2022版新教材高中英语 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Section Ⅲ Using Language基础训练（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第三册.docx

1、Using Language. 单句语法填空1.They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment （commit） to the job.2.Innovation is the motivation （motive） of social development.3.Think carefully before you answer questions online, or you may give away very important personal information.4.His loyalty （loyal）

2、to his friends was never in doubt.5.So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence. 同义替换desperate; at times; odd; consist of; commitment; vary; celebrate; struggle1.It is strange that parents and children who spend a lot of time together still dont know how to co

3、mmunicate with each other. odd 2.He was longing for a chance to prove himself. desperate 3.Prices change according to the type of the room you require. vary 4.I was impressed by the energy and devotion shown by the players. commitment 5.How do people observe the New Year in your country? celebrate 6

4、.She has to work at weekends from time to time. at times 7.James was hit in the mouth as he fought with the burglars. struggled 8.The buffet is made up of several different Indian dishes. consists of . 完成句子1.要不是医生的照顾, 我不会痊愈得这么快。（含蓄虚拟语气）If it hadnt been for the doctors care, I wouldnt have recovered

5、so soon .2.春节期间和家人待在家里是再好不过的事了。（There is nothing like.） There is nothing like staying at home with family members during the Spring Festival.3.假若下起雨来, 我们没法按时到校怎么办？（What if.？） What if it rains when we cant get to school on time?4.他介绍这次展览会的方式很吸引人。（定语从句）The way （that/in which） he introduced the exhibit

6、ion was attractive.5.在海滩上玩耍是如此有趣以至于孩子们都不愿回家。（suchthat） It was so much fun to play on the beach that the kids didnt want to go back home.素养综合练. 阅读理解（2020广东揭阳高三二模）I once complained to my friend Mike, “I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately there is a big hill on the

7、 route.” He replied, “Actually, you are fortunate.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell my-self the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will

8、 help me to lose weight and get fit. It means that I will live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought that some people pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles while I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reac

9、h the top of the hill.Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Hel-en Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease. Only

10、 through ex-periences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”One of the main determinants （决定因素） of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are o

11、f our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.Douglas Bader was 21 when he had both legs cut off following a flying accident in 1931. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading aviators（飞行员） in the

12、Battle of Britain. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Dont listen to anyone who tells you that you cant do this or that. Thats nonsense. Make up your mind, and youll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you ca

13、n. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the diffi- culties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose t

14、heir attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage?A.One who wants to achieve success cant expect to live an

15、 easy life.B.Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.C.Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to peoples health.D.Peoples attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.2.What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said?A.Failure is the mother of

16、 success.B.A bad workman quarrels with his tools.C.If you risk nothing, you will have nothing.D.Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.3.What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph?A.How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.B.Why it

17、 is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.C.What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.D.What great people have in common.4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Different attitudes towards misfortuneB.Face difficulties with

18、a smileC.Nothing is impossibleD.Life is full of adversity答案：1.A 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。在生活中, 决定成败的因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境, 但是我们能选择面对它的态度。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第三段第二句 “We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.”可知, 一个人要想成功就不能期望过轻松的生活。故选A。答案：2.D 解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第五段所引用的话 “Dont listen to anyonea

19、re too difficult or impossible.”可知, Douglas Bader认为面对困难应当勇敢尝试, 不要听信别人所言的太困难或不可能, 没有什么是克服不了的。据此可以推断, 作者引用Douglas Bader的话旨在说明, 对于勇敢尝试的人来说, 没有什么是困难的。故选D。答案：3.C 解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章最后一句“Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.”可知, 如何改变面对困难的态度仍然是一

20、个问题, 据此可以推断, 下文将就此问题作进一步阐述。故选C。答案：4.B 解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】通读全文可知, 本文作者通过叙述将骑自行车经过的山地视为锻炼的机会及Helen Keller 和Douglas Bader的故事, 说明成功的关键是面对困难时的积极态度。故选B。深度解析词汇积累1. approach v. 靠近; 接近 2. inspirational adj. 启发灵感的; 鼓舞人心的 3. from time to time 有时; 不时 4. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此; 不过; 然而. 七选五（2020山东师范大学附属中学高二上期

