2022版新教材高中英语 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language提升训练（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第二册.docx

1、Part 2Learning About Language &Using Language基础过关练.单词拼写1.Mr. Johnson, whats your (见解) on the question put forward at the meeting?2.The police cant charge the suspect for lack of (具体的) evidence.3.In the 1960s, a German scientist made a remarkable (调查发现) when observing honeybees.4.So far our governmen

2、t has taken a series of measures to prevent the (病毒) from spreading.5.The(最初的) movie about Hua Mulan was made in 1998 and her story inspired millions of children worldwide.6.The bridge over the sea which was built last year has a steel (框架).7.Now the experts are devoted to the research on the (疫苗).8

3、.When the sun is low, the grand building will cast a long s over the ground. 9.At the high-level meeting, our chairman encouraged the people, saying “after the storm comes the r.”10.As is known to all, water exists in three forms: s, liquid and gas. .选词填空be linked to;make sense;carry out;rather than

4、;care about;in the first place;get down to1.With the election out of the way(结束), the government can business.2.Britain the rest of Europe by the Channel Tunnel.3.Planning so far ahead doesnt so many things will have changed by the end of next year.4.Armed with the new GNSS(全球导航卫星系统), theyre able to

5、 their plans to help people.5.To master a foreign language, we should have a large vocabulary .6.In my opinion, you shouldnt your appearance too much.7.Its better to express your anger, bottle it up(压抑).单句语法填空1.(initial), the system worked well, but then we met some challenges.2.The priceless treasu

6、res (cast) into the Nile during the war many years ago.3.As a sports fan, I (subscribe) to several sports channels on TV last year.4.The businessmen who were in trouble called for the government (intervene) to save the steel industry.5.As a matter of fact, you shouldnt blame others your failure.6.As

7、 far as Im concerned, it was this event that (transform) my life.7.Being a country with (multiply) cultures, China attracts many international students.8.It is the innovative activities between classes strengthen the students body and ease their anxiety. .完成句子1.16世纪菠萝在欧洲很罕见的原因是它们不能在那里生长。 pineapples

8、were rare in Europe in the 16th century was they couldnt grow there.2.让苹果粉丝们兴奋的是在这次的线上活动中苹果公司发布了一系列新产品。What made the Apple fans excited Apple Inc. unveiled a range of new products during this online event.3.问题就是快递包装的绿色治理是否能够尽快执行。 the green governance of express packaging can be carried out as quickl

9、y as possible.4.这位老师不能理解的是对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。 fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.5.在第七次全国人口普查中,是普查人员挨家挨户登记的信息。In the seventh national population census, census takers went door to door to have information registered.能力提升练.阅读理解(2020黑龙江鹤岗一中高二期末,)Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronom

10、er, biologist, artist.Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the most outstanding experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect Christopher Wren.Hookes early education began at

11、home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School at the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came into contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skill at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, at the age o

12、f 28, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of Londonmeaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the societys weekly meeting. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!Watching living things thro

13、ugh a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes. He invented a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork (软木塞) under a microscope, he saw honeycomb-like structures. They were cellsthe smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the box-

14、like cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery (修道院).Another achievement of Hookes was his book Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the microscope. The book also includes, among other th

15、ings, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theoretical frameworks on these phenomena.Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy too. A crater (火山口) on the moon is named after him in honour of his service to t

16、his branch of science.1.Why did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?A.Because he liked designing experiments.B.Because his family needed his support.C.Because his parents couldnt afford his education.D.Because he wanted to please some famous scientists.2.What does the underlined word “pas

17、times” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Jobs.B.Experiments.C.Hobbies.D.Structures.3.What can we know about Hooke?A.He went to Oxford in 1645.B.He was well paid in the Royal Society.C.He made a contribution to medicine.D.His book Micrographia may have helped Newton.4.Which word can be used to describe Hooke?A.H

18、onest.B.Creative.C.Reliable.D.Modest.完形填空(2020湖北华中师大一附中高二上期末,)The worlds youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks to his ability. Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name is AJ, is 1 learning to put together words, but the baby is already able to 2 and play music from a laptop and

