词）Here are some problems put up at the meeting, most of which are about education and health .5.当你受邀到朋友家做客时, 请尽量表现得体。（状语从句的省略）Please try

8、to behave yourself when invited to a friends home .素养综合练. 阅读理解（2020课标全国）The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city

9、 experienced less crime. In another, employees were shownto be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further-changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perfo

10、rm diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every d

11、ay,”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（发光）in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the

12、amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that

13、 would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch”where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源）such as the dist

14、ance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees f

15、rom various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers？A.To detect plants lack of water.B.To change compositions of plants.C.To make the life of plants longer.D.To test chemicals in plants.3.What can we expect of the glowing

16、 plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do we l

17、ive with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free?答案：1.D解析：1. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绿色植物对人类社会的积极作用以及新开发的植物的不寻常的功能，重点介绍了发光植物对生活照明的影响。【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“A study conducteddecorated with houseplants.”可知, 在俄亥俄州进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工

18、工作的场所有植物时，他们的工作效率会提高15%，由此可知，第一段主要说的是绿色植物的益处。故选D。答案：2.A解析： 2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段第二句“These include plantsshort of water”可知，叶子上的传感器是用来显示植物什么时候缺水的。答案：3.C解析： 3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句“The technology,self-powered street lamps.”可知，新技术能够让植物为房间提供照明。又根据最后一段最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distan

19、ce and therefore help save energy.”可知，发光植物可以避免远距离输电带来的损耗，从而节省能源。答案：4.C 解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】本文在介绍植物积极作用的过程中重点介绍了发光植物对生活照明的影响，预测发光植物有可能取代灯，达到节约能源的效果。故C项最适合做文章标题。深度解析词汇积累1. crime n.罪；罪行 2. function n.功能 3. engineer v.设计制造；改变的基因（或遗传）结构 4. latest adj.最新的；最近的 5. faint adj.微弱的 6. one-off adj.一次性的 7. acc

20、ount for是的说明或原因；解释；（数量上、比例上）占 8. remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的难句分析原句：In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime. 未来，这个团队希望开发一次性喷雾的技术，对叶子进行处理，使它在生命周期内持续地发光。分析：这是一个主从复合句。the team hopes to de

21、velop a version of the technology为主句，第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词technology，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词treatment。. 七选五（2020山东省实验中学高二检测）The increasing environmental problems and the need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs. 1 It is expected that by 2025 about 25%

22、 of the jobs in developed countries will be green-collar jobs. Doesnt the data look promising for the future? 2 And the jobs will pop up at every income level, from environmental managers to gardeners. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have an

23、negative effect on the environment which can later become a serious danger to mankind. 3 The increasing demand for new resources has created the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demand for environme

24、nt-friendly equipment, both green product designers and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers. 4 The Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different k

25、inds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. 5 A.Where can you find green-collar jobs?B.People who take green careers will be wel

26、l paid.C.Forget the blue-collar and white-collar categories.D.Green-collar jobs have become a bright career chance for all.E.People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of green-collar jobs.F.As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a bett

27、er way.G.Many countries of the world have realized the importance and need for energy-saving products and services.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案：1.G解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保事业的未来是光明的，开发新的资源可能创造绿领工作。空前提到环保问题及相关环保行业的兴起，空后提到预计到2025年发达国家大约有25%的工作将会是绿领工作，说明世界上已有很多国家意识到了节能的重要性，并认识到环保行业的必要性。此处体现的是顺承关系，故选G。products an

28、d services 为线索。答案：2.D解析：2.此空位于句首，属于段落主题句。本段通过列举一些工作机会说明了绿领工作有前途，D项符合文意。答案：3.F解析：3.前面提到许多国家包括美国已经意识到化石燃料对环境有负面影响，后文提到对资源的需求。因此，这里应承上启下，说明由于上面的情况，人们正在探索可替代资源，故选F。答案：4.A解析：4.后文讲述互联网无疑是最好的办法，几乎可以找到任何事的信息。因此前面应是问句，问在哪里可以找到绿领工作。故选A。答案：5.E解析：5.本段讲的是在哪里可以找到绿领工作，一方面可以在互联网上找，另一方面讲述的是经常看报的人也可以找到各种绿领工作，故选E。深度解析

29、词汇积累1. promising adj.有希望的；有前途的 2. pop up突然出现 3. demand n.要求；所需之物 4. ongoing adj.持续存在的；不断发展的. 语法填空Climate change is a fairly clear and easy term. When a location experiences changes in its climate over a period of time, we can 1 （technical） say that climate change has occurred. More often the phrase

30、“climate change” 2 （use） synonymously （同义地） with the 3 （term） “global warming” and “greenhouse effect” to describe the warmer temperatures.Its 4 （frighten） to think about the results of climate change. Rapid rainfall can be a factor in rising sea levels and floods, while increased temperatures and w

31、inds can cause droughts, both of 5 can wipe out crops, destroy properties and lead to famine.With most experts 6 （agree） that climate change and global warming have already begun, there is no better time 7 （take） action to prevent these processes.To do this, one of the most important steps we can ta

32、ke is to reduce the amounts of man-made gas we send into the atmosphere.Climate change is 8 unfortunate by-product （副产品） of our modern lives, but 9 is not unavoidable. Becoming aware 10 our own energy use and how we contribute to global warming and the greenhouse effect is our first step towards fig

33、hting against climate change.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.technically 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变暖及我们可以采取的应对措施。考查副词。空处修饰动词say, 故用副词形式。答案：2.is used 解析：2.考查动词时态、语态、主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处use作谓语，the phrase与use之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，且结合上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填is used。答案：3.terms 解析：3.考查名词复数。term指代下文提到的“global warming”

34、和“greenhouse effect”，故用复数形式。答案：4.frightening 解析：4.考查形容词。此处考查it is+adj.+to do句型结构，想想气候变化的结果是令人害怕的。故填frightening。答案：5.which 解析：5.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，前面提到的均为物，故填which。答案：6.agreeing 解析：6.考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构，agree作宾语补足语，experts与agree之间为主动关系，故填agreeing。答案：7.to take 解析：7.考查非谓语动词。there

35、is no better time （for sb.） to do sth. 表示“没有更好的时机去做某事了”。答案：8.an 解析：8.考查冠词。此处表示气候变化是我们现代生活的一个副产品，表泛指，且unfortunate的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。答案：9.it 解析：9.考查代词。此处指代上文提到的climate change，故填it。答案：10.of 解析：10.考查介词。be/become aware of表示“意识到”。. 应用文写作1.假定你是晨光中学的李津。你校的英文社团正在举办主题为“How can we reduce garbage pollution?”的征文活动。

36、请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文进行投稿。1. 介绍垃圾污染的现状；2. 提出减少垃圾污染的措施；3. 谈谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。How can we reduce garbage pollution?解析：写作指导体裁议论文时态一般现在时人称以第一人称为主要点1. 垃圾污染的现状；2. 减少垃圾污染的措施, 如垃圾分类等；3. 自己的看法。答案：One possible version:How can we reduce garbage pollution?The problem of garbage pollution is

37、 getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage.To solve the problem of garbage pollution, we are supposed to take some effective measures. First, we should sort garbage properly so that it can be treated easily. Besides, reusable garbage should be recycled.

38、In my opinion, only if we work together to reduce garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautiful world for future generations.高级短语及句式1. be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 2. take effective measures采取有效措施 3. sort v.把分类；整理4. In my opinion, only if we work together to reduce garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautiful world for future generations. 我认为，只有我们共同努力减少垃圾污染，我们才能生活在一个更好的环境中，并为子孙后代留下一个更美好的世界。（此句为倒装句）