21、中考试）Hope is the most powerful motivating force that helps people to overcome adversity. 1 , you need a guiding force to keep you moving toward your goals. Hope keeps you on your feet and makes you much stronger.Hope is your strength and inner faith in the battle of your life. 2 , you lose everything

22、. You do hard work and make a great effort to succeed in life but fail. That makes you upset and de-pressed. You do not know what to do. At that time hope comes to your rescue and gives you en-couragement. 3 .Hope increases the productivity, efficiency and creativity in people. A hopeful person who

23、stays positive and enthusiastic can succeed in any field of his choice. 4 . The best service we can do to the mankind is giving hope to the hopeless. 5 ? Yes, hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live. Give hope to people and they will become more creative and more produc

24、tive. Hope is vital to the life of every person. Besides, hope is necessary not only for life but also for living a healthy life. Hope is the best medicine that keeps away tension, depression, high blood pressure and other health pro-blems. I had two big heart attacks and while at the edge of death,

25、 I had hope that I would survive. And the hope of getting well kept me alive.A.A hopeless person is a failed person who can never succeed in lifeB.Have you ever lost hope and felt sorry for yourselfC.Since youre full of hope for the futureD.You try one more time and succeedE.In the ups and downs of

26、lifeF.Is hope necessary for lifeG.If you lose hope1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案：1.E 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文, 主要阐述了希望对于人生的重要性, 希望是使人在逆境中向着目标前进的动力。根据空后句在困难的情况下需要引导力量帮助前行可知, E项“在生活中的起起落落”符合语境。答案：2.G 解析：2.本空后面是逗号, 应该选择非完整句选项。G项If you lose hope （如果你失去希望）, 与空后的 you lose everything 逻辑关系匹配, 故G项正确。答案：3.D 解析：3.空前句 At that tim

27、e hope comes to your rescue and gives you encouragement. 意为“在那时希望会向你伸出援手, 给你鼓励。”与D项 You try one more time and succeed衔接合理, 故D项正确。答案：4.A 解析：4.由空后一句The best service we can do to the mankind is giving hope to the hopeless. 可知, 设空处应提及绝望的人为什么需要被给予希望, A项符合语境。答案：5.F 解析：5.本空后是问号, 所以应该选择疑问句选项, F项 Is hope nec

28、essary for life 与空后句 Yes, hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live. 逻辑吻合, 故F项正确。. 应用文写作1.假定你是李华, 你的美国朋友Frank给你发邮件表示他很钦佩中国的诺贝尔奖获得者屠呦呦, 想更多地了解她的生平事迹, 请你根据以下内容给他回一封电子邮件。主要内容：1. 出生时间和出生地（1930年, 浙江省宁波市）;2. 学业（1951年进入北京大学）;3. 主要事迹和贡献。注意：1. 词数80左右;2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已给

29、出, 不计入总词数。参考词汇：青蒿素artemisinin; 疟疾malariaDear Frank,Yours,Li Hua答案：Im glad to know that you are keen to know more about Chinese scientist Tu Youyou. Id like to share what I know about her.Tu Youyou was born in 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She was admitted to Beijing Univer-sity in 1951. In 2015

30、 Tu Youyou became a Nobel Prize winner at the age of 85 for her discovery of artemisinin. It is such a crucial new medicine for malaria that without it, 100,000 Africans would die of malaria a year.Tu Youyou has been and still is distinguished for her tremendous vigour and outstanding endur-ance. Sh

31、e has been persevering in medical research with one hundred percent commitment for more than half a century and has become the idol of us Chinese students.高级短语及句式1. be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事; 热衷于做某事 2. crucial adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的 3. dis-tinguished adj. 卓越的; 杰出的 4. tremendous adj. 巨大的; 极大的 5. commitment n. 投入; 奉献 6. It is such a crucial new medicine for malaria that without it, 100,000 Africans would die of malaria a year. 这是一种非常重要的治疗疟疾的新药, 没有它, 每年将有10万非洲人死于疟疾。