19、 has become famous in South Africa. His ability has even 3 him special appearances(演出), with fans 4 to hear his music.His recent 5 at a supermarket near his home in Johannesburg 6 a large crowd as he moved his head to the 7, with large headphones around his neck. His mother, Refiloe Marumo, 8 his su

20、ccess to his father Glen Hlongwanes decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son. Mr. Hlongwane, a gymnastics coach and 9 DJ, had planned to download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself.A mobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngst

21、er now has nearly 25,000 Facebook 10. However, some people 11 his parents of abusing and making money from their childs ability. Mr. Hlongwane said he would not “12 his kid” and that he wasnt allowed to play in clubs or at parties 13 his age. The parents also insisted that they would not 14 their so

22、n to be a DJ when he grew up. They believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future. Mr. Hlongwane added, “I can see a 15 Bill Gates here.”1.A.neverB.stillC.thereforeD.merely2.A.createB.adoptC.selectD.tease3.A.earnedB.exchangedC.riskedD.updated4.A.desperateB.unwillingC.

23、admirableD.appropriate5.A.movementB.competitionC.reputationD.appearance6.A.movedB.benefitedC.attractedD.disappointed7.A.rhymeB.flashC.patternD.beat8.A.exposedB.accustomedC.appealedD.owed9.A.allergicB.cautiousC.devotedD.ridiculous10.A.competitorsB.followersC.sponsorsD.experts11.A.accomplishedB.acquir

24、edC.accusedD.convinced12.A.take charge ofB.take possession ofC.take advantage ofD.take place of13.A.due toB.in spite ofC.rather thanD.in addition to14.A.adviseB.allowC.doubtD.force15.A.realisticB.contemporaryC.futureD.predictable.语法填空(独家原创试题,)One of the premier medical 1(scientist)in the 21st centur

25、y is Zhong Nanshan. Born in 1936 and 2(graduate) from Peking University Health Science Center, this ordinary but great man has been working in the medical field for over 40 years. He is a good doctor in the patients eyes and 3 kind medical professor in his students eyes.In 2003, SARS broke 4in China

26、 and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan not only led but also 5(take)an active part in the battle against SARS. At that time most people had no 6(nature)defense against the disease. Dangerous 7it was, Zhong Nanshan worked hard to treat SARS patients. Meanwhile he underlined the fact 8teamwork among nat

27、ions could save lives. Through 9(they)several months hard work, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved remarkable achievements. Soon SARS 10(wipe)out.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案全解全析Part 2Learning About Language & Using Language基础过关练.1.thinking2.concrete3.finding4.virus5.initial6.framework7.vac

28、cine8.shadow9.rainbow10.solid.1.get down to2.is linked to3.make sense4.carry out5.in the first place6.care about7.rather than.1.Initially考查词性转换。句意:最初,系统运行良好,但后来我们遇到了一些挑战。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作状语,应用副词形式,故填Initially,意为“开始,最初”。2.were cast考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在多年前的战争中,这些无价之宝被扔进了尼罗河。分析句子结构可知,设空处充当句子的谓语,由during the wa

29、r many years ago可以判断用一般过去时,且treasures与cast之间为被动关系,故填were cast。3.subscribed考查动词的时态。句意:作为一个体育迷,我去年在电视上订购了好几个体育频道。分析句子结构可知,设空处充当句子的谓语,由last year可知用一般过去时,故填subscribed。4.intervention/to intervene考查词性转换。句意:陷入困境的商人们要求政府介入以拯救钢铁业。分析句子结构可知,the government 作动词短语called for的宾语,故填名词intervention。也可理解为考查非谓语动词,此处包含ca

30、ll for sb. to do sth.结构,不定式在这里作宾补,故填to intervene。5.for考查介词。句意:事实上,你不应该把你的失败归咎于其他人。固定短语:blame sb. for sth.意为“把某事归咎于某人”。故填介词for。6.transformed考查动词的时态。句意:就我而言,是这件事改变了我的生活。分析句子结构可知,设空处充当谓语,由was可知用一般过去时,故填transformed。7.multiple考查词性转换。句意:作为一个拥有多元文化的国家,中国吸引了很多国际学生。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语修饰cultures,故填形容词multiple,意为“

31、多种多样的”。8.that考查强调句型。句意:是课间的这些创新活动增强了学生们的体质并且缓解了他们的焦虑。分析句子结构可知,此处是强调句型,强调主语the innovative activities between classes。故填that。 .1.The reason why;that2.was that3.The problem is whether4.What the teacher couldnt understand was that5.it was;that/who能力提升练.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国伟大的科学家、细胞的发现者罗伯特胡克。1.A推理判断题。根

32、据第二段中的Hooke impressed them with his skill at designing experiments and inventing instruments.可知,胡克设计实验和发明仪器的能力非常优秀,由此推断他接受实验馆长一职的原因是他喜欢设计实验。故选A。而B、C、D选项都属于主观臆断、无中生有的错误选项,文中没有涉及这些内容。2.C词义猜测题。根据上文胡克对实验的喜欢以及第三段他为了观察生物而发明了一种复显微镜可知,用显微镜观察生物是他最喜欢做的事情之一,由此推断出“pastime”意思是“爱好”。故选C。3.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的The book.th

33、at may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theoretical frameworks on these phenomena.可知,胡克的显微图谱这本书可能对牛顿有帮助。故选D。由第二段内容可知,1662年胡克28岁,他是在13岁进入威斯敏斯特公学,然后从那里去了牛津大学,他13岁时是1647年,所以上牛津大学的时间不可能是1645年,所以A项错误。B选项“他在英国皇家学会薪水很高”和文中第二段最后一句中的even though he knew that the society h

34、ad no money to pay him相悖。根据文章第一段可知,胡克是发明家、物理学家、监督官员、天文学家、生物学家、艺术家等,全文也没有提及他对医学的贡献,故C选项“他对医学做出了贡献”错误。4.B推理判断题。文章介绍了胡克的很多成就,而且他喜欢做实验,也发明了很多仪器,由此推断他是富有创造性的。故选B。【高频词汇】1.guidance n.指导2.instrument n.仪器;工具3.responsible adj.负责任的4.potential n.潜力;潜质5.fascinating adj.迷人的;吸引人的6.contribution n.贡献长难句分析原句The book

35、also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theoretical frameworks on these phenomena.分析本句是一个主从复合句。其中among other things是插入语,句子的主干是“The book also includes ideas”。on gravity, light and co

36、mbustion是修饰ideas的介词短语,而that引导的定语从句也修饰ideas,在该定语从句中when引导时间状语从句。句意除了其他方面,这本书还包括关于重力、光和燃烧的想法,当像牛顿这样的科学家在发展自己关于这些现象的理论框架时,这些想法可能曾经帮助过他们。.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了世界上最年轻的DJ奥拉提尔威隆韦恩,只有两岁却拥有成千上万的粉丝。1.B考查副词词义。句意:奥拉提尔威隆韦恩的DJ名字是AJ,他还在学习说话。never从不;still仍然;therefore因此;merely仅仅。根据the baby可知他还是个婴儿,还在学习说话。故选B。2.C考查动词词义。句

37、意:但这个婴儿已经能够从笔记本电脑上选择和播放音乐,而且在南非已经很出名了。create创造;adopt采取;select选择;tease取笑。根据常识可知DJ工作的一部分是挑选和播放音乐。故选C。3.A考查动词词义。句意:他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的演出。earn赢得;exchange交换;risk冒险;update更新。根据句意可知此处表示“赢得”特别的演出。故选A。4.A考查形容词词义。句意:粉丝们迫切地想听到他的音乐。desperate迫切的;unwilling不情愿的;admirable令人钦佩的;appropriate合适的。作为粉丝,当然是迫切地想听到他播放的音乐。故选A。5.D

38、考查名词词义。句意:他最近在约翰内斯堡他家附近的一家超市演出,吸引了一大群人。movement运动,活动;competition比赛;reputation名声,声誉;appearance演出。故选D。6.C考查动词词义。句意同上。move移动;benefit使受益;attract吸引;disappoint使失望。故选C。7.D考查名词词义。句意:他脖子上挂着大耳机,头随着节拍晃动。rhyme押韵;flash闪光;pattern图案;beat节拍。故选D。8.D考查动词词义。句意:他的母亲Refiloe Marumo将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlongwane的决定,他为当时未出生的儿子

39、买了一个iPad。expose暴露;accustom使习惯;appeal呼吁;owe归功于。owe ones success to.意为“把某人的成功归功于”。故选D。9.C考查形容词词义。句意:隆韦恩先生,一名体操教练兼狂热的DJ。allergic过敏的;cautious小心的;devoted狂热的;ridiculous荒谬的。根据as well as a DJ app for himself可知他自己也是一名狂热的DJ。故选C。10.B考查名词词义。句意:一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享,现在这个孩子在Facebook上有近2.5万名粉丝。competitor竞争者;follower拥

40、护者,追随者;sponsor赞助商;expert专家。根据Facebook可知这些人是他的粉丝。故选B。11.C考查动词词义。句意:然而,一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accomplish完成;acquire获得;accuse谴责;convince使确信。根据abusing and making money可知此处表示“谴责”,accuse sb. of doing sth.意为“谴责某人做某事”。故选C。12.C考查动词短语。句意:隆韦恩先生说他不会“利用他的孩子”。take charge of接管,负责;take possession of占有,占领;take advan

41、tage of利用;take place of代替,取代。根据上文人们指责隆韦恩夫妇滥用孩子的能力赚钱,可知此处是他父亲回应不会利用他的孩子。故选C。13.A考查介词短语。句意:因为他的年龄,所以不允许他在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due to由于;in spite of尽管,不顾;rather than而不是;in addition to除之外(还)。故选A。14.D考查动词词义。句意:这对父母还坚称,他们不会强迫儿子长大后当DJ。advise建议;allow允许;doubt怀疑;force迫使。根据They believed his interest in electronic equipmen

42、t would probably decide his future.可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。故选D。15.C考查形容词词义。句意:隆韦恩先生补充道:“我在这里能看到未来的比尔盖茨。”realistic现实的;contemporary同时代的;future将来的;predictable可预见的。根据上文中would probably decide his future可知这里指未来。故选C。【高频词汇】1.download v.下载2.educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的3.in addition to除之外(还)4.abuse v.滥用;虐待;辱骂5.make m

43、oney 赚钱6.insist v.坚持说长难句分析原句Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name is AJ, is still learning to put together words, but the baby is already able to select and play music from a laptop and has become famous in South Africa. 分析本句为并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句;第一个分句中whose DJ name is AJ是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Oratilwe Hlongwane

44、, whose在从句中作定语,修饰DJ name。句意奥拉提尔威隆韦恩的DJ名字是AJ,他还在学习说话,但这个婴儿已经能从笔记本电脑上选择和播放音乐,而且在南非已经很出名了。.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了医学专家钟南山的事迹及主要成就。1.scientists考查名词的数。one of后接复数名词。故填scientists。2.graduating考查现在分词。动词graduate与其逻辑主语this ordinary but great man之间构成主动关系,所以用现在分词短语作状语。故填graduating。3.a考查冠词。此处表示泛指,结合空后的kind可知应用不定冠词a。

45、故填a。4.out考查固定短语。根据语境可知,此处表示在2003年,SARS在中国暴发并扩散至全球。break out意为“暴发”,符合语境,故填out。5.took考查动词的时态。本句中not only.but also.连接并列的谓语,根据led可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填took。6.natural考查形容词。名词defense前应用形容词修饰。故填natural,表示“天然的”。7.as/though考查连词。根据语境可知,此处表示尽管危险,但钟南山努力工作,治疗SARS病人。此处形容词Dangerous位于句首构成倒装语序,所以用连词as或though引导让步状语从句。故填as或t

46、hough。8.that考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,解释名词fact的内容,且从句意思完整,不缺成分,所以用that。9.their考查代词。名词work前应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。10.was wiped考查动词的时态和语态。动词短语wipe out与句子主语SARS之间是被动关系,且事情发生在2003年,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was wiped。【高频词汇】1.graduate v.毕业2.field n.领域3.defense n.防御能力;防御;辩解4.meanwhile adv.同时,与此同时5.remarkable adj.显著的;非凡的