新教材2020-2021学年英语人教版必修第三册学案：UNIT 1 DISCOVERING USEFUL STRUCTURES WORD版含解析.doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 1Festivals and CelebrationsDiscovering Useful Structures动词-ing形式作定语和表语Dialogue 1: Dialogue 2: 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。构成: v. +-ing, 如do-doing, be-being, a

2、sk-asking, etc. 否定式not(never)+v. +-ing, 如not knowing. . . 完成式having done被动式being done, having been done*Anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach. (动词-ing形式作定语)任何想竞走的人或许首先应该和教练商量一下。*(2019全国卷)Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. (动词-ing形式作主

3、语)把英语当做一门第二语言来学可能是一个很痛苦的经历。*(2019全国卷)The researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. (动词-ing形式作状语)研究人员让100名志愿者用智能键盘敲击单词“touch”四次。一、动词-ing形式作定语1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作定语表示动作或状态动词-ing形式(短语)作定语表示所修饰词的动作或状态, 被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系, 相当于一个定语从句。单个的现在分词作定语时, 放在被修饰词前; 现在分词短语作定

4、语时, 则放在被修饰词后。*(2020全国卷) Race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour. 以每小时六英里的速度移动的竞走者每小时燃烧大约800卡路里。*(2019全国卷)If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible for this program. 如果你是生活在本省某些地方的青少年, 你就可能符合这个项目的条件。being do

5、ne表示正在进行的被动语态, 作定语时, 常用于被修饰词之后。The Wandering Earth being shown these days is really a good movie. 这几天正在被放映的电影流浪地球确实是部好电影。2. 动词-ing形式作定语表属性、作用或用途表示名词的属性、作用或用途, 作“供用”讲, 相当于介词for短语, 常置于被修饰的名词前。*(2019全国卷)The answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. (=the area for camping)如果你

6、露营地的空气质量很好, 答案是一个大大的YES。*(2020全国卷)They share a front door and a washing machine. 他们共同使用一个前门和一台洗衣机。3. 作表语的现在分词, 许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有: moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing等, 这类分词有“令人的”的含义, 常修饰物。*(2019全国卷)Bacteria are an ann

7、oying problem for astronauts. 对于航天员来说, 细菌是一个令人很恼火的问题。动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式作定语的区别是: 动词-ing形式表示正在进行或习惯性的动作; 过去分词表示被动或完成意义; 不定式表示动作尚未发生。*The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作正在进行)会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。*The problem discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作已经完成)会上讨论过的问题非常重要。*The

8、 problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作将要发生)会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。 语法填空。At midnight Spain began stopping cars crossing(cross) its borders from France and Portugal. The topic being discussed (discuss) now has drawn some experts attention. The boys gathering (gather) at the school gat

9、e are my classmates. There is a swimming (swim) pool in our school. 二、动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词, 两者都可作表语, 但有所区别。1. 动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系, 表示主语的内容, 主语、表语可互换位置。*What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (=Her staying too late every night is what worries me most. )最使我担心的是她每天熬夜到很晚。*My f

10、avourite sport is swimming. (=Swimming is my favourite sport. )我最喜欢的运动是游泳。2. 现在分词作表语, 表明的是主语的性质和特征, 主语和表语的位置不可互换。*The news is quite shocking. 这消息很令人震惊。 动名词与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别动名词(短语)作表语表示抽象的一般性的动作; 动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。*His hobby is painting. 他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)*Today what he wants to do is to pain

11、t. 今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作) 语法填空。My hobby is collecting(collect) stamps. What you said is really inspiring (inspire). What I am tired of is waiting (wait) here alone. One of his shortcomings is telling lies (撒谎). 用动词-ing形式作定语和表语的句子简要介绍你母亲的工作。1. 妈妈的工作是在超市里卖水果。(动词-ing形式作表语)2. 这些水果种类繁多, 从常见的苹果、梨到进口的水果。(动词-i

12、ng形式作定语)3. 妈妈经常给我们带来一些卖得好的水果让我们品尝。(动词-ing形式作定语)4. 虽然一些人认为我母亲的工作是无聊的, 但我认为她的工作是有意义的。(动词-ing形式作表语)_My mothers job is selling fruit in a supermarket. There are all kinds of fruits, ranging from common apples and pears to imported fruit. She often brings us some fruit selling well to let us taste. Though some people think my mothers job is boring, I think it is meaningful. 关闭Word文档返回原